diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-01.sh index 8db4390a..90e2397d 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-01.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output just the names of each player in `scores-table.txt`. # Your output should contain 6 lines, each with just one word on it. +awk '{print $1}' scores-table.txt diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-02.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-02.sh index 5956be9b..507d0779 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-02.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-02.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the names of each player, as well as their city. # Your output should contain 6 lines, each with two words on it, separated by a space. + awk '{print $1, $2}' scores-table.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-03.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-03.sh index af7c6e8b..e6dfa178 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-03.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-03.sh @@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output just the names of each player along with the score from their first attempt. # Your output should contain 6 lines, each with one word and one number on it. # The first line should be "Ahmed 1". +awk '{print $1, $3}' scores-table.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-04.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-04.sh index bf15703c..11133754 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-04.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-04.sh @@ -5,3 +5,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output just the names of each player in London along with the score from their last attempt. # Your output should contain 3 lines, each with one word and one number on it. # The first line should be "Ahmed 4". +awk '$2=="London" {print $1, $NF}' scores-table.txt +#$NF → last column \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-05.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-05.sh index d1680cb0..dbee2cfb 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-05.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-05.sh @@ -5,3 +5,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output just the names of each player along with the number of times they've played the game. # Your output should contain 6 lines, each with one word and one number on it. # The first line should be "Ahmed 3". +awk '{print $1, NF-2}' scores-table.txt +# NF = total number of fields in the line, NF - 2 = removes name + city \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-06-stretch.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-06-stretch.sh index 0201e637..413a35e3 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-06-stretch.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-06-stretch.sh @@ -6,3 +6,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the total of adding together all players' first scores. # Your output should be exactly the number 54. +awk '{sum += $3} END {print sum}' scores-table.txt +#sum += $3 → adds each player’s first score diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-07-stretch.sh b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-07-stretch.sh index 3f715588..0e21b17a 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-07-stretch.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/awk/script-07-stretch.sh @@ -7,3 +7,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output just the names of each player along with the total of adding all of that player's scores. # Your output should contain 6 lines, each with one word and one number on it. # The first line should be "Ahmed 15". The second line should be "Basia 37" +awk '{sum=0; for(i=3;i<=NF;i++) sum+=$i; print $1, sum}' scores-table.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-01.sh index c85053e0..ba802a7b 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-01.sh @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the contents of the helper-1.txt file inside the helper-files directory to the terminal. # The output of this command should be "Once upon a time...". + cd helper-files + cat helper-1.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-02.sh b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-02.sh index 01bbd5ea..5ebad584 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-02.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-02.sh @@ -11,3 +11,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # It looked delicious. # I was tempted to take a bite of it. # But this seemed like a bad idea... +cat *.txt +pwd should be in the helper-files directory diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-03.sh b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-03.sh index 37573b0c..15b90714 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-03.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-03.sh @@ -9,3 +9,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # 1 It looked delicious. # 2 I was tempted to take a bite of it. # 3 But this seemed like a bad idea... +cat -n helper-3.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-04-stretch.sh b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-04-stretch.sh index 00fe3c48..b88e84c5 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-04-stretch.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/cat/script-04-stretch.sh @@ -13,3 +13,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # 3 It looked delicious. # 4 I was tempted to take a bite of it. # 5 But this seemed like a bad idea... +cat * | nl \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-01.sh index fb05f42f..72cd51b5 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-01.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output every line in dialogue.txt said by the Doctor. # The output should contain 6 lines. +grep "^Doctor:" dialogue.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-02.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-02.sh index df6f8564..0d801d79 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-02.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-02.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output every line in dialogue.txt that contains the word Doctor (regardless of case). # The output should contain 9 lines. +grep -ci "Doctor" dialogue.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-03.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-03.sh index 5383fe57..69cfc760 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-03.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-03.sh @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the number of lines in dialogue.txt that contain the word Doctor (regardless of case). # The output should be exactly the number 9. +grep -ci "Doctor" dialogue.txt + diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-04.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-04.sh index 80ee0477..392ff8d8 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-04.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-04.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output every line in dialogue.txt that does not contain the word "Hello" (regardless of case). # The output should contain 10 lines. +grep -vi "Hello" dialogue.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-05.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-05.sh index 1eb53818..a7e28a47 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-05.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-05.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output every line in dialogue.txt that contains the string "cure", as well as the line before that line. # The output should contain two pairs of two lines of text (with a separator between them). +grep -B 1 "cure" dialogue.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-06.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-06.sh index 5670e3b6..87c9d9e9 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-06.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-06.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the name of every `.txt` file in this directory which contains a line of dialogue said by the Doctor. # The output should contain two filenames. +grep -l "Doctor" *.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-07.sh b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-07.sh index 9670ebad..0ef496e4 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-07.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/grep/script-07.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output, for each `.txt` file in this directory, how many lines of dialogue the Doctor has. # The output should show that dialogue.txt contains 6 lines, dialogue-2.txt contains 2, and dialogue-3.txt contains 0. +grep -c "Doctor" *.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-01.sh index 241b62f5..f21b021b 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-01.sh @@ -13,3 +13,7 @@ fi # TODO: Write a command to list the files and folders in this directory. # The output should be a list of names including child-directory, script-01.sh, script-02.sh, and more. + +#I'm in the current folder, And I used cd, now just need to use ls + +ls diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-02.sh b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-02.sh index d0a5a10f..e0de2199 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-02.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-02.sh @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command which lists all of the files in the directory named child-directory. # The output should be a list of names: helper-1.txt, helper-2.txt, helper-3.txt. + +ls child-directory \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-03.sh b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-03.sh index 781216d2..7a1a1d31 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-03.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-03.sh @@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command which _recursively_ lists all of the files and folders in this directory _and_ all of the files inside those folders. # The output should be a list of names including: child-directory, script-01.sh, helper-1.txt (and more). # The formatting of the output doesn't matter. +ls -R \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-04.sh b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-04.sh index 72f3817b..ad9dc5d2 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-04.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/ls/script-04.sh @@ -15,9 +15,10 @@ echo "First exercise (sorted newest to oldest):" # TODO: Write a command which lists the files in the child-directory directory, one per line, sorted so that the most recently modified file is first. # The output should be a list of names in this order, one per line: helper-3.txt, helper-1.txt, helper-2.txt. - +ls -1t child-directory echo "Second exercise (sorted oldest to newest):" # TODO: Write a command which does the same as above, but sorted in the opposite order (oldest first). # The output should be a list of names in this order, one per line: helper-2.txt, helper-1.txt, helper-3.txt. +ls -1tr child-directory \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-01.sh index d592970f..0bd78a31 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-01.sh @@ -5,3 +5,5 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output input.txt with all occurrences of the letter `i` replaced with `I`. # The output should contain 11 lines. # The first line of the output should be: "ThIs Is a sample fIle for experImentIng wIth sed.". + +sed 's/i/I/g' input.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-02.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-02.sh index abdd64d0..76576ecb 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-02.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-02.sh @@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output input.txt with numbers removed. # The output should contain 11 lines. # Line 6 of the output should be " Alisha". +sed 's/[0-9]//g' input.txt] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-03.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-03.sh index dd284a29..0f577930 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-03.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-03.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output input.txt removing any line which contains a number. # The output should contain 6 lines. +sed '/[0-9]/d' input.txt diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-04.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-04.sh index 0052ac6c..47821142 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-04.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-04.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output input.txt replacing every occurrence of the string "We'll" with "We will". # The output should contain 11 lines. +sed "s/We'll/We will/g" input.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-05.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-05.sh index 2dcc91a0..68582b6b 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-05.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-05.sh @@ -6,3 +6,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # If a line starts with a number and a space, make the line instead end with a space and the number. # So line 6 which currently reads "37 Alisha" should instead read "Alisha 37". # The output should contain 11 lines. +sed -E 's/^([0-9]+) (.*)/\2 \1/' input.txt diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-06.sh b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-06.sh index 0b939017..6882c3dd 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-06.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/sed/script-06.sh @@ -8,3 +8,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # The output should contain 11 lines. # Line 3 should be "It contains many lines, and there are some things you may want to do with each of them.". # Line 11 should be "We also should remember, when we go shopping, to get 4 items: oranges, cheese, bread, olives.". +sed -E 's/,([^ ])/,\ \1/g' input.txt diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-01.sh b/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-01.sh index c9dd6e5d..878262a2 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-01.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-01.sh @@ -4,3 +4,6 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the number of words in the file helper-files/helper-3.txt. # The output should include the number 19. The output should not include the number 92. + +wc -w helper-3.txt +w should be in lowercase, otherwaise you will get illigal option error. diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-02.sh b/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-02.sh index 8feeb1a6..a3c0be3c 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-02.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-02.sh @@ -4,3 +4,4 @@ set -euo pipefail # TODO: Write a command to output the number of lines in the file helper-files/helper-3.txt. # The output should include the number 3. The output should not include the number 19. +wc -l helper-3.txt \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-03.sh b/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-03.sh index 6b2e9d3d..be9d1f6b 100755 --- a/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-03.sh +++ b/individual-shell-tools/wc/script-03.sh @@ -8,3 +8,7 @@ set -euo pipefail # 1 7 39 ../helper-files/helper-2.txt # 3 19 92 ../helper-files/helper-3.txt # 5 30 151 total + +wc -lwm * +I am in the directory(helper-files) + diff --git a/number-systems/README.md b/number-systems/README.md index 77a3bde9..c1cf5213 100644 --- a/number-systems/README.md +++ b/number-systems/README.md @@ -5,61 +5,62 @@ Do not convert any binary numbers to decimal when solving a question unless the The goal of these exercises is for you to gain an intuition for binary numbers. Using tools to solve the problems defeats the point. Convert the decimal number 14 to binary. -Answer: +Answer: 1110 Convert the binary number 101101 to decimal: -Answer: +Answer: 32+8+4+1 = 45 Which is larger: 1000 or 0111? -Answer: +Answer: 1000 Which is larger: 00100 or 01011? -Answer: +Answer: 01011 What is 10101 + 01010? -Answer: +Answer: 11111 What is 10001 + 10001? -Answer: +Answer: 100010 What's the largest number you can store with 4 bits, if you want to be able to represent the number 0? -Answer: +Answer: 15 How many bits would you need in order to store the numbers between 0 and 255 inclusive? -Answer: +Answer: 2^8 = 255 so 8 bits How many bits would you need in order to store the numbers between 0 and 3 inclusive? -Answer: - +Answer: 2^2=4 2 bits How many bits would you need in order to store the numbers between 0 and 1000 inclusive? -Answer: +Answer: 2^10 = 1024 so 10 bits How can you test if a binary number is a power of two (e.g. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, ...)? -Answer: +Answer: It's a power of 2 when it had only one 1 Convert the decimal number 14 to hex. -Answer: +Answer: E Convert the decimal number 386 to hex. -Answer: +Answer: 182 Convert the hex number 386 to decimal. -Answer: +Answer: 3*16^2 + 8*16^1 + 6*16^0 = 902 Convert the hex number B to decimal. -Answer: +Answer: 11 If reading the byte 0x21 as a number, what decimal number would it mean? -Answer: +Answer: 2×16^1 + 1×16^0 33 If reading the byte 0x21 as an ASCII character, what character would it mean? -Answer: +Answer: Should be converted to Decimal then ASCII code 33 : ! If reading the byte 0x21 as a greyscale colour, as described in "Approaches for Representing Colors and Images", what colour would it mean? -Answer: +Answer: A very dark grey (almost black), because 0 = black, 255 = white, and 33 is very low in (0-255) If reading the bytes 0xAA00FF as an RGB colour, as described in "Approaches for Representing Colors and Images", what colour would it mean? -Answer: +Answer: Purple , because no green, and full blue If reading the bytes 0xAA00FF as a sequence of three one-byte decimal numbers, what decimal numbers would they be? -Answer: +Answer: AA = 170 +00 = 0 +FF = 255