diff --git a/.jules/palette.md b/.jules/palette.md
index d892e2f9..ed7f6bc2 100644
--- a/.jules/palette.md
+++ b/.jules/palette.md
@@ -54,3 +54,6 @@
 ## 2024-07-13 - [Table Node Accessibility]
 **Learning:** Adding `aria-hidden="true"` inside `abbr` elements with `aria-label` prevents screen readers from redundantly announcing short abbreviations like "PK" or "NN" along with their full label.
 **Action:** When creating short, domain-specific abbreviations with tooltips, use `aria-label` on the wrapper and hide the visual text from screen readers using `aria-hidden="true"` to create a cleaner auditory experience.
+## 2026-07-27 - [Descriptive ARIA labels for modal buttons]
+**Learning:** Adding dynamic, contextual `aria-label` attributes to generic buttons (like Save, Cancel, Delete) inside modals significantly improves screen reader navigation and clarity, ensuring users understand exactly what action they are taking.
+**Action:** Always provide contextual `aria-label`s for generic action buttons in dialogs using dynamic data like node or edge names.
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/modals/EditEdgeModal.tsx b/frontend/src/components/modals/EditEdgeModal.tsx
index c34b7e55..b3a3ae65 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/modals/EditEdgeModal.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/modals/EditEdgeModal.tsx
@@ -83,14 +83,16 @@ export function EditEdgeModal({
             type="button"
             onClick={onRelDelete}
             style={{ color: "#b91c1c", borderColor: "#fca5a5" }}
+            aria-label={`관계 삭제 (${editingEdge.source}에서 ${editingEdge.target})`}
           >
             삭제
           </button>
           <div className="row">
-            <button type="button" onClick={onRelCancel}>취소</button>
+            <button type="button" onClick={onRelCancel} aria-label="관계 편집 취소">취소</button>
             <button
               type="submit"
               style={{ background: "#034ea2", color: "#fff" }}
+              aria-label={`관계 저장 (${editingEdge.source}에서 ${editingEdge.target})`}
             >
               저장
             </button>
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/modals/EditTableModal.test.tsx b/frontend/src/components/modals/EditTableModal.test.tsx
index 1a8c9af5..80244919 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/modals/EditTableModal.test.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/modals/EditTableModal.test.tsx
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ describe('EditTableModal', () => {
     render(<EditTableModal {...defaultProps} editingNode={editingNode as any} setNodes={setNodesMock} onEditTableCancel={onEditTableCancelMock} />);
 
     const user = userEvent.setup();
-    await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '복제' }));
+    await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'test_table 테이블 복제' }));
 
     expect(setNodesMock).toHaveBeenCalled();
     expect(onEditTableCancelMock).toHaveBeenCalled();
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/modals/EditTableModal.tsx b/frontend/src/components/modals/EditTableModal.tsx
index 998929d4..e3f58758 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/modals/EditTableModal.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/modals/EditTableModal.tsx
@@ -191,6 +191,7 @@ export function EditTableModal({
               type="button"
               onClick={onDeleteTable}
               style={{ color: "#b91c1c", borderColor: "#fca5a5" }}
+              aria-label={`${editingNode.data.title} 테이블 삭제`}
             >
               테이블 삭제
             </button>
@@ -218,16 +219,18 @@ export function EditTableModal({
                 onEditTableCancel();
               }}
               style={{ color: "#034ea2", borderColor: "#93c5fd" }}
+              aria-label={`${editingNode.data.title} 테이블 복제`}
             >
               복제
             </button>
           </div>
           <div className="row">
-            <button type="button" onClick={onEditTableCancel}>취소</button>
+            <button type="button" onClick={onEditTableCancel} aria-label="테이블 편집 취소">취소</button>
             <button
               type="submit"
               form="editTableForm"
               style={{ background: "#034ea2", color: "#fff" }}
+              aria-label={`${editingNode.data.title} 테이블 저장`}
             >
               저장
             </button>
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/modals/ModalCoverage.test.tsx b/frontend/src/components/modals/ModalCoverage.test.tsx
index aa9dac53..9d1229b1 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/modals/ModalCoverage.test.tsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/modals/ModalCoverage.test.tsx
@@ -116,9 +116,9 @@ describe('modal behavior coverage', () => {
     fireEvent.change(screen.getByLabelText('제약조건 이름 (Label)'), {
       target: { value: 'fk_changed' },
     })
-    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '삭제' }))
-    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '취소' }))
-    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '저장' }))
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '관계 삭제 (a에서 b)' }))
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '관계 편집 취소' }))
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '관계 저장 (a에서 b)' }))
     expect(setRelLabel).toHaveBeenCalledWith('fk_changed')
     expect(onDelete).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
     expect(onCancel).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
@@ -181,8 +181,8 @@ describe('modal behavior coverage', () => {
     expect(deleteEditing(tableNode)?.data.columns).toHaveLength(1)
 
     fireEvent.submit(document.getElementById('editTableForm')!)
-    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '테이블 삭제' }))
-    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '복제' }))
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'public.users 테이블 삭제' }))
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'public.users 테이블 복제' }))
     const duplicate = setNodes.mock.calls[2]?.[0] as (nodes: Node<TableNodeData>[]) => Node<TableNodeData>[]
     const duplicated = duplicate([tableNode])[1]!
     expect(duplicated).toMatchObject({
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ describe('modal behavior coverage', () => {
       data: { title: 'public.users_copy' },
     })
     expect(duplicated.data.columns).not.toBe(tableNode.data.columns)
-    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '취소' }))
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '테이블 편집 취소' }))
     fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: '닫기' }))
     expect(onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()
     expect(onDeleteTable).toHaveBeenCalledOnce()