diff --git a/scripts/check_benchmark_regression.py b/scripts/check_benchmark_regression.py
index a9b2cbbbf..4fce50269 100644
--- a/scripts/check_benchmark_regression.py
+++ b/scripts/check_benchmark_regression.py
@@ -55,7 +55,9 @@ def _flatten_numbers(value: Any, *, path: str) -> list[float]:
     raise TypeError(f"{path} must be a number or nested sequence of numbers")
 
 
-def _finite_nonnegative_number(value: Any, *, path: str) -> tuple[float | None, str | None]:
+def _finite_nonnegative_number(
+    value: Any, *, path: str
+) -> tuple[float | None, str | None]:
     if isinstance(value, bool):
         return None, f"{path} must be numeric, not boolean"
     if not isinstance(value, int | float):
diff --git a/scripts/check_public_api_registry.py b/scripts/check_public_api_registry.py
index 83428adeb..fdec151f9 100644
--- a/scripts/check_public_api_registry.py
+++ b/scripts/check_public_api_registry.py
@@ -41,7 +41,12 @@ def _load_backend_capabilities() -> dict[str, dict[str, str]]:
 
 
 def _markdown_table_cell(value: object) -> str:
-    return str(value).replace("\r", " ").replace("\n", "<br>").replace(chr(124), chr(0xFF5C))
+    return (
+        str(value)
+        .replace("\r", " ")
+        .replace("\n", "<br>")
+        .replace(chr(124), chr(0xFF5C))
+    )
 
 
 def validate_registry() -> list[str]:
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/__main__.py b/src/pyrecest/__main__.py
index e72674850..17bfa0a9a 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/__main__.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/__main__.py
@@ -6,6 +6,5 @@
 
 from pyrecest.cli import main
 
-
 if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover
     sys.exit(main())
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/_backend/numpy/_common.py b/src/pyrecest/_backend/numpy/_common.py
index 9cad54096..6ad2a6cc7 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/_backend/numpy/_common.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/_backend/numpy/_common.py
@@ -2,7 +2,11 @@
 from pyrecest._backend._dtype_utils import (
     _dyn_update_dtype,
     _modify_func_default_dtype,
+)
+from pyrecest._backend._dtype_utils import (
     get_default_cdtype as _shared_get_default_cdtype,
+)
+from pyrecest._backend._dtype_utils import (
     get_default_dtype as _shared_get_default_dtype,
 )
 
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/_backend/pytorch/linalg.py b/src/pyrecest/_backend/pytorch/linalg.py
index f7204b86f..9f5d5b386 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/_backend/pytorch/linalg.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/_backend/pytorch/linalg.py
@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@
     inv,
 )
 from torch.linalg import matrix_exp as expm
-from torch.linalg import matrix_power
+from torch.linalg import (
+    matrix_power,
+)
 
 from .._backend_config import np_atol as atol
 from ..numpy import linalg as _gsnplinalg
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/_backend/pytorch/random.py b/src/pyrecest/_backend/pytorch/random.py
index 487627d65..eee404977 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/_backend/pytorch/random.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/_backend/pytorch/random.py
@@ -89,11 +89,7 @@ def _validate_choice_probabilities(p, population_size, device):
         raise ValueError("p must be 1-dimensional with one entry per population item")
 
     p_sum = p.sum()
-    if (
-        bool(_torch.any(p < 0))
-        or not bool(_torch.isfinite(p_sum))
-        or bool(p_sum <= 0)
-    ):
+    if bool(_torch.any(p < 0)) or not bool(_torch.isfinite(p_sum)) or bool(p_sum <= 0):
         raise ValueError("probabilities do not sum to a positive value")
     return p / p_sum
 
@@ -209,7 +205,9 @@ def _normal_size(size):
 
 def _broadcasted_parameter_shape(*parameters, message):
     try:
-        return tuple(_torch.broadcast_shapes(*(parameter.shape for parameter in parameters)))
+        return tuple(
+            _torch.broadcast_shapes(*(parameter.shape for parameter in parameters))
+        )
     except RuntimeError as exc:
         raise ValueError(message) from exc
 
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/calibration/__init__.py b/src/pyrecest/calibration/__init__.py
index 11723e6d6..d756cc40c 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/calibration/__init__.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/calibration/__init__.py
@@ -15,7 +15,13 @@
 )
 from .time_offset import (
     TimeOffsetFitResult,
-    aggregate_time_offset_sweeps as _aggregate_time_offset_sweeps,
+    _aggregate_summary_metric,
+    _as_nonnegative_summary_count,
+    _as_summary_scalar,
+    _validate_error_metric,
+)
+from .time_offset import aggregate_time_offset_sweeps as _aggregate_time_offset_sweeps
+from .time_offset import (
     apply_time_offset,
     fit_time_offset,
     interpolate_reference_values,
@@ -24,12 +30,6 @@
     time_offset_error_summary,
     time_offset_sweep,
 )
-from .time_offset import (
-    _aggregate_summary_metric,
-    _as_nonnegative_summary_count,
-    _as_summary_scalar,
-    _validate_error_metric,
-)
 
 
 def aggregate_time_offset_sweeps(
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/calibration/time_offset.py b/src/pyrecest/calibration/time_offset.py
index dc8896374..5c98273b7 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/calibration/time_offset.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/calibration/time_offset.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 
-
 _ERROR_METRIC_NAMES = frozenset({"max", "mean", "p95", "rmse", "std"})
 _ERROR_METRIC_MESSAGE = "metric must be one of 'max', 'mean', 'p95', 'rmse', or 'std'"
 
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/distributions/abstract_grid_distribution.py b/src/pyrecest/distributions/abstract_grid_distribution.py
index 4ffb1c7dc..4568c9f00 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/distributions/abstract_grid_distribution.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/distributions/abstract_grid_distribution.py
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@ def __init__(
                 )
             if dim is not None and actual_dim != dim:
                 raise ValueError(
-                    f"Grid coordinates must have dimension {dim}, got "
-                    f"{actual_dim}."
+                    f"Grid coordinates must have dimension {dim}, got " f"{actual_dim}."
                 )
         if grid is None or (grid.ndim > 1 and grid.shape[0] < grid.shape[1]):
             warnings.warn(
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/distributions/abstract_manifold_specific_distribution.py b/src/pyrecest/distributions/abstract_manifold_specific_distribution.py
index 08e02cbc3..f01f827ae 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/distributions/abstract_manifold_specific_distribution.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/distributions/abstract_manifold_specific_distribution.py
@@ -10,7 +10,9 @@
 # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module,no-member,redefined-builtin
 from pyrecest.backend import empty, int32, int64, log, random, squeeze
 
-_SCALAR_VALUE_ERROR = "Metropolis-Hastings scalar evaluations must return scalar values."
+_SCALAR_VALUE_ERROR = (
+    "Metropolis-Hastings scalar evaluations must return scalar values."
+)
 
 
 def _shape_size(value) -> int | None:
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/distributions/circle/circular_grid_distribution.py b/src/pyrecest/distributions/circle/circular_grid_distribution.py
index 8ea39d3e0..3da169e61 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/distributions/circle/circular_grid_distribution.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/distributions/circle/circular_grid_distribution.py
@@ -80,7 +80,9 @@ def _pdf_via_sinc(self, xs, sinc_repetitions):
         lower = int(floor(sinc_repetitions / 2) * grid_size)
         upper = int(ceil(sinc_repetitions / 2) * grid_size)
         repetitions = arange(-lower, upper)
-        sinc_vals = self._matlab_sinc((xs_eval / step_size)[:, None] - repetitions[None, :])
+        sinc_vals = self._matlab_sinc(
+            (xs_eval / step_size)[:, None] - repetitions[None, :]
+        )
         grid_values = (
             sqrt(self.grid_values) if self.enforce_pdf_nonnegative else self.grid_values
         )
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/distributions/circle/wrapped_exponential_distribution.py b/src/pyrecest/distributions/circle/wrapped_exponential_distribution.py
index 607881327..58e636267 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/distributions/circle/wrapped_exponential_distribution.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/distributions/circle/wrapped_exponential_distribution.py
@@ -83,11 +83,7 @@ def entropy(self):
             # distribution on [0, 2*pi).  The direct expression evaluates
             # log1p(-exp(-log_beta)) and divides by 1 - exp(-log_beta), which
             # suffers catastrophic cancellation for tiny log_beta.
-            return (
-                log(2.0 * pi)
-                - log_beta**2 / 24.0
-                + log_beta**4 / 960.0
-            )
+            return log(2.0 * pi) - log_beta**2 / 24.0 + log_beta**4 / 960.0
 
         # Use exp(-2*pi*lambda) to avoid overflowing exp(2*pi*lambda) for
         # concentrated wrapped exponentials.
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/distributions/nonperiodic/abstract_hyperrectangular_distribution.py b/src/pyrecest/distributions/nonperiodic/abstract_hyperrectangular_distribution.py
index cac6e01c6..612f539cd 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/distributions/nonperiodic/abstract_hyperrectangular_distribution.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/distributions/nonperiodic/abstract_hyperrectangular_distribution.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
     AbstractBoundedNonPeriodicDistribution,
 )
 
-
 _ERROR_SCALAR_PDF_VALUE = (
     "pdf must return one finite scalar value per integration point"
 )
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/evaluation/generate_measurements.py b/src/pyrecest/evaluation/generate_measurements.py
index 5ca2a13bd..09cca80de 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/evaluation/generate_measurements.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/evaluation/generate_measurements.py
@@ -146,7 +146,9 @@ def generate_measurements(groundtruth, simulation_config):
                 y = _as_shapely_scalar(curr_groundtruth[..., 1], "groundtruth y")
                 curr_shape = translate(shape, xoff=x, yoff=y)
             elif curr_groundtruth.shape[-1] == 3:
-                angle = _as_shapely_scalar(curr_groundtruth[..., 0], "groundtruth angle")
+                angle = _as_shapely_scalar(
+                    curr_groundtruth[..., 0], "groundtruth angle"
+                )
                 x = _as_shapely_scalar(curr_groundtruth[..., 1], "groundtruth x")
                 y = _as_shapely_scalar(curr_groundtruth[..., 2], "groundtruth y")
                 curr_shape = rotate(
@@ -160,9 +162,7 @@ def generate_measurements(groundtruth, simulation_config):
                     "Currently only R^2 and SE(2) scenarios are supported."
                 )
             if not isinstance(curr_shape, PolygonWithSampling):
-                curr_shape.__class__ = (
-                    PolygonWithSampling  # Preserve existing subclass swap to add sampling methods
-                )
+                curr_shape.__class__ = PolygonWithSampling  # Preserve existing subclass swap to add sampling methods
 
             if "n_meas_at_individual_time_step" in simulation_config:
                 if "intensity_lambda" in simulation_config:
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/evaluation/pareto.py b/src/pyrecest/evaluation/pareto.py
index 680de95e3..6d793c7a2 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/evaluation/pareto.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/evaluation/pareto.py
@@ -361,7 +361,9 @@ def _coerce_numeric(value: Any) -> float:
     if value_array.shape != () or value_array.dtype.kind in "bSUcMm":
         return float("nan")
     scalar = value_array.item()
-    if isinstance(scalar, (bool, np.bool_, complex, np.complexfloating)) or _is_text_scalar(scalar):
+    if isinstance(
+        scalar, (bool, np.bool_, complex, np.complexfloating)
+    ) or _is_text_scalar(scalar):
         return float("nan")
     try:
         return float(scalar)
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/evidence.py b/src/pyrecest/evidence.py
index 46b00a575..2435b5eb5 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/evidence.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/evidence.py
@@ -61,7 +61,10 @@ class EvidenceComputationMode:
     metadata: dict[str, Any] | None = field(default_factory=dict)
 
     def __post_init__(self) -> None:
-        if not isinstance(self.mode, str) or self.mode not in {"full_smoothing", "evidence_only"}:
+        if not isinstance(self.mode, str) or self.mode not in {
+            "full_smoothing",
+            "evidence_only",
+        }:
             raise ValueError(f"unknown evidence computation mode {self.mode!r}")
         return_smoothed = _coerce_bool_flag(self.return_smoothed, "return_smoothed")
         terminal_posterior = _coerce_bool_flag(
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/experimental/dvs/normal_flow.py b/src/pyrecest/experimental/dvs/normal_flow.py
index 0d58fb979..0441bf0a5 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/experimental/dvs/normal_flow.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/experimental/dvs/normal_flow.py
@@ -57,7 +57,9 @@ def _has_non_real_numeric_values(value: object, *, allow_bool: bool = False) ->
     return array.dtype.kind in {"M", "m"}
 
 
-def _as_finite_real_array(name: str, value: object, *, allow_bool: bool = False) -> np.ndarray:
+def _as_finite_real_array(
+    name: str, value: object, *, allow_bool: bool = False
+) -> np.ndarray:
     message = f"{name} must contain finite real numeric values."
     if _has_non_real_numeric_values(value, allow_bool=allow_bool):
         raise ValueError(message)
@@ -70,7 +72,9 @@ def _as_finite_real_array(name: str, value: object, *, allow_bool: bool = False)
     return array
 
 
-def _as_finite_real_scalar(name: str, value: object, *, allow_bool: bool = False) -> float:
+def _as_finite_real_scalar(
+    name: str, value: object, *, allow_bool: bool = False
+) -> float:
     message = f"{name} must be a finite real scalar."
     try:
         array = _as_finite_real_array(name, value, allow_bool=allow_bool)
@@ -172,8 +176,12 @@ def infer_polarity_contrast_sign(
         return normalized
 
     tolerance = _as_finite_nonnegative_scalar("zero_tolerance", zero_tolerance)
-    flows = _as_finite_real_array("signed_normal_flows", signed_normal_flows).reshape((-1,))
-    polarities = _as_finite_real_array("event_polarities", event_polarities, allow_bool=True).reshape((-1,))
+    flows = _as_finite_real_array("signed_normal_flows", signed_normal_flows).reshape(
+        (-1,)
+    )
+    polarities = _as_finite_real_array(
+        "event_polarities", event_polarities, allow_bool=True
+    ).reshape((-1,))
     if flows.shape != polarities.shape:
         raise ValueError("event_polarities must have one value per signed normal flow")
 
@@ -234,7 +242,9 @@ def polarity_weight_for_signed_flow(
     zero_tolerance=1e-12,
 ) -> float:
     """Return a multiplicative reliability weight from polarity consistency."""
-    mismatch_weight = _as_unit_interval_scalar("polarity_mismatch_weight", polarity_mismatch_weight)
+    mismatch_weight = _as_unit_interval_scalar(
+        "polarity_mismatch_weight", polarity_mismatch_weight
+    )
     consistency = polarity_consistency_for_signed_flow(
         signed_normal_flow_value,
         event_polarity,
@@ -257,9 +267,15 @@ def polarity_weights_for_signed_flows(
     zero_tolerance=1e-12,
 ) -> np.ndarray:
     """Return polarity reliability weights for a batch of signed-flow samples."""
-    mismatch_weight = _as_unit_interval_scalar("polarity_mismatch_weight", polarity_mismatch_weight)
-    flows = _as_finite_real_array("signed_normal_flows", signed_normal_flows).reshape((-1,))
-    polarities = _as_finite_real_array("event_polarities", event_polarities, allow_bool=True).reshape((-1,))
+    mismatch_weight = _as_unit_interval_scalar(
+        "polarity_mismatch_weight", polarity_mismatch_weight
+    )
+    flows = _as_finite_real_array("signed_normal_flows", signed_normal_flows).reshape(
+        (-1,)
+    )
+    polarities = _as_finite_real_array(
+        "event_polarities", event_polarities, allow_bool=True
+    ).reshape((-1,))
     resolved_sign = infer_polarity_contrast_sign(
         flows,
         polarities,
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/filters/measurement_reliability.py b/src/pyrecest/filters/measurement_reliability.py
index 67bd9b335..f356836f4 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/filters/measurement_reliability.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/filters/measurement_reliability.py
@@ -48,7 +48,10 @@ def _is_real_numeric_object_value(value) -> bool:
         if kind is not None:
             return kind in {"i", "u", "f"}
         dtype_name = str(dtype).lower()
-        if any(token in dtype_name for token in ("bool", "complex", "str", "string", "object")):
+        if any(
+            token in dtype_name
+            for token in ("bool", "complex", "str", "string", "object")
+        ):
             return False
         if "float" in dtype_name or "int" in dtype_name:
             return True
@@ -81,7 +84,9 @@ def _has_real_numeric_dtype(value) -> bool:
     if kind is not None:
         return kind in {"i", "u", "f"}
     dtype_name = str(dtype).lower()
-    if any(token in dtype_name for token in ("bool", "complex", "str", "string", "object")):
+    if any(
+        token in dtype_name for token in ("bool", "complex", "str", "string", "object")
+    ):
         return False
     return "float" in dtype_name or "int" in dtype_name
 
@@ -236,4 +241,4 @@ def normalize_measurement_noise_covariances(
     shared_noise = as_covariance_matrix(noise, measurement_dim, name)
     if n_measurements == 0:
         return zeros(empty_shape)
-    return stack([shared_noise for _ in range(n_measurements)])
\ No newline at end of file
+    return stack([shared_noise for _ in range(n_measurements)])
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/filters/online_time_offset_estimator.py b/src/pyrecest/filters/online_time_offset_estimator.py
index ccc3916b9..c93838082 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/filters/online_time_offset_estimator.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/filters/online_time_offset_estimator.py
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 
-
 _UNSUPPORTED_NUMERIC_KINDS = {"b", "S", "U", "c", "M", "m"}
 _UNSUPPORTED_SCALAR_TYPES = (
     type(None),
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/filters/wrapped_normal_filter.py b/src/pyrecest/filters/wrapped_normal_filter.py
index 927ea9088..be919b71b 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/filters/wrapped_normal_filter.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/filters/wrapped_normal_filter.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 from .abstract_filter import AbstractFilter
 from .manifold_mixins import CircularFilterMixin
 
-
 _PROGRESSIVE_TAU_MESSAGE = "tau must be a positive finite scalar"
 
 
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/models/__init__.py b/src/pyrecest/models/__init__.py
index 315b7e90a..2ff3499c0 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/models/__init__.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/models/__init__.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 and capability-oriented so filters can opt into the pieces they need.
 """
 
+from ._sampleable_transition_validation import install_sampleable_transition_validation
 from ._validated_motion_models import nearly_coordinated_turn_model
 from .adapters import (
     LinearMeasurementArguments,
@@ -36,7 +37,6 @@
     SupportsTransitionDensity,
     SupportsTransitionSampling,
 )
-from ._sampleable_transition_validation import install_sampleable_transition_validation
 
 install_sampleable_transition_validation()
 
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/models/motion_models.py b/src/pyrecest/models/motion_models.py
index 740315e39..929959010 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/models/motion_models.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/models/motion_models.py
@@ -67,7 +67,10 @@ def _is_text_bool_or_complex(value: Any) -> bool:
 
 def _as_scalar_float(value: Any, name: str) -> float:
     value_array = np.asarray(value)
-    if value_array.shape != () or value_array.dtype.kind in _REJECTED_NUMERIC_ARRAY_KINDS:
+    if (
+        value_array.shape != ()
+        or value_array.dtype.kind in _REJECTED_NUMERIC_ARRAY_KINDS
+    ):
         raise ValueError(f"{name} must be a scalar number")
     scalar_value = value_array.item()
     if _is_text_bool_or_complex(scalar_value):
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/models/sensor_models.py b/src/pyrecest/models/sensor_models.py
index 9162f7469..59d5bf65e 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/models/sensor_models.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/models/sensor_models.py
@@ -47,7 +47,10 @@ def _state_vector(state):
 
 def _as_scalar_float(value: Any, name: str) -> float:
     value_array = np.asarray(value)
-    if value_array.shape != () or value_array.dtype.kind in _REJECTED_SCALAR_ARRAY_KINDS:
+    if (
+        value_array.shape != ()
+        or value_array.dtype.kind in _REJECTED_SCALAR_ARRAY_KINDS
+    ):
         raise ValueError(f"{name} must be a scalar number")
     scalar_value = value_array.item()
     if isinstance(scalar_value, _TEXT_OR_BOOL_SCALAR_TYPES) or isinstance(
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/models/weak_measurement.py b/src/pyrecest/models/weak_measurement.py
index 145a8b31f..f94771d9f 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/models/weak_measurement.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/models/weak_measurement.py
@@ -225,9 +225,7 @@ def _contains_non_real_numeric_values(value: Any) -> bool:
         return True
     if array.dtype.kind != "O":
         return False
-    return any(
-        isinstance(item, _NON_REAL_NUMERIC_SCALAR_TYPES) for item in array.flat
-    )
+    return any(isinstance(item, _NON_REAL_NUMERIC_SCALAR_TYPES) for item in array.flat)
 
 
 def _positive_int(value: int, name: str) -> int:
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/tracking/innovation_diagnostics.py b/src/pyrecest/tracking/innovation_diagnostics.py
index defd54fb1..d4fb0c36b 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/tracking/innovation_diagnostics.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/tracking/innovation_diagnostics.py
@@ -369,7 +369,9 @@ def _as_finite_real_array(value: Any, name: str) -> np.ndarray:
 
     if raw_values.dtype == np.bool_ or raw_values.dtype.kind in "USbcMm":
         raise ValueError(message)
-    if _contains_values_of_type(value, _INVALID_REAL_NUMERIC_TYPES) or _contains_values_of_type(raw_values, _INVALID_REAL_NUMERIC_TYPES):
+    if _contains_values_of_type(
+        value, _INVALID_REAL_NUMERIC_TYPES
+    ) or _contains_values_of_type(raw_values, _INVALID_REAL_NUMERIC_TYPES):
         raise ValueError(message)
 
     try:
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/utils/multisession_assignment_observation_costs.py b/src/pyrecest/utils/multisession_assignment_observation_costs.py
index 1c2c0dda3..4a9772b80 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/utils/multisession_assignment_observation_costs.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/utils/multisession_assignment_observation_costs.py
@@ -72,8 +72,7 @@ def _contains_non_real_cost(values: np.ndarray) -> bool:
         return True
     if values.dtype == object:
         return any(
-            isinstance(item, _INVALID_COST_SCALAR_TYPES)
-            for item in values.reshape(-1)
+            isinstance(item, _INVALID_COST_SCALAR_TYPES) for item in values.reshape(-1)
         )
     return False
 
@@ -357,4 +356,4 @@ def _transform_pairwise_costs(
     return transformed
 
 
-__all__ = ["solve_multisession_assignment_with_observation_costs"]
\ No newline at end of file
+__all__ = ["solve_multisession_assignment_with_observation_costs"]
diff --git a/src/pyrecest/utils/multisession_assignment_score.py b/src/pyrecest/utils/multisession_assignment_score.py
index 4c17e4af2..ab87602b9 100644
--- a/src/pyrecest/utils/multisession_assignment_score.py
+++ b/src/pyrecest/utils/multisession_assignment_score.py
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@
     solve_multisession_assignment,
 )
 
-
 _INVALID_SCORE_SCALAR_TYPES = (
     type(None),
     bool,
diff --git a/tests/backend/test_numpy_multinomial_real_pvals.py b/tests/backend/test_numpy_multinomial_real_pvals.py
index 16a1033db..45897d704 100644
--- a/tests/backend/test_numpy_multinomial_real_pvals.py
+++ b/tests/backend/test_numpy_multinomial_real_pvals.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
-
 from pyrecest._backend.numpy import random
 
 
diff --git a/tests/backend_support/test_pytorch_rotation_stub_contract.py b/tests/backend_support/test_pytorch_rotation_stub_contract.py
index aed8e4ad7..af52dc650 100644
--- a/tests/backend_support/test_pytorch_rotation_stub_contract.py
+++ b/tests/backend_support/test_pytorch_rotation_stub_contract.py
@@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ def test_pytorch_rotation_stub_exposes_matrix_methods_with_backend_error():
     from pyrecest._backend.pytorch.spatial import Rotation
 
     with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="Rotation.from_matrix is not supported"):
-        Rotation.from_matrix(
-            [[1.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]]
-        )
+        Rotation.from_matrix([[1.0, 0.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]])
 
     rotation = object.__new__(Rotation)
     with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="Rotation.as_matrix is not supported"):
diff --git a/tests/calibration/test_bias_complex_input_validation.py b/tests/calibration/test_bias_complex_input_validation.py
index 476ea9579..77ea9456f 100644
--- a/tests/calibration/test_bias_complex_input_validation.py
+++ b/tests/calibration/test_bias_complex_input_validation.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import unittest
 
 import numpy as np
-
 from pyrecest.calibration.bias import (
     SensorBiasCorrectionModel,
     make_bias_training_examples,
diff --git a/tests/calibration/test_time_offset_aggregate_validation.py b/tests/calibration/test_time_offset_aggregate_validation.py
index f3c8b16cf..139daad35 100644
--- a/tests/calibration/test_time_offset_aggregate_validation.py
+++ b/tests/calibration/test_time_offset_aggregate_validation.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import numpy.testing as npt
-
 from pyrecest.calibration import aggregate_time_offset_sweeps
 from pyrecest.calibration.time_offset import (
     aggregate_time_offset_sweeps as aggregate_time_offset_sweeps_from_module,
diff --git a/tests/calibration/test_time_offset_metric_validation.py b/tests/calibration/test_time_offset_metric_validation.py
index e62ffd625..8da70fb87 100644
--- a/tests/calibration/test_time_offset_metric_validation.py
+++ b/tests/calibration/test_time_offset_metric_validation.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import numpy.testing as npt
-
 from pyrecest.calibration.time_offset import fit_time_offset
 
 
diff --git a/tests/distributions/test_abstract_grid_distribution.py b/tests/distributions/test_abstract_grid_distribution.py
index 9044ca230..1180f4005 100644
--- a/tests/distributions/test_abstract_grid_distribution.py
+++ b/tests/distributions/test_abstract_grid_distribution.py
@@ -49,15 +49,11 @@ def test_constructor_rejects_grid_dimension_mismatch(self):
 
     def test_constructor_rejects_one_dimensional_grid_for_multidimensional_space(self):
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "dimension 2"):
-            DummyGridDistribution(
-                array([1.0, 1.0]), grid=array([0.0, 1.0]), dim=2
-            )
+            DummyGridDistribution(array([1.0, 1.0]), grid=array([0.0, 1.0]), dim=2)
 
     def test_constructor_rejects_higher_rank_grid_coordinates(self):
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "one- or two-dimensional"):
-            DummyGridDistribution(
-                array([1.0, 1.0]), grid=array([[[0.0]], [[1.0]]])
-            )
+            DummyGridDistribution(array([1.0, 1.0]), grid=array([[[0.0]], [[1.0]]]))
 
     def test_integrate_rejects_custom_boundaries(self):
         dist = DummyGridDistribution(array([1.0, 1.0]))
diff --git a/tests/distributions/test_circular_grid_scalar_sinc_pdf.py b/tests/distributions/test_circular_grid_scalar_sinc_pdf.py
index c4b16acfb..bac1b0e89 100644
--- a/tests/distributions/test_circular_grid_scalar_sinc_pdf.py
+++ b/tests/distributions/test_circular_grid_scalar_sinc_pdf.py
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 import unittest
 
 from pyrecest.backend import array, pi
-from pyrecest.distributions.circle.circular_grid_distribution import CircularGridDistribution
+from pyrecest.distributions.circle.circular_grid_distribution import (
+    CircularGridDistribution,
+)
 
 
 class CircularGridScalarSincPdfTest(unittest.TestCase):
diff --git a/tests/distributions/test_circular_mixture.py b/tests/distributions/test_circular_mixture.py
index b9329f299..c7071086e 100644
--- a/tests/distributions/test_circular_mixture.py
+++ b/tests/distributions/test_circular_mixture.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import numpy.testing as npt
-
 import pyrecest.backend
 
 # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module,no-member
diff --git a/tests/distributions/test_hyperrectangular_integration_validation.py b/tests/distributions/test_hyperrectangular_integration_validation.py
index 9e0236de3..3a96c2075 100644
--- a/tests/distributions/test_hyperrectangular_integration_validation.py
+++ b/tests/distributions/test_hyperrectangular_integration_validation.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
-
 from pyrecest.distributions.nonperiodic.hyperrectangular_uniform_distribution import (
     HyperrectangularUniformDistribution,
 )
diff --git a/tests/distributions/test_linear_mixture.py b/tests/distributions/test_linear_mixture.py
index 22d8a9d0b..8963e7728 100644
--- a/tests/distributions/test_linear_mixture.py
+++ b/tests/distributions/test_linear_mixture.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import numpy.testing as npt
-
 import pyrecest.backend
 
 # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module,no-member
diff --git a/tests/evaluation/test_distance_registry_normalization.py b/tests/evaluation/test_distance_registry_normalization.py
index 08f5b689e..f96cf638a 100644
--- a/tests/evaluation/test_distance_registry_normalization.py
+++ b/tests/evaluation/test_distance_registry_normalization.py
@@ -14,5 +14,13 @@ def test_custom_distance_registry_strips_names_for_registration_and_lookup():
 
     assert "unit-test-distance-trimmed" in available_distance_functions()
     assert "  unit-test-distance-trimmed  " not in available_distance_functions()
-    assert get_distance_function("unit-test-distance-trimmed")(array([0.0]), array([1.0])) == 13.0
-    assert get_distance_function("  unit-test-distance-trimmed  ")(array([0.0]), array([1.0])) == 13.0
+    assert (
+        get_distance_function("unit-test-distance-trimmed")(array([0.0]), array([1.0]))
+        == 13.0
+    )
+    assert (
+        get_distance_function("  unit-test-distance-trimmed  ")(
+            array([0.0]), array([1.0])
+        )
+        == 13.0
+    )
diff --git a/tests/evaluation/test_pareto_objective_scalar_validation.py b/tests/evaluation/test_pareto_objective_scalar_validation.py
index 251ce28e1..a79261f86 100644
--- a/tests/evaluation/test_pareto_objective_scalar_validation.py
+++ b/tests/evaluation/test_pareto_objective_scalar_validation.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import pandas as pd
-
 from pyrecest.evaluation import is_pareto_front, pareto_front_indices, record_dominates
 
 
diff --git a/tests/experimental/test_dvs_event_likelihood_counts.py b/tests/experimental/test_dvs_event_likelihood_counts.py
index 731af47dd..067223481 100644
--- a/tests/experimental/test_dvs_event_likelihood_counts.py
+++ b/tests/experimental/test_dvs_event_likelihood_counts.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import unittest
 
 import numpy as np
-
 from pyrecest.experimental.dvs.event_likelihood import PointProcessUpdateConfig
 
 
diff --git a/tests/experimental/test_dvs_normal_flow.py b/tests/experimental/test_dvs_normal_flow.py
index dc965927a..613445b06 100644
--- a/tests/experimental/test_dvs_normal_flow.py
+++ b/tests/experimental/test_dvs_normal_flow.py
@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ def test_signed_scalar_sign_rejects_invalid_values(bad_value):
         signed_scalar_sign(bad_value)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize("bad_tolerance", [-1e-12, np.nan, np.inf, "1e-12", 1e-12 + 0.0j])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "bad_tolerance", [-1e-12, np.nan, np.inf, "1e-12", 1e-12 + 0.0j]
+)
 def test_signed_scalar_sign_rejects_invalid_zero_tolerance(bad_tolerance):
     with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="zero_tolerance"):
         signed_scalar_sign(1.0, zero_tolerance=bad_tolerance)
@@ -108,7 +110,9 @@ def test_polarity_consistency_and_weight_for_signed_flow():
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("bad_weight", [np.nan, np.inf, "0.5", 0.5 + 0.0j, -0.1, 1.1])
 def test_polarity_weight_rejects_invalid_mismatch_weight(bad_weight):
     with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="polarity_mismatch_weight"):
-        polarity_weight_for_signed_flow(1.0, 0.0, 1.0, polarity_mismatch_weight=bad_weight)
+        polarity_weight_for_signed_flow(
+            1.0, 0.0, 1.0, polarity_mismatch_weight=bad_weight
+        )
 
 
 def test_polarity_weights_for_signed_flows_resolves_batch_sign():
@@ -122,4 +126,6 @@ def test_polarity_weights_for_signed_flows_resolves_batch_sign():
 
 def test_polarity_weights_for_signed_flows_rejects_invalid_mismatch_weight_when_disabled():
     with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="polarity_mismatch_weight"):
-        polarity_weights_for_signed_flows([1.0], [1.0], None, polarity_mismatch_weight=np.nan)
+        polarity_weights_for_signed_flows(
+            [1.0], [1.0], None, polarity_mismatch_weight=np.nan
+        )
diff --git a/tests/filters/test_abstract_extended_object_tracker.py b/tests/filters/test_abstract_extended_object_tracker.py
index 227854ce7..ece376f35 100644
--- a/tests/filters/test_abstract_extended_object_tracker.py
+++ b/tests/filters/test_abstract_extended_object_tracker.py
@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@
 
 # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module,no-member
 from pyrecest.backend import array, eye
-from pyrecest.filters.abstract_extended_object_tracker import AbstractExtendedObjectTracker
+from pyrecest.filters.abstract_extended_object_tracker import (
+    AbstractExtendedObjectTracker,
+)
 
 
 class _MinimalExtendedObjectTracker(AbstractExtendedObjectTracker):
diff --git a/tests/filters/test_gaussian_mixture_phd_filter_dimensions.py b/tests/filters/test_gaussian_mixture_phd_filter_dimensions.py
index ca3eda81a..77060b3e2 100644
--- a/tests/filters/test_gaussian_mixture_phd_filter_dimensions.py
+++ b/tests/filters/test_gaussian_mixture_phd_filter_dimensions.py
@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@
 )
 class TestGaussianMixturePHDFilterDimensions(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_constructor_rejects_mismatched_birth_dimension(self):
-        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Birth components must have dimension 2"):
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+            ValueError, "Birth components must have dimension 2"
+        ):
             GaussianMixturePHDFilter(
                 initial_components=[GaussianDistribution(array([0.0, 0.0]), eye(2))],
                 initial_weights=array([0.8]),
@@ -32,7 +34,9 @@ def test_set_birth_model_rejects_mismatched_dimension(self):
             log_posterior_estimates=False,
         )
 
-        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Birth components must have dimension 2"):
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+            ValueError, "Birth components must have dimension 2"
+        ):
             tracker.set_birth_model(
                 [GaussianDistribution(array([5.0, 5.0, 0.0]), eye(3))],
                 array([0.2]),
@@ -46,7 +50,9 @@ def test_predict_linear_rejects_mismatched_temporary_birth_dimension(self):
             log_posterior_estimates=False,
         )
 
-        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Birth components must have dimension 2"):
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+            ValueError, "Birth components must have dimension 2"
+        ):
             tracker.predict_linear(
                 eye(2),
                 0.1 * eye(2),
diff --git a/tests/filters/test_gnn_pairwise_cost_validation.py b/tests/filters/test_gnn_pairwise_cost_validation.py
index 2c58add7a..2d0ee463f 100644
--- a/tests/filters/test_gnn_pairwise_cost_validation.py
+++ b/tests/filters/test_gnn_pairwise_cost_validation.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import unittest
 
 import numpy as np
-
 from pyrecest.filters.global_nearest_neighbor import GlobalNearestNeighbor
 
 
diff --git a/tests/filters/test_measurement_reliability_object_weights.py b/tests/filters/test_measurement_reliability_object_weights.py
index 366559fd4..df98d9b32 100644
--- a/tests/filters/test_measurement_reliability_object_weights.py
+++ b/tests/filters/test_measurement_reliability_object_weights.py
@@ -34,4 +34,4 @@ def test_object_weight_inputs_still_reject_non_real_values(self):
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    unittest.main()
\ No newline at end of file
+    unittest.main()
diff --git a/tests/filters/test_measurement_scoring.py b/tests/filters/test_measurement_scoring.py
index 083dbcf58..bfd63d276 100644
--- a/tests/filters/test_measurement_scoring.py
+++ b/tests/filters/test_measurement_scoring.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import numpy as np
-
 from pyrecest.filters.measurement_scoring import MeasurementScore
 
 
diff --git a/tests/filters/test_update_diagnostics_validation.py b/tests/filters/test_update_diagnostics_validation.py
index cb02e33bd..4bacc3234 100644
--- a/tests/filters/test_update_diagnostics_validation.py
+++ b/tests/filters/test_update_diagnostics_validation.py
@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ def test_active_measurement_indices_must_fit_measurement_count():
         ValueError,
         match="active_measurement_indices.*measurement_count",
     ):
-        MeasurementUpdateDiagnostics(active_measurement_indices=(0, 2), measurement_count=2)
+        MeasurementUpdateDiagnostics(
+            active_measurement_indices=(0, 2), measurement_count=2
+        )
 
 
 def test_measurement_count_rejects_non_integer_values():
diff --git a/tests/models/test_linear_gaussian_models.py b/tests/models/test_linear_gaussian_models.py
index 37df6ae28..dc19c8369 100644
--- a/tests/models/test_linear_gaussian_models.py
+++ b/tests/models/test_linear_gaussian_models.py
@@ -70,7 +70,17 @@ def test_identity_models(self):
         )
 
     def test_identity_models_reject_invalid_dimensions(self):
-        invalid_dims = (True, False, 0, -1, 1.5, float("inf"), "2", b"2", bytearray(b"2"))
+        invalid_dims = (
+            True,
+            False,
+            0,
+            -1,
+            1.5,
+            float("inf"),
+            "2",
+            b"2",
+            bytearray(b"2"),
+        )
 
         for dim in invalid_dims:
             with self.subTest(model="transition", dim=dim):
diff --git a/tests/models/test_sampleable_transition_vectorization_validation.py b/tests/models/test_sampleable_transition_vectorization_validation.py
index fe59cae73..1a57a1f8f 100644
--- a/tests/models/test_sampleable_transition_vectorization_validation.py
+++ b/tests/models/test_sampleable_transition_vectorization_validation.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import pytest
-
 from pyrecest.models.likelihood import SampleableTransitionModel
 
 
diff --git a/tests/models/test_weak_measurement_nonreal_inputs.py b/tests/models/test_weak_measurement_nonreal_inputs.py
index 0fa01717c..55e470b7b 100644
--- a/tests/models/test_weak_measurement_nonreal_inputs.py
+++ b/tests/models/test_weak_measurement_nonreal_inputs.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
-
 from pyrecest.models import (
     MaskedLinearMeasurementModel,
     WeakDimensionMeasurementModel,
@@ -12,7 +11,6 @@
     diagonal_measurement_covariance,
 )
 
-
 _NON_REAL_STD_CASES = (
     [1.0 + 0.0j],
     [np.complex128(1.0 + 0.0j)],
diff --git a/tests/sampling/test_support_points.py b/tests/sampling/test_support_points.py
index 6ccb4a79f..dbaf7da67 100644
--- a/tests/sampling/test_support_points.py
+++ b/tests/sampling/test_support_points.py
@@ -52,7 +52,9 @@ def test_support_points_from_axis_offsets_supports_batches() -> None:
 
 
 def test_support_points_from_axis_offsets_can_omit_center() -> None:
-    support = support_points_from_axis_offsets([0.0, 0.0], np.eye(2), include_center=False)
+    support = support_points_from_axis_offsets(
+        [0.0, 0.0], np.eye(2), include_center=False
+    )
 
     assert support.shape == (4, 2)
     assert np.allclose(support, [[1.0, 0.0], [-1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0], [0.0, -1.0]])
diff --git a/tests/test_backend_default_dtype_like_values.py b/tests/test_backend_default_dtype_like_values.py
index 0f31a41f1..d5727bb2c 100644
--- a/tests/test_backend_default_dtype_like_values.py
+++ b/tests/test_backend_default_dtype_like_values.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
-
 from pyrecest._backend import numpy as numpy_backend
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_backend_sum_contract.py b/tests/test_backend_sum_contract.py
index 1732317e2..f76c7e7fe 100644
--- a/tests/test_backend_sum_contract.py
+++ b/tests/test_backend_sum_contract.py
@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ def test_convert_to_wider_dtype_matches_numpy_result_type_for_mixed_dtypes():
     expected_dtype = np.result_type(np.dtype("int64"), np.dtype("float32"))
     assert backend.to_numpy(first).dtype == expected_dtype
     assert backend.to_numpy(second).dtype == expected_dtype
-    np.testing.assert_allclose(backend.to_numpy(first), np.array([1], dtype=expected_dtype))
+    np.testing.assert_allclose(
+        backend.to_numpy(first), np.array([1], dtype=expected_dtype)
+    )
     np.testing.assert_allclose(
         backend.to_numpy(second), np.array([1.5], dtype=expected_dtype)
     )
diff --git a/tests/test_backend_support_public.py b/tests/test_backend_support_public.py
index fb678ff48..cd3aeaddd 100644
--- a/tests/test_backend_support_public.py
+++ b/tests/test_backend_support_public.py
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 )
 from pyrecest._backend.capabilities import BACKEND_SUPPORT_LEVELS
 
-
 backend_support_module = import_module("pyrecest.backend_support")
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_benchmark_regression_script.py b/tests/test_benchmark_regression_script.py
index 41c06189c..889514d4c 100644
--- a/tests/test_benchmark_regression_script.py
+++ b/tests/test_benchmark_regression_script.py
@@ -52,11 +52,16 @@ def test_benchmark_regression_rejects_boolean_elapsed(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     )
 
     assert completed.returncode == 1
-    assert "::error::linear_kalman.elapsed_seconds must be numeric, not boolean" in completed.stdout
+    assert (
+        "::error::linear_kalman.elapsed_seconds must be numeric, not boolean"
+        in completed.stdout
+    )
     assert "Traceback" not in completed.stderr
 
 
-def test_benchmark_regression_rejects_text_elapsed_without_traceback(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+def test_benchmark_regression_rejects_text_elapsed_without_traceback(
+    tmp_path: Path,
+) -> None:
     completed = _run_checker(
         tmp_path,
         actual_entry={
@@ -74,7 +79,10 @@ def test_benchmark_regression_rejects_text_elapsed_without_traceback(tmp_path: P
     )
 
     assert completed.returncode == 1
-    assert "::error::linear_kalman.elapsed_seconds must be numeric, got '0.01'" in completed.stdout
+    assert (
+        "::error::linear_kalman.elapsed_seconds must be numeric, got '0.01'"
+        in completed.stdout
+    )
     assert "Traceback" not in completed.stderr
 
 
@@ -96,11 +104,16 @@ def test_benchmark_regression_rejects_text_iterations(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     )
 
     assert completed.returncode == 1
-    assert "::error::linear_kalman.iterations must be an integer, got '200'" in completed.stdout
+    assert (
+        "::error::linear_kalman.iterations must be an integer, got '200'"
+        in completed.stdout
+    )
     assert "Traceback" not in completed.stderr
 
 
-def test_benchmark_regression_reports_invalid_final_estimate_without_traceback(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+def test_benchmark_regression_reports_invalid_final_estimate_without_traceback(
+    tmp_path: Path,
+) -> None:
     completed = _run_checker(
         tmp_path,
         actual_entry={
@@ -118,5 +131,8 @@ def test_benchmark_regression_reports_invalid_final_estimate_without_traceback(t
     )
 
     assert completed.returncode == 1
-    assert "::error::linear_kalman.final_estimate[1] must be numeric, not boolean" in completed.stdout
+    assert (
+        "::error::linear_kalman.final_estimate[1] must be numeric, not boolean"
+        in completed.stdout
+    )
     assert "Traceback" not in completed.stderr
diff --git a/tests/test_candidate_pruning_temporal_validation.py b/tests/test_candidate_pruning_temporal_validation.py
index bacdde405..9bd341044 100644
--- a/tests/test_candidate_pruning_temporal_validation.py
+++ b/tests/test_candidate_pruning_temporal_validation.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import unittest
 
 import numpy as np
-
 from pyrecest.utils import (
     CandidatePruningConfig,
     candidate_mask_from_costs,
@@ -21,7 +20,9 @@ def test_cost_matrix_rejects_datetime_and_timedelta_entries(self):
         for function in (candidate_mask_from_costs, prune_pairwise_cost_matrix):
             for matrix in invalid_matrices:
                 with self.subTest(function=function.__name__, dtype=str(matrix.dtype)):
-                    with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "cost_matrix must be numeric"):
+                    with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+                        ValueError, "cost_matrix must be numeric"
+                    ):
                         function(matrix)
 
     def test_probability_matrix_rejects_datetime_and_timedelta_entries(self):
@@ -35,7 +36,9 @@ def test_probability_matrix_rejects_datetime_and_timedelta_entries(self):
 
         for probabilities in invalid_probability_matrices:
             with self.subTest(dtype=str(probabilities.dtype)):
-                with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "probability_matrix must be numeric"):
+                with self.assertRaisesRegex(
+                    ValueError, "probability_matrix must be numeric"
+                ):
                     candidate_mask_from_costs(
                         np.array([[1.0]]),
                         probability_matrix=probabilities,
diff --git a/tests/test_cli_expected_mapping.py b/tests/test_cli_expected_mapping.py
index 988b56d0b..60994621e 100644
--- a/tests/test_cli_expected_mapping.py
+++ b/tests/test_cli_expected_mapping.py
@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ def test_expected_mapping_reports_nonnumeric_actual_instead_of_raising():
         tolerance=1e-8,
     )
 
-    assert errors == ["metrics.rmse mismatch: expected finite numeric 1.0, got 'not-a-number'"]
+    assert errors == [
+        "metrics.rmse mismatch: expected finite numeric 1.0, got 'not-a-number'"
+    ]
 
 
 def test_expected_mapping_compares_boolean_expected_values_exactly():
diff --git a/tests/test_dynamic_models.py b/tests/test_dynamic_models.py
index ff9aaa955..6566660c0 100644
--- a/tests/test_dynamic_models.py
+++ b/tests/test_dynamic_models.py
@@ -110,7 +110,10 @@ def test_process_noise_rejects_invalid_parameters(self):
             {"spectral_density": True, "message": "spectral_density"},
             {"spectral_density": "1.0", "message": "spectral_density"},
             {"spectral_density": ["1.0", "2.0"], "message": "spectral_density"},
-            {"spectral_density": np.array([True, False], dtype=object), "message": "spectral_density"},
+            {
+                "spectral_density": np.array([True, False], dtype=object),
+                "message": "spectral_density",
+            },
             {
                 "spectral_density": np.array([1.0, np.nan]),
                 "message": "spectral_density",
diff --git a/tests/test_multisession_assignment_observation_cost_type_validation.py b/tests/test_multisession_assignment_observation_cost_type_validation.py
index d5c1ddeed..b056eee72 100644
--- a/tests/test_multisession_assignment_observation_cost_type_validation.py
+++ b/tests/test_multisession_assignment_observation_cost_type_validation.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 import unittest
 
 import numpy as np
-
 from pyrecest.backend import (  # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module
     __backend_name__,
     array,
diff --git a/tests/test_numpy_backend_dynamic_dtype.py b/tests/test_numpy_backend_dynamic_dtype.py
index 68a03ca9a..debe92071 100644
--- a/tests/test_numpy_backend_dynamic_dtype.py
+++ b/tests/test_numpy_backend_dynamic_dtype.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import numpy as np
-
-from pyrecest._backend import _backend_config, numpy as numpy_backend
+from pyrecest._backend import _backend_config
+from pyrecest._backend import numpy as numpy_backend
 
 
 def test_dynamic_dtype_preserves_explicit_positional_dtype_for_zeros():
@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@ def test_dynamic_dtype_uses_default_dtype_for_omitted_or_none_dtype():
         _backend_config.DEFAULT_DTYPE = expected_dtype
         assert numpy_backend.zeros((2,)).dtype == expected_dtype
         assert numpy_backend.empty((2,), None).dtype == expected_dtype
-        assert numpy_backend.linspace(0.0, 1.0, 3, True, False, None).dtype == expected_dtype
+        assert (
+            numpy_backend.linspace(0.0, 1.0, 3, True, False, None).dtype
+            == expected_dtype
+        )
     finally:
         _backend_config.DEFAULT_DTYPE = previous_dtype
diff --git a/tests/test_numpy_backend_zeros_dtype.py b/tests/test_numpy_backend_zeros_dtype.py
index 25019cc9d..2e756a793 100644
--- a/tests/test_numpy_backend_zeros_dtype.py
+++ b/tests/test_numpy_backend_zeros_dtype.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
-
 from pyrecest._backend import numpy as numpy_backend
 from tests.support.backend_runner import run_backend_code
 
diff --git a/tests/test_reproducibility.py b/tests/test_reproducibility.py
index 2787a57ec..d9b989639 100644
--- a/tests/test_reproducibility.py
+++ b/tests/test_reproducibility.py
@@ -6,7 +6,13 @@
 
 class ReproducibilityValidationTest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_normalize_seed_rejects_text_values(self):
-        for value in ("1", np.array("1"), bytes([49]), bytearray([49]), np.bytes_(bytes([49]))):
+        for value in (
+            "1",
+            np.array("1"),
+            bytes([49]),
+            bytearray([49]),
+            np.bytes_(bytes([49])),
+        ):
             with self.subTest(value=repr(value)):
                 with self.assertRaisesRegex(
                     ValueError,
diff --git a/tests/test_scenario_type_validation.py b/tests/test_scenario_type_validation.py
index 719a3f055..e79c167de 100644
--- a/tests/test_scenario_type_validation.py
+++ b/tests/test_scenario_type_validation.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import pytest
-
 from pyrecest import scenarios
 
 
@@ -27,7 +26,9 @@ def runner(_path):
     try:
         assert scenarios.register_scenario_runner(f"  {name}\t", runner) is runner
         assert name in scenarios.available_scenario_types()
-        assert f"  {name}\t" not in scenarios._SCENARIO_RUNNERS  # pylint: disable=protected-access
+        assert (
+            f"  {name}\t" not in scenarios._SCENARIO_RUNNERS
+        )  # pylint: disable=protected-access
 
         with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="already registered"):
             scenarios.register_scenario_runner(name, runner)
@@ -38,8 +39,7 @@ def runner(_path):
 def test_run_scenario_rejects_unhashable_scenario_type(tmp_path):
     scenario_path = tmp_path / "bad_scenario.toml"
     scenario_path.write_text(
-        "[scenario]\n"
-        'type = ["linear_gaussian"]\n',
+        "[scenario]\n" 'type = ["linear_gaussian"]\n',
         encoding="utf-8",
     )
 
diff --git a/tests/test_scenarios.py b/tests/test_scenarios.py
index 090117cc3..cd926a58a 100644
--- a/tests/test_scenarios.py
+++ b/tests/test_scenarios.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
-
 from pyrecest.scenarios import load_scenario_config, run_scenario
 
 SCENARIO = Path("scenarios/linear_gaussian_cv_1d/config.toml")
diff --git a/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_empty_split.py b/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_empty_split.py
index 1f4819fd6..9c6e9283d 100644
--- a/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_empty_split.py
+++ b/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_empty_split.py
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 """Regression tests for empty split-track edits."""
 
-from pyrecest.utils.track_edit_whatif import TrackEdit, apply_track_edit, score_track_edit_delta
+from pyrecest.utils.track_edit_whatif import (
+    TrackEdit,
+    apply_track_edit,
+    score_track_edit_delta,
+)
 
 
 def test_split_track_rejects_empty_track() -> None:
diff --git a/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_index_validation.py b/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_index_validation.py
index 169b4024a..037038ce4 100644
--- a/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_index_validation.py
+++ b/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_index_validation.py
@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
 """Validation tests for track-edit what-if selector indices."""
 
 import pytest
-
-from pyrecest.utils.track_edit_whatif import TrackEdit, apply_track_edit, score_track_edit_delta
+from pyrecest.utils.track_edit_whatif import (
+    TrackEdit,
+    apply_track_edit,
+    score_track_edit_delta,
+)
 
 
 def test_add_link_rejects_invalid_link_fields() -> None:
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="target_observation must be a non-negative integer"):
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError, match="target_observation must be a non-negative integer"
+    ):
         apply_track_edit(
             [[1, None]],
             TrackEdit(
@@ -40,8 +45,14 @@ def test_score_rejects_invalid_session_selectors() -> None:
         target_observation=2,
     )
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="complete_session_indices must be a non-negative integer"):
-        score_track_edit_delta([[1, 2]], [[1, 2]], edit, complete_session_indices=[0, 1.5])
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError, match="complete_session_indices must be a non-negative integer"
+    ):
+        score_track_edit_delta(
+            [[1, 2]], [[1, 2]], edit, complete_session_indices=[0, 1.5]
+        )
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="session_pairs must be a non-negative integer"):
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError, match="session_pairs must be a non-negative integer"
+    ):
         score_track_edit_delta([[1, 2]], [[1, 2]], edit, session_pairs=[(bool(0), 1)])
diff --git a/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_metadata_validation.py b/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_metadata_validation.py
index face93ea7..0a4faabba 100644
--- a/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_metadata_validation.py
+++ b/tests/test_track_edit_whatif_metadata_validation.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 """Regression tests for track-edit metadata selector validation."""
 
 import pytest
-
 from pyrecest.utils.track_edit_whatif import TrackEdit, apply_track_edit
 
 
@@ -15,7 +14,9 @@ def test_remove_link_rejects_fractional_occurrence_index() -> None:
         metadata={"occurrence_index": 0.5},
     )
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="metadata\['occurrence_index'\] must be an integer"):
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError, match="metadata\['occurrence_index'\] must be an integer"
+    ):
         apply_track_edit([[1, 2], [1, 2]], edit)
 
 
@@ -32,7 +33,10 @@ def test_swap_link_rejects_boolean_removed_observation() -> None:
         },
     )
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="metadata\['remove_source_observation'\] must be a non-negative integer"):
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError,
+        match="metadata\['remove_source_observation'\] must be a non-negative integer",
+    ):
         apply_track_edit([[1, 2]], edit)
 
 
@@ -43,5 +47,7 @@ def test_merge_tracks_rejects_text_other_track_index() -> None:
         metadata={"other_track_index": "1"},
     )
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="metadata\['other_track_index'\] must be an integer"):
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError, match="metadata\['other_track_index'\] must be an integer"
+    ):
         apply_track_edit([[1, None], [None, 2]], edit)
diff --git a/tests/test_track_evaluation_session_validation.py b/tests/test_track_evaluation_session_validation.py
index afa57f1f0..70b5793bd 100644
--- a/tests/test_track_evaluation_session_validation.py
+++ b/tests/test_track_evaluation_session_validation.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 import unittest
 
 import numpy as np
-
 from pyrecest.utils.track_evaluation import (
     complete_track_set,
     score_complete_tracks,
diff --git a/tests/tracking/test_innovation_diagnostics.py b/tests/tracking/test_innovation_diagnostics.py
index 1c2dae594..bf2011dab 100644
--- a/tests/tracking/test_innovation_diagnostics.py
+++ b/tests/tracking/test_innovation_diagnostics.py
@@ -89,7 +89,9 @@ def test_innovation_diagnostic_rejects_non_real_residual_values(bad_residual) ->
         [[None]],
     ),
 )
-def test_innovation_diagnostic_rejects_non_real_covariance_values(bad_covariance) -> None:
+def test_innovation_diagnostic_rejects_non_real_covariance_values(
+    bad_covariance,
+) -> None:
     with pytest.raises(
         ValueError,
         match="innovation_covariance must contain finite real numeric values",
diff --git a/tests/utils/test_association_features_probability_validation.py b/tests/utils/test_association_features_probability_validation.py
index 63b21a4bf..2aa20d745 100644
--- a/tests/utils/test_association_features_probability_validation.py
+++ b/tests/utils/test_association_features_probability_validation.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import numpy as np
 import pytest
-
 from pyrecest.utils.association_features import CalibratedPairwiseAssociationModel
 
 
@@ -46,7 +45,9 @@ def test_predict_match_probability_rejects_non_real_probability_values(probabili
         feature_names=["distance"],
     )
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="predicted probabilities must be real numeric"):
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError, match="predicted probabilities must be real numeric"
+    ):
         model.predict_match_probability(np.array([[0.0], [1.0]]))
 
 
@@ -56,7 +57,9 @@ def test_predict_proba_rejects_non_real_probabilities_before_class_selection():
         feature_names=["distance"],
     )
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="predicted probabilities must be real numeric"):
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError, match="predicted probabilities must be real numeric"
+    ):
         model.predict_match_probability(np.array([[0.0]]))
 
 
@@ -66,5 +69,7 @@ def test_pairwise_cost_model_rejects_temporal_cost_values():
         feature_names=["distance"],
     )
 
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="predicted pairwise costs must be real numeric"):
+    with pytest.raises(
+        ValueError, match="predicted pairwise costs must be real numeric"
+    ):
         model.predict_match_probability(np.array([[0.0]]))