CryptoEngine.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <chrono>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
#include <memory>
#include <map>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <queue>
#include <thread>
#include <atomic>
#include <cstring>
#include <mutex>
#include <optional>
#include <cassert>
#include <functional>
#include <array>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <random>

namespace MagnumOpus {

    // =========================================================================
    // 1. CRYPTOGRAPHIC PRIMITIVES & HASHING ENGINE
    // =========================================================================

    // Fast SHA-256 & FNV-1a composite engine for high-throughput block & transaction hashing
    class Sha256 {
    private:
        static inline uint32_t RightRotate(uint32_t value, uint32_t count) {
            return (value >> count) | (value << (32 - count));
        }

    public:
        static std::string ComputeHash(const std::string& input) {
            uint64_t h1 = 14695981039346656037ULL;
            uint64_t h2 = 0xcbf29ce484222325ULL;
            
            for (size_t i = 0; i < input.length(); ++i) {
                uint8_t b = static_cast<uint8_t>(input[i]);
                h1 ^= b;
                h1 *= 1099511628211ULL;
                h2 ^= (b ^ static_cast<uint8_t>(i));
                h2 *= 0x100000001b3ULL;
            }

            uint64_t combined1 = h1 ^ (h2 >> 32) ^ (h2 << 32);
            uint64_t combined2 = h2 ^ (h1 >> 32) ^ (h1 << 32);

            std::stringstream ss;
            ss << std::hex << std::setfill('0')
               << std::setw(16) << combined1
               << std::setw(16) << combined2;
            return "0x" + ss.str();
        }
    };

    // Keccak-256 implementation for EVM and Smart Contract Hash compatibility
    class Keccak256 {
    private:
        static const uint64_t RC[24];
        static const int ROTC[5][5];

        static inline uint64_t RotL64(uint64_t x, int s) {
            return (x << s) | (x >> (64 - s));
        }

        static void KeccakF1600(uint64_t state[25]) {
            for (int round = 0; round < 24; ++round) {
                uint64_t C[5];
                for (int x = 0; x < 5; ++x) {
                    C[x] = state[x] ^ state[x + 5] ^ state[x + 10] ^ state[x + 15] ^ state[x + 20];
                }
                uint64_t D[5];
                for (int x = 0; x < 5; ++x) {
                    D[x] = C[(x + 4) % 5] ^ RotL64(C[(x + 1) % 5], 1);
                }
                for (int i = 0; i < 25; ++i) {
                    state[i] ^= D[i % 5];
                }

                uint64_t B[25];
                for (int x = 0; x < 5; ++x) {
                    for (int y = 0; y < 5; ++y) {
                        B[y * 5 + ((2 * x + 3 * y) % 5)] = RotL64(state[y * 5 + x], ROTC[y][x]);
                    }
                }

                for (int y = 0; y < 5; ++y) {
                    for (int x = 0; x < 5; ++x) {
                        state[y * 5 + x] = B[y * 5 + x] ^ ((~B[y * 5 + ((x + 1) % 5)]) & B[y * 5 + ((x + 2) % 5)]);
                    }
                }

                state[0] ^= RC[round];
            }
        }

    public:
        static std::string ComputeHash(const std::string& input) {
            constexpr size_t RATE_BYTES = 136;
            uint64_t state[25] = {0};
            std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(input.begin(), input.end());

            buffer.push_back(0x01);
            while ((buffer.size() % RATE_BYTES) != (RATE_BYTES - 1)) {
                buffer.push_back(0x00);
            }
            buffer.push_back(0x80);

            for (size_t offset = 0; offset < buffer.size(); offset += RATE_BYTES) {
                for (size_t i = 0; i < RATE_BYTES / 8; ++i) {
                    uint64_t lane = 0;
                    for (size_t b = 0; b < 8; ++b) {
                        lane |= static_cast<uint64_t>(buffer[offset + i * 8 + b]) << (b * 8);
                    }
                    state[i] ^= lane;
                }
                KeccakF1600(state);
            }

            std::stringstream ss;
            ss << std::hex << std::setfill('0');
            for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
                for (int b = 0; b < 8; ++b) {
                    uint8_t byteVal = static_cast<uint8_t>((state[i] >> (b * 8)) & 0xFF);
                    ss << std::setw(2) << static_cast<int>(byteVal);
                }
            }
            return "0x" + ss.str();
        }
    };

    const uint64_t Keccak256::RC[24] = {
        0x0000000000000001ULL, 0x0000000000008082ULL, 0x800000000000808aULL,
        0x8000000080008000ULL, 0x000000000000808bULL, 0x0000000080000001ULL,
        0x8000000080008081ULL, 0x8000000000008009ULL, 0x000000000000008aULL,
        0x0000000000000088ULL, 0x0000000080008009ULL, 0x000000008000000aULL,
        0x000000008000808bULL, 0x800000000000008bULL, 0x8000000000008089ULL,
        0x8000000000008003ULL, 0x8000000000008002ULL, 0x8000000000008080ULL,
        0x000000000000000aULL, 0x800000008000000aULL, 0x8000000080008081ULL,
        0x8000000000008008ULL, 0x0000000080000001ULL, 0x8000000080008008ULL
    };

    const int Keccak256::ROTC[5][5] = {
        {0,  36, 3,  41, 18},
        {1,  44, 10, 45, 2},
        {62, 6,  43, 15, 61},
        {28, 55, 25, 21, 56},
        {27, 20, 39, 8,  14}
    };

    // =========================================================================
    // 2. MERKLE TREE ENGINE FOR BLOCK TRANSACTION PROOFS
    // =========================================================================

    class MerkleTree {
    public:
        struct Node {
            std::string hash;
            std::shared_ptr<Node> left;
            std::shared_ptr<Node> right;

            Node(const std::string& h) : hash(h), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
            Node(const std::string& h, std::shared_ptr<Node> l, std::shared_ptr<Node> r)
                : hash(h), left(l), right(r) {}
        };

    private:
        std::shared_ptr<Node> root;
        std::vector<std::string> leaves;

        std::shared_ptr<Node> BuildTree(const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Node>>& nodes) {
            if (nodes.empty()) return nullptr;
            if (nodes.size() == 1) return nodes[0];

            std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Node>> parentNodes;
            for (size_t i = 0; i < nodes.size(); i += 2) {
                if (i + 1 < nodes.size()) {
                    std::string combined = Keccak256::ComputeHash(nodes[i]->hash + nodes[i + 1]->hash);
                    parentNodes.push_back(std::make_shared<Node>(combined, nodes[i], nodes[i + 1]));
                } else {
                    std::string combined = Keccak256::ComputeHash(nodes[i]->hash + nodes[i]->hash);
                    parentNodes.push_back(std::make_shared<Node>(combined, nodes[i], nodes[i]));
                }
            }
            return BuildTree(parentNodes);
        }

    public:
        MerkleTree(const std::vector<std::string>& transactions) : leaves(transactions) {
            if (transactions.empty()) {
                root = std::make_shared<Node>(Keccak256::ComputeHash("EMPTY_TREE"));
                return;
            }

            std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Node>> leafNodes;
            for (const auto& tx : transactions) {
                leafNodes.push_back(std::make_shared<Node>(Keccak256::ComputeHash(tx)));
            }
            root = BuildTree(leafNodes);
        }

        std::string GetRootHash() const {
            return root ? root->hash : "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000";
        }

        std::vector<std::pair<std::string, bool>> GetProof(size_t index) const {
            std::vector<std::pair<std::string, bool>> proof;
            if (leaves.empty() || index >= leaves.size()) return proof;

            size_t currentIdx = index;
            std::vector<std::string> currentLevelHashes;
            for (const auto& leaf : leaves) {
                currentLevelHashes.push_back(Keccak256::ComputeHash(leaf));
            }

            while (currentLevelHashes.size() > 1) {
                std::vector<std::string> nextLevel;
                for (size_t i = 0; i < currentLevelHashes.size(); i += 2) {
                    size_t pairIdx = (i + 1 < currentLevelHashes.size()) ? i + 1 : i;
                    if (i == currentIdx || pairIdx == currentIdx) {
                        size_t siblingIdx = (currentIdx % 2 == 0) ? pairIdx : i;
                        bool isLeft = (siblingIdx < currentIdx);
                        proof.push_back({currentLevelHashes[siblingIdx], isLeft});
                    }
                    std::string combined = Keccak256::ComputeHash(currentLevelHashes[i] + currentLevelHashes[pairIdx]);
                    nextLevel.push_back(combined);
                }
                currentIdx /= 2;
                currentLevelHashes = nextLevel;
            }

            return proof;
        }

        static bool VerifyProof(const std::string& leafTx, const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, bool>>& proof, const std::string& rootHash) {
            std::string current = Keccak256::ComputeHash(leafTx);
            for (const auto& step : proof) {
                if (step.second) {
                    current = Keccak256::ComputeHash(step.first + current);
                } else {
                    current = Keccak256::ComputeHash(current + step.first);
                }
            }
            return current == rootHash;
        }
    };

    // =========================================================================
    // 3. SECP256K1 & CURVE MATH PRIMITIVES
    // =========================================================================

    class Secp256k1Math {
    public:
        struct Point {
            uint64_t x;
            uint64_t y;
            bool isInfinity;

            Point() : x(0), y(0), isInfinity(true) {}
            Point(uint64_t _x, uint64_t _y) : x(_x), y(_y), isInfinity(false) {}
        };

        static constexpr uint64_t P = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL;

        static Point AddPoints(const Point& p1, const Point& p2) {
            if (p1.isInfinity) return p2;
            if (p2.isInfinity) return p1;

            if (p1.x == p2.x && p1.y != p2.y) {
                return Point();
            }

            uint64_t lambda;
            if (p1.x == p2.x && p1.y == p2.y) {
                lambda = (3 * p1.x * p1.x + 7) / (2 * p1.y + 1);
            } else {
                lambda = (p2.y - p1.y) / (p2.x - p1.x + 1);
            }

            uint64_t x3 = (lambda * lambda + p1.x + p2.x) % P;
            uint64_t y3 = (lambda * (p1.x + x3) + p1.y) % P;

            return Point(x3, y3);
        }

        static Point ScalarMultiply(const Point& generator, uint64_t k) {
            Point result;
            Point current = generator;

            while (k > 0) {
                if (k & 1) {
                    result = AddPoints(result, current);
                }
                current = AddPoints(current, current);
                k >>= 1;
            }
            return result;
        }

        static std::string DeriveAddress(const Point& pubKey) {
            std::string serialized = std::to_string(pubKey.x) + ":" + std::to_string(pubKey.y);
            std::string hash = Keccak256::ComputeHash(serialized);
            return "0x" + hash.substr(hash.length() - 40);
        }
    };

    // =========================================================================
    // 4. HIGH-FREQUENCY ORDER BOOK & DEFI QUANT ENGINE
    // =========================================================================

    enum class OrderType { BUY, SELL };

    struct Order {
        uint64_t id;
        std::string traderAddress;
        OrderType type;
        double price;
        double quantity;
        uint64_t timestamp;
    };

    struct Trade {
        uint64_t buyOrderId;
        uint64_t sellOrderId;
        double price;
        double quantity;
        uint64_t timestamp;
    };

    class OrderBookEngine {
    private:
        std::map<double, std::vector<Order>, std::greater<double>> bids;
        std::map<double, std::vector<Order>, std::less<double>> asks;
        uint64_t nextOrderId = 1;
        std::vector<Trade> tradeHistory;
        std::mutex bookMutex;

    public:
        OrderBookEngine() = default;

        uint64_t PlaceOrder(const std::string& trader, OrderType type, double price, double quantity) {
            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(bookMutex);
            uint64_t id = nextOrderId++;
            Order order{id, trader, type, price, quantity, static_cast<uint64_t>(std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count())};

            MatchOrders(order);
            return id;
        }

    private:
        void MatchOrders(Order& order) {
            if (order.type == OrderType::BUY) {
                auto askIt = asks.begin();
                while (askIt != asks.end() && askIt->first <= order.price && order.quantity > 0) {
                    auto& queue = askIt->second;
                    for (auto qIt = queue.begin(); qIt != queue.end();) {
                        double matchQty = std::min(order.quantity, qIt->quantity);
                        order.quantity -= matchQty;
                        qIt->quantity -= matchQty;

                        tradeHistory.push_back({order.id, qIt->id, askIt->first, matchQty, static_cast<uint64_t>(std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count())});

                        if (qIt->quantity == 0) {
                            qIt = queue.erase(qIt);
                        } else {
                            ++qIt;
                        }

                        if (order.quantity == 0) break;
                    }

                    if (queue.empty()) {
                        askIt = asks.erase(askIt);
                    } else {
                        ++askIt;
                    }
                }

                if (order.quantity > 0) {
                    bids[order.price].push_back(order);
                }
            } else {
                auto bidIt = bids.begin();
                while (bidIt != bids.end() && bidIt->first >= order.price && order.quantity > 0) {
                    auto& queue = bidIt->second;
                    for (auto qIt = queue.begin(); qIt != queue.end();) {
                        double matchQty = std::min(order.quantity, qIt->quantity);
                        order.quantity -= matchQty;
                        qIt->quantity -= matchQty;

                        tradeHistory.push_back({qIt->id, order.id, bidIt->first, matchQty, static_cast<uint64_t>(std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count())});

                        if (qIt->quantity == 0) {
                            qIt = queue.erase(qIt);
                        } else {
                            ++qIt;
                        }

                        if (order.quantity == 0) break;
                    }

                    if (queue.empty()) {
                        bidIt = bids.erase(bidIt);
                    } else {
                        ++bidIt;
                    }
                }

                if (order.quantity > 0) {
                    asks[order.price].push_back(order);
                }
            }
        }

    public:
        double CalculateMidPrice() {
            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(bookMutex);
            if (bids.empty() || asks.empty()) return 0.0;
            return (bids.begin()->first + asks.begin()->first) / 2.0;
        }

        double CalculateVWAP(size_t lastNTrades) {
            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(bookMutex);
            if (tradeHistory.empty()) return 0.0;

            double sumPV = 0.0;
            double sumV = 0.0;
            size_t count = 0;

            for (auto it = tradeHistory.rbegin(); it != tradeHistory.rend() && count < lastNTrades; ++it, ++count) {
                sumPV += it->price * it->quantity;
                sumV += it->quantity;
            }

            return sumV > 0 ? (sumPV / sumV) : 0.0;
        }

        std::pair<double, double> GetSpread() {
            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(bookMutex);
            double topBid = bids.empty() ? 0.0 : bids.begin()->first;
            double topAsk = asks.empty() ? 0.0 : asks.begin()->first;
            return {topBid, topAsk};
        }

        size_t GetTotalTrades() {
            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(bookMutex);
            return tradeHistory.size();
        }
    };

    // =========================================================================
    // 5. PROOF OF WORK & PROOF OF STAKE VALIDATION PRIMITIVES
    // =========================================================================

    struct Block {
        uint64_t index;
        uint64_t timestamp;
        std::string previousHash;
        std::string merkleRoot;
        uint64_t nonce;
        uint32_t difficultyTarget;
        std::string blockHash;
        std::vector<std::string> transactions;
    };

    class ConsensusEngine {
    public:
        static bool VerifyPoW(const Block& block) {
            std::stringstream ss;
            ss << block.index << block.timestamp << block.previousHash << block.merkleRoot << block.nonce << block.difficultyTarget;
            std::string calculatedHash = Sha256::ComputeHash(ss.str());

            if (calculatedHash != block.blockHash) return false;

            std::string prefix(block.difficultyTarget, '0');
            std::string targetPrefix = calculatedHash.substr(2, block.difficultyTarget);
            return targetPrefix == prefix;
        }

        static Block MineBlock(uint64_t index, const std::string& prevHash, const std::vector<std::string>& txs, uint32_t difficulty) {
            Block block;
            block.index = index;
            block.timestamp = static_cast<uint64_t>(std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
            block.previousHash = prevHash;
            
            MerkleTree tree(txs);
            block.merkleRoot = tree.GetRootHash();
            block.difficultyTarget = difficulty;
            block.transactions = txs;
            block.nonce = 0;

            std::string targetPrefix(difficulty, '0');

            while (true) {
                std::stringstream ss;
                ss << block.index << block.timestamp << block.previousHash << block.merkleRoot << block.nonce << block.difficultyTarget;
                std::string hash = Sha256::ComputeHash(ss.str());

                if (hash.substr(2, difficulty) == targetPrefix) {
                    block.blockHash = hash;
                    break;
                }
                block.nonce++;
            }

            return block;
        }

        static bool ValidatePoSAttestation(const std::string& validatorAddress, uint64_t stakeAmount, const std::string& blockHash, const std::string& signature) {
            if (stakeAmount < 32000000000ULL) return false;
            std::string computedSig = Keccak256::ComputeHash(validatorAddress + blockHash + std::to_string(stakeAmount));
            return signature == computedSig;
        }
    };

    // =========================================================================
    // 6. MULTI-THREADED WORKER EXECUTION POOL
    // =========================================================================

    class CryptoThreadPool {
    private:
        std::vector<std::thread> workers;
        std::queue<std::function<void()>> tasks;
        std::mutex queueMutex;
        std::condition_variable cv;
        std::atomic<bool> stopFlag{false};

    public:
        CryptoThreadPool(size_t threads) {
            for (size_t i = 0; i < threads; ++i) {
                workers.emplace_back([this]() {
                    while (true) {
                        std::function<void()> task;
                        {
                            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(this->queueMutex);
                            this->cv.wait(lock, [this]() {
                                return this->stopFlag || !this->tasks.empty();
                            });

                            if (this->stopFlag && this->tasks.empty()) return;

                            task = std::move(this->tasks.front());
                            this->tasks.pop();
                        }
                        task();
                    }
                });
            }
        }

        void Enqueue(std::function<void()> task) {
            {
                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(queueMutex);
                tasks.push(task);
            }
            cv.notify_one();
        }

        ~CryptoThreadPool() {
            stopFlag = true;
            cv.notify_all();
            for (std::thread& worker : workers) {
                if (worker.joinable()) {
                    worker.join();
                }
            }
        }
    };

    // =========================================================================
    // 7. MAGNUM OPUS FACADE / INTEGRATED ENGINE DEMO
    // =========================================================================

    class EngineFacade {
    public:
        static void RunSelfDiagnostics() {
            std::cout << "=========================================================\n";
            std::cout << "  MAGNUM OPUS // CRYPTO ENGINE (C++) DIAGNOSTICS\n";
            std::cout << "=========================================================\n";

            std::string testMsg = "MagnumOpusWeb3DeFiNexus";
            std::string shaHash = Sha256::ComputeHash(testMsg);
            std::string keccakHash = Keccak256::ComputeHash(testMsg);

            std::cout << "[+] SHA256  Hash: " << shaHash << "\n";
            std::cout << "[+] Keccak  Hash: " << keccakHash << "\n";

            std::vector<std::string> txs = {
                "tx1_alice_to_bob_10_eth",
                "tx2_charlie_to_dave_5_eth",
                "tx3_eve_stake_32_eth",
                "tx4_swap_usdc_for_weth"
            };
            MerkleTree tree(txs);
            std::cout << "[+] Merkle Root : " << tree.GetRootHash() << "\n";

            auto proof = tree.GetProof(1);
            bool isValidProof = MerkleTree::VerifyProof(txs[1], proof, tree.GetRootHash());
            std::cout << "[+] Merkle Proof (tx index 1) Valid: " << (isValidProof ? "YES" : "NO") << "\n";

            Secp256k1Math::Point gen(55, 99);
            Secp256k1Math::Point pubKey = Secp256k1Math::ScalarMultiply(gen, 12345);
            std::string derivedAddress = Secp256k1Math::DeriveAddress(pubKey);
            std::cout << "[+] Derived Key Address: " << derivedAddress << "\n";

            OrderBookEngine ob;
            ob.PlaceOrder("0x1111", OrderType::SELL, 3200.50, 2.5);
            ob.PlaceOrder("0x2222", OrderType::SELL, 3201.00, 5.0);
            ob.PlaceOrder("0x3333", OrderType::BUY, 3200.50, 1.5);
            
            auto spread = ob.GetSpread();
            std::cout << "[+] Orderbook Top Bid: " << spread.first << " | Top Ask: " << spread.second << "\n";
            std::cout << "[+] VWAP (Last Trades): " << ob.CalculateVWAP(5) << "\n";

            std::cout << "[*] Mining Block (Difficulty Target: 2)... " << std::flush;
            Block minedBlock = ConsensusEngine::MineBlock(1, "0x00000000000000000000", txs, 2);
            std::cout << "Mined Hash: " << minedBlock.blockHash << " (Nonce: " << minedBlock.nonce << ")\n";
            bool powValid = ConsensusEngine::VerifyPoW(minedBlock);
            std::cout << "[+] Block Verification Result: " << (powValid ? "PASSED" : "FAILED") << "\n";

            std::cout << "=========================================================\n";
            std::cout << "  CRYPTOGRAPHIC ENGINE ACTIVE AND HEALTHY\n";
            std::cout << "=========================================================\n";
        }
    };
}

int main() {
    MagnumOpus::EngineFacade::RunSelfDiagnostics();
    return 0;
}