diff --git a/cpp/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
index 61f6eb91df..b17b8befec 100644
--- a/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -512,56 +512,41 @@ if (NOT SKIP_GRPC_BUILD)
             APPEND PROPERTY COMPILE_OPTIONS "-DNDEBUG")
 endif (NOT SKIP_GRPC_BUILD)
 
-add_library(cuopt SHARED
+add_library(cuopt_objs OBJECT
         ${CUOPT_SRC_FILES}
 )
 
-set_target_properties(cuopt
-        PROPERTIES BUILD_RPATH "\$ORIGIN"
-        INSTALL_RPATH "\$ORIGIN"
-        INTERFACE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON
+set_target_properties(cuopt_objs
+        PROPERTIES POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON
         CXX_SCAN_FOR_MODULES OFF
 )
 
-target_compile_definitions(cuopt
-        PUBLIC "CUOPT_LOG_ACTIVE_LEVEL=RAPIDS_LOGGER_LOG_LEVEL_${LIBCUOPT_LOGGING_LEVEL}"
-        PUBLIC CUSPARSE_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_API
+target_compile_definitions(cuopt_objs
+  PUBLIC "CUOPT_LOG_ACTIVE_LEVEL=RAPIDS_LOGGER_LOG_LEVEL_${LIBCUOPT_LOGGING_LEVEL}"
+  PUBLIC CUSPARSE_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_API
 )
 
-target_compile_options(cuopt
+target_compile_options(cuopt_objs
         PRIVATE "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CXX>:${CUOPT_CXX_FLAGS}>"
         "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:${CUOPT_CUDA_FLAGS}>"
 )
 
-if (WRITE_FATBIN)
-    file(WRITE "${CUOPT_BINARY_DIR}/fatbin.ld"
-            [=[
-  SECTIONS
-  {
-    .nvFatBinSegment : { *(.nvFatBinSegment) }
-    .nv_fatbin : { *(.nv_fatbin) }
-  }
-  ]=])
-    target_link_options(cuopt PRIVATE "${CUOPT_BINARY_DIR}/fatbin.ld")
-endif ()
-
-add_library(cuopt::cuopt ALIAS cuopt)
 # ##################################################################################################
 # - include paths ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 message(STATUS "target include directories CUDSS_INCLUDES = ${CUDSS_INCLUDE}")
 
 # Adding Papilo as a system include messes up clang's include resolution if papilo is already installed as a conda package
-target_include_directories(cuopt PRIVATE
+target_include_directories(cuopt_objs PRIVATE
         "${papilo_SOURCE_DIR}/src"
         "${papilo_BINARY_DIR}"
 )
 
-target_include_directories(cuopt SYSTEM PRIVATE
-        "${pslp_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
-        "${dejavu_SOURCE_DIR}"
+target_include_directories(cuopt_objs SYSTEM PRIVATE
+  "${pslp_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
+  "${dejavu_SOURCE_DIR}"
 )
 
-target_include_directories(cuopt
+target_include_directories(cuopt_objs
         PRIVATE
         "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../thirdparty"
         "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src"
@@ -581,8 +566,8 @@ target_include_directories(cuopt
 )
 
 # Link PSLP by file to avoid export dependency tracking
-target_link_libraries(cuopt PRIVATE $<TARGET_FILE:PSLP>)
-add_dependencies(cuopt PSLP)
+target_link_libraries(cuopt_objs PRIVATE $<TARGET_FILE:PSLP>)
+add_dependencies(cuopt_objs PSLP)
 
 # ##################################################################################################
 # - link libraries --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -597,7 +582,7 @@ list(PREPEND CUOPT_PRIVATE_CUDA_LIBS CUDA::cublasLt)
 
 # Pass CUDSS_MT_LIB_FILE_NAME as a compile definition
 get_filename_component(CUDSS_MT_LIB_FILE_NAME "${CUDSS_MT_LIB_FILE}" NAME)
-target_compile_definitions(cuopt PRIVATE CUDSS_MT_LIB_FILE_NAME="${CUDSS_MT_LIB_FILE_NAME}")
+target_compile_definitions(cuopt_objs PRIVATE CUDSS_MT_LIB_FILE_NAME="${CUDSS_MT_LIB_FILE_NAME}")
 
 execute_process(
         COMMAND git rev-parse --short HEAD
@@ -616,14 +601,14 @@ configure_file(
 )
 
 # Add the generated include directory
-target_include_directories(cuopt PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/include)
+target_include_directories(cuopt_objs PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/include)
 
 list(JOIN CMAKE_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES "," JOINED_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES)
-target_compile_definitions(cuopt PUBLIC
+target_compile_definitions(cuopt_objs PUBLIC
         CUOPT_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES="${JOINED_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES}"
         CUOPT_CPU_ARCHITECTURE="${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}")
 
-target_link_libraries(cuopt
+target_link_libraries(cuopt_objs
         PUBLIC
         CUDA::cublas
         CUDA::cusparse
@@ -635,7 +620,6 @@ target_link_libraries(cuopt
         PRIVATE
         ${CUOPT_PRIVATE_CUDA_LIBS}
         simde::simde
-        OpenMP::OpenMP_CXX
         OpenMP::OpenMP_CUDA
         $<$<BOOL:${CUOPT_ENABLE_GRPC}>:protobuf::libprotobuf>
         $<$<BOOL:${CUOPT_ENABLE_GRPC}>:gRPC::grpc++>
@@ -645,9 +629,101 @@ target_link_libraries(cuopt
 # - generate tests --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 if (BUILD_TESTS)
     include(CTest)
+    add_library(cuopt_static STATIC $<TARGET_OBJECTS:cuopt_objs>)
+    target_link_libraries(cuopt_static
+            PUBLIC
+            CUDA::cublas
+            CUDA::cusparse
+            rmm::rmm
+            rapids_logger::rapids_logger
+            CCCL::CCCL
+            raft::raft
+            ${CUDSS_LIB_FILE}
+            OpenMP::OpenMP_CXX
+            PRIVATE
+            ${CUOPT_PRIVATE_CUDA_LIBS}
+            $<$<BOOL:${CUOPT_ENABLE_GRPC}>:protobuf::libprotobuf>
+            $<$<BOOL:${CUOPT_ENABLE_GRPC}>:gRPC::grpc++>
+    )
+    # Internal test sources include OMP-dependent headers (omp_helpers.hpp, omp_atomic_t).
+    # Propagate -fopenmp for CUDA TUs since OpenMP::OpenMP_CXX only covers CXX.
+    target_compile_options(cuopt_static INTERFACE
+            "$<$<COMPILE_LANGUAGE:CUDA>:-fopenmp>"
+    )
+    target_include_directories(cuopt_static
+            PUBLIC
+            "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>"
+            "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/include>"
+            "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>"
+    )
+    target_compile_definitions(cuopt_static PUBLIC
+            CUOPT_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES="${JOINED_CUDA_ARCHITECTURES}"
+            CUOPT_CPU_ARCHITECTURE="${CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR}"
+            "CUOPT_LOG_ACTIVE_LEVEL=RAPIDS_LOGGER_LOG_LEVEL_${LIBCUOPT_LOGGING_LEVEL}"
+            CUSPARSE_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_API
+    )
+    target_link_libraries(cuopt_static PRIVATE $<TARGET_FILE:PSLP>)
+    add_dependencies(cuopt_static PSLP)
     add_subdirectory(tests)
 endif (BUILD_TESTS)
 
+add_library(cuopt SHARED $<TARGET_OBJECTS:cuopt_objs>)
+add_library(cuopt::cuopt ALIAS cuopt)
+set_target_properties(cuopt
+        PROPERTIES BUILD_RPATH "\$ORIGIN"
+        INSTALL_RPATH "\$ORIGIN"
+        INTERFACE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON
+        CXX_SCAN_FOR_MODULES OFF
+        LINKER_LANGUAGE CUDA
+)
+# cuopt needs PUBLIC interface for consumers
+target_include_directories(cuopt
+        PUBLIC
+        "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>"
+        "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/include>"
+        INTERFACE
+        "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:include>"
+)
+target_link_libraries(cuopt
+        PUBLIC
+        CUDA::cublas
+        CUDA::cusparse
+        rmm::rmm
+        rapids_logger::rapids_logger
+        CCCL::CCCL
+        raft::raft
+        ${CUDSS_LIB_FILE}
+        PRIVATE
+        ${CUOPT_PRIVATE_CUDA_LIBS}
+        simde::simde
+        OpenMP::OpenMP_CXX
+        OpenMP::OpenMP_CUDA
+        $<$<BOOL:${CUOPT_ENABLE_GRPC}>:protobuf::libprotobuf>
+        $<$<BOOL:${CUOPT_ENABLE_GRPC}>:gRPC::grpc++>
+)
+target_link_libraries(cuopt PRIVATE $<TARGET_FILE:PSLP>)
+add_dependencies(cuopt PSLP)
+# Propagate compile definitions that consumers need when including cuopt headers.
+# These were on cuopt directly before the cuopt_objs refactor; $<TARGET_OBJECTS:...>
+# does not carry INTERFACE properties, so we restore them explicitly.
+target_compile_definitions(cuopt
+        PUBLIC
+        "CUOPT_LOG_ACTIVE_LEVEL=RAPIDS_LOGGER_LOG_LEVEL_${LIBCUOPT_LOGGING_LEVEL}"
+        CUSPARSE_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_API
+)
+
+if (WRITE_FATBIN)
+    file(WRITE "${CUOPT_BINARY_DIR}/fatbin.ld"
+            [=[
+  SECTIONS
+  {
+    .nvFatBinSegment : { *(.nvFatBinSegment) }
+    .nv_fatbin : { *(.nv_fatbin) }
+  }
+  ]=])
+    target_link_options(cuopt PRIVATE "${CUOPT_BINARY_DIR}/fatbin.ld")
+endif ()
+
 # ##################################################################################################
 # - install targets -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/cpp/tests/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/tests/CMakeLists.txt
index 27f6c94983..a5f0cf6e49 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/tests/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -37,11 +37,19 @@ endif()
 set(CUOPT_TEST_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
 
 # ################################################################ ------------------------------------------------------------------
-# ConfigureTest(NAME source1.cu source2.cu [LABELS label1 label2 ...])
+# ConfigureTest(NAME source1.cu source2.cu [STATIC_LIB] [LABELS label1 label2 ...])
 #
 # LABELS sets CTest labels for selective local test execution via `ctest -L <label>`.
+# STATIC_LIB links cuopt_static instead of cuopt (for tests needing internal symbols).
 function(ConfigureTest CMAKE_TEST_NAME)
-    cmake_parse_arguments(CT "" "" "LABELS" ${ARGN})
+    cmake_parse_arguments(CT "STATIC_LIB" "" "LABELS" ${ARGN})
+    if(CT_STATIC_LIB)
+        set(_cuopt_link_target cuopt_static)
+        set(_extra_libs "")
+    else()
+        set(_cuopt_link_target cuopt)
+        set(_extra_libs cuopttestutils)
+    endif()
     add_executable(${CMAKE_TEST_NAME} ${CT_UNPARSED_ARGUMENTS})
     target_include_directories(${CMAKE_TEST_NAME}
         PRIVATE
@@ -53,13 +61,10 @@ function(ConfigureTest CMAKE_TEST_NAME)
         "${pslp_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
         "${dejavu_SOURCE_DIR}"
     )
-
     target_link_libraries(${CMAKE_TEST_NAME}
        PRIVATE
-        cuopt
-        cuopttestutils
-        OpenMP::OpenMP_CXX
-        OpenMP::OpenMP_CUDA
+        ${_cuopt_link_target}
+        ${_extra_libs}
         GTest::gmock
         GTest::gmock_main
         GTest::gtest
@@ -69,13 +74,10 @@ function(ConfigureTest CMAKE_TEST_NAME)
     if(NOT DEFINED INSTALL_TARGET OR "${INSTALL_TARGET}" STREQUAL "")
       target_link_options(${CMAKE_TEST_NAME} PRIVATE -Wl,--enable-new-dtags)
     endif()
-
     add_test(NAME ${CMAKE_TEST_NAME} COMMAND ${CMAKE_TEST_NAME})
-
     if(CT_LABELS)
         set_tests_properties(${CMAKE_TEST_NAME} PROPERTIES LABELS "${CT_LABELS}")
     endif()
-
     install(
         TARGETS ${CMAKE_TEST_NAME}
         COMPONENT testing
@@ -105,8 +107,7 @@ if(BUILD_TESTS)
     add_subdirectory(mip)
   endif()
   add_subdirectory(linear_programming)
-  add_subdirectory(dual_simplex)
-  add_subdirectory(socp)
+  add_subdirectory(internal)
   add_subdirectory(qp)
   add_subdirectory(utilities)
 
diff --git a/cpp/tests/dual_simplex/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/tests/dual_simplex/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 1f6740378f..0000000000
--- a/cpp/tests/dual_simplex/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-# cmake-format: off
-# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2024-2026, NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
-# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-# cmake-format: on
-
-ConfigureTest(DUAL_SIMPLEX_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/solve.cpp
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/solve_barrier.cu
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/right_looking_ldlt.cpp
-    LABELS numopt)
diff --git a/cpp/tests/internal/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/tests/internal/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bb343366a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cpp/tests/internal/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# cmake-format: off
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026, NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+# cmake-format: on
+
+# Single binary for all numopt tests that require internal symbols (cuopt_static).
+# Add new internal numopt tests here instead of creating separate STATIC_LIB targets.
+ConfigureTest(NUMOPT_INTERNAL_TEST
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/internal/main.cu
+    # dual_simplex
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/dual_simplex/unit_tests/solve.cpp
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/dual_simplex/unit_tests/solve_barrier.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/dual_simplex/unit_tests/right_looking_ldlt.cpp
+    # linear_programming
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/linear_programming/pdlp_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/linear_programming/unit_tests/optimization_problem_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/linear_programming/unit_tests/presolve_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/linear_programming/parser_test.cpp
+    # mip
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/miplib_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/problem_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/elim_var_remap_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/bounds_standardization_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/multi_probe_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/cuts_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/unit_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/integer_with_real_bounds.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/empty_fixed_problems_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/presolve_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/termination_test.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/mip/determinism_test.cu
+    # socp
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/socp/second_order_cone_kernels.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/socp/solve_barrier_socp.cu
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/socp/general_quadratic_test.cu
+    LABELS numopt
+    STATIC_LIB)
diff --git a/cpp/tests/internal/main.cu b/cpp/tests/internal/main.cu
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f79fbc5201
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cpp/tests/internal/main.cu
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+/* clang-format off */
+/*
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026, NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+/* clang-format on */
+
+#include <utilities/base_fixture.hpp>
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv)
+{
+  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+  auto const cmd_opts = parse_test_options(argc, argv);
+  auto const rmm_mode = cmd_opts["rmm_mode"].as<std::string>();
+  auto resource       = cuopt::test::create_memory_resource(rmm_mode);
+  rmm::mr::set_current_device_resource(resource);
+  return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/cpp/tests/linear_programming/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/tests/linear_programming/CMakeLists.txt
index 6db30755c3..fc39944609 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/linear_programming/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/tests/linear_programming/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -4,22 +4,9 @@
 # cmake-format: on
 
 ConfigureTest(LP_UNIT_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/optimization_problem_test.cu
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/solver_settings_test.cu
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/presolve_test.cu
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/solution_interface_test.cu
     LABELS numopt)
-# ##################################################################################################
-# - Linear programming PDLP tests ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-ConfigureTest(PDLP_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/pdlp_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
-
-# ##################################################################################################
-# - MPS / LP parser tests --------------------------------------------------------------------------
-ConfigureTest(MPS_PARSER_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/parser_test.cpp
-    LABELS numopt)
 
 ConfigureTest(MPS_FAST_PARSER_TEST
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/experimental_mps_fast/fast_fp64_parser_test.cpp
@@ -31,6 +18,7 @@ target_include_directories(MPS_FAST_PARSER_TEST
 )
 target_link_libraries(MPS_FAST_PARSER_TEST PRIVATE simde::simde)
 
+
 # ##################################################################################################
 # - C API Tests----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # The C API tests require a separate library to be linked against. So we don't use the ConfigureTest macro.
diff --git a/cpp/tests/linear_programming/c_api_tests/c_api_tests.cpp b/cpp/tests/linear_programming/c_api_tests/c_api_tests.cpp
index fb5ac8c573..ed0e017cae 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/linear_programming/c_api_tests/c_api_tests.cpp
+++ b/cpp/tests/linear_programming/c_api_tests/c_api_tests.cpp
@@ -18,14 +18,11 @@
 #include <pdlp/cuopt_c_internal.hpp>
 
 #include <cuda_runtime.h>
+#include <cusparse.h>
 
 #include <utilities/common_utils.hpp>
 #include <utilities/error.hpp>
 
-namespace cuopt::mathematical_optimization::pdlp {
-bool is_cusparse_runtime_mixed_precision_supported();
-}
-
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
@@ -445,23 +442,35 @@ TEST(c_api, pdlp_precision_single)
 
 TEST(c_api, pdlp_precision_mixed)
 {
-  using namespace cuopt::mathematical_optimization::pdlp;
   const std::string& rapidsDatasetRootDir = cuopt::test::get_rapids_dataset_root_dir();
   std::string filename           = rapidsDatasetRootDir + "/linear_programming/afiro_original.mps";
   cuopt_int_t termination_status = -1;
   cuopt_float_t objective;
-  if (!cuopt::mathematical_optimization::pdlp::is_cusparse_runtime_mixed_precision_supported()) {
-    auto status = test_pdlp_precision_mixed(filename.c_str(), &termination_status, &objective);
-    bool solve_returned_error = (status != CUOPT_SUCCESS);
-    bool solve_returned_non_optimal =
-      (status == CUOPT_SUCCESS && termination_status != CUOPT_TERMINATION_STATUS_OPTIMAL);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(solve_returned_error || solve_returned_non_optimal);
-    return;
+  // Mixed-precision SpMV (FP32 matrix × FP64 vector) requires cuSPARSE >= 12.5 at BOTH
+  // compile time (header) and runtime (loaded .so). The header version (#if) guards symbol
+  // availability; the runtime check below mirrors is_cusparse_runtime_mixed_precision_supported().
+#if CUSPARSE_VERSION >= 12500
+  int cusparseMajor = 0, cusparseMinor = 0;
+  cusparseGetProperty(MAJOR_VERSION, &cusparseMajor);
+  cusparseGetProperty(MINOR_VERSION, &cusparseMinor);
+  bool runtimeSupported = (cusparseMajor > 12) || (cusparseMajor == 12 && cusparseMinor >= 5);
+  if (runtimeSupported) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(test_pdlp_precision_mixed(filename.c_str(), &termination_status, &objective),
+              CUOPT_SUCCESS);
+    EXPECT_EQ(termination_status, CUOPT_TERMINATION_STATUS_OPTIMAL);
+    EXPECT_NEAR(objective, -464.7531, 1e-1);
+  } else {
+    // cuopt_expects throws ValidationError when mixed precision is requested without runtime
+    // support, so the C API always returns an error code — never CUOPT_SUCCESS.
+    EXPECT_NE(test_pdlp_precision_mixed(filename.c_str(), &termination_status, &objective),
+              CUOPT_SUCCESS);
   }
-  EXPECT_EQ(test_pdlp_precision_mixed(filename.c_str(), &termination_status, &objective),
+#else
+  // cuopt_expects throws ValidationError when mixed precision is requested without support,
+  // so the C API always returns an error code — never CUOPT_SUCCESS.
+  EXPECT_NE(test_pdlp_precision_mixed(filename.c_str(), &termination_status, &objective),
             CUOPT_SUCCESS);
-  EXPECT_EQ(termination_status, CUOPT_TERMINATION_STATUS_OPTIMAL);
-  EXPECT_NEAR(objective, -464.7531, 1e-1);
+#endif
 }
 
 // =============================================================================
diff --git a/cpp/tests/linear_programming/grpc/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/tests/linear_programming/grpc/CMakeLists.txt
index aadbf23df3..7f0d7a0e59 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/linear_programming/grpc/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/tests/linear_programming/grpc/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -9,13 +9,22 @@
 
 add_executable(GRPC_CLIENT_TEST
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/grpc_client_test.cpp
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/grpc_problem_mapper.cpp"
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/grpc_service_mapper.cpp"
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/grpc_settings_mapper.cpp"
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/grpc_solution_mapper.cpp"
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/client/grpc_client.cpp"
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/client/grpc_client_env.cpp"
 )
 
 target_include_directories(GRPC_CLIENT_TEST
     PRIVATE
     "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src"
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/io"
     "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc"
     "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/client"
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/server"
     "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/codegen/generated"
     "${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}"
     "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}"  # For grpc_client_test_helper.hpp
@@ -93,11 +102,15 @@ install(
 
 add_executable(GRPC_INTEGRATION_TEST
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/grpc_integration_test.cpp
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/grpc_service_mapper.cpp"
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/client/grpc_client.cpp"
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/client/grpc_client_env.cpp"
 )
 
 target_include_directories(GRPC_INTEGRATION_TEST
     PRIVATE
     "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
+    "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src"
     "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc"
     "${CUOPT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/grpc/client"
     "${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}"
diff --git a/cpp/tests/linear_programming/pdlp_test.cu b/cpp/tests/linear_programming/pdlp_test.cu
index 33ac914c35..5a3e1c40fe 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/linear_programming/pdlp_test.cu
+++ b/cpp/tests/linear_programming/pdlp_test.cu
@@ -4765,5 +4765,3 @@ TEST(pdlp_class, batch_with_optimal_size_query)
 }
 
 }  // namespace cuopt::mathematical_optimization::test
-
-CUOPT_TEST_PROGRAM_MAIN()
diff --git a/cpp/tests/linear_programming/unit_tests/presolve_test.cu b/cpp/tests/linear_programming/unit_tests/presolve_test.cu
index 75e0565d67..32bfc12aab 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/linear_programming/unit_tests/presolve_test.cu
+++ b/cpp/tests/linear_programming/unit_tests/presolve_test.cu
@@ -1062,5 +1062,3 @@ TEST(submip_presolve, ex9_fully_reduced)
 }
 
 }  // namespace cuopt::mathematical_optimization::test
-
-CUOPT_TEST_PROGRAM_MAIN()
diff --git a/cpp/tests/mip/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/tests/mip/CMakeLists.txt
index d533f09c2d..91fb87a953 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/mip/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/tests/mip/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -4,54 +4,17 @@
 # cmake-format: on
 
 # ##################################################################################################
-# - MIP tests ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-ConfigureTest(MIP_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/miplib_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
+# - MIP tests that use only public API (no internal symbols) ---------------------------------------
+# Internal MIP tests are consolidated into NUMOPT_INTERNAL_TEST (cpp/tests/internal/CMakeLists.txt).
 ConfigureTest(SEMI_CONTINUOUS_TEST
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/semi_continuous_test.cu
     LABELS numopt)
-ConfigureTest(PROBLEM_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/problem_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
-ConfigureTest(ELIM_VAR_REMAP_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/elim_var_remap_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
-ConfigureTest(STANDARDIZATION_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/bounds_standardization_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
-ConfigureTest(MULTI_PROBE_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/multi_probe_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
 ConfigureTest(INCUMBENT_CALLBACK_TEST
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/incumbent_callback_test.cu
     LABELS numopt)
 ConfigureTest(DOC_EXAMPLE_TEST
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/doc_example_test.cu
     LABELS numopt)
-ConfigureTest(CUTS_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/cuts_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
-ConfigureTest(UNIT_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_test.cu
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/integer_with_real_bounds.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
-ConfigureTest(EMPTY_FIXED_PROBLEMS_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/empty_fixed_problems_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
-ConfigureTest(PRESOLVE_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/presolve_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
-# Disable for now
-# ConfigureTest(FEASIBILITY_JUMP_TEST
-#    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/feasibility_jump_tests.cu
-# )
-ConfigureTest(MIP_TERMINATION_STATUS_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/termination_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
-ConfigureTest(DETERMINISM_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/determinism_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
 ConfigureTest(HEURISTICS_HYPER_PARAMS_TEST
     ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/heuristics_hyper_params_test.cu
     LABELS numopt)
diff --git a/cpp/tests/mip/bounds_standardization_test.cu b/cpp/tests/mip/bounds_standardization_test.cu
index 5219366ce6..fffaec4989 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/mip/bounds_standardization_test.cu
+++ b/cpp/tests/mip/bounds_standardization_test.cu
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 
 namespace cuopt::mathematical_optimization::test {
 
-void init_handler(const raft::handle_t* handle_ptr)
+static void init_handler(const raft::handle_t* handle_ptr)
 {
   // Init cuBlas / cuSparse context here to avoid having it during solving time
   RAFT_CUBLAS_TRY(raft::linalg::detail::cublassetpointermode(
diff --git a/cpp/tests/mip/elim_var_remap_test.cu b/cpp/tests/mip/elim_var_remap_test.cu
index eb6f2ae750..1cbc1cc60f 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/mip/elim_var_remap_test.cu
+++ b/cpp/tests/mip/elim_var_remap_test.cu
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 
 namespace cuopt::mathematical_optimization::test {
 
-void init_handler(const raft::handle_t* handle_ptr)
+static void init_handler(const raft::handle_t* handle_ptr)
 {
   // Init cuBlas / cuSparse context here to avoid having it during solving time
   RAFT_CUBLAS_TRY(raft::linalg::detail::cublassetpointermode(
diff --git a/cpp/tests/mip/multi_probe_test.cu b/cpp/tests/mip/multi_probe_test.cu
index d7241f9325..9438bf6183 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/mip/multi_probe_test.cu
+++ b/cpp/tests/mip/multi_probe_test.cu
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace cuopt::mathematical_optimization::test {
 
 inline auto make_async() { return rmm::mr::cuda_async_memory_resource(); }
 
-void init_handler(const raft::handle_t* handle_ptr)
+static void init_handler(const raft::handle_t* handle_ptr)
 {
   // Init cuBlas / cuSparse context here to avoid having it during solving time
   RAFT_CUBLAS_TRY(raft::linalg::detail::cublassetpointermode(
diff --git a/cpp/tests/mip/problem_test.cu b/cpp/tests/mip/problem_test.cu
index 1504df1ad4..a53d1ee44b 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/mip/problem_test.cu
+++ b/cpp/tests/mip/problem_test.cu
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ lp::optimization_problem_t<i_t, f_t> create_problem(raft::handle_t const* h, i_t
   auto offsets = rand_vec<i_t, i_t>(n_cnst + 1, average_vars_per_cnst, average_vars_per_cnst * 5);
   thrust::exclusive_scan(thrust::host, offsets.begin(), offsets.end(), offsets.begin());
 
-  i_t nnz = offsets.back() + 1;
+  i_t nnz = offsets.back();
 
   // a_values - non-zero coefficients
   auto coeff = rand_vec<i_t, f_t>(nnz, 0.2, 10.0);
diff --git a/cpp/tests/routing/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/tests/routing/CMakeLists.txt
index 569f84beb7..c544267797 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/routing/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/cpp/tests/routing/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -5,8 +5,14 @@
 
 ConfigureTest(ROUTING_TEST ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/level0/l0_routing_test.cu
     LABELS routing)
-ConfigureTest(ROUTING_GES_TEST ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/level0/l0_ges_test.cu
-    LABELS routing)
+
+ConfigureTest(ROUTING_INTERNAL_TEST
+    ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/internal/main.cu
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/level0/l0_ges_test.cu
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/top_k.cu
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/utilities/check_constraints.cu
+    LABELS routing
+    STATIC_LIB)
 
 ConfigureTest(VEHICLE_ORDER_TEST ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/level0/l0_vehicle_order_match.cu
     LABELS routing)
@@ -15,21 +21,15 @@ ConfigureTest(VEHICLE_TYPES_TEST ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/level0/l0_vehicle_t
 ConfigureTest(OBJECTIVE_FUNCTION_TEST ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/level0/l0_objective_function_test.cu
     LABELS routing)
 
-# ##################################################################################################
-# - L1 advanced retail tests --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ConfigureTest(RETAIL_L1TEST ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/level1/l1_retail_test.cu
     LABELS routing)
-
-# ##################################################################################################
-# - L1  tests for quick regression check --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ConfigureTest(ROUTING_L1TEST ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/level1/l1_routing_test.cu
     LABELS routing)
-
-# Disabled: both tests are slow and known to be broken.
 set_tests_properties(RETAIL_L1TEST ROUTING_L1TEST PROPERTIES DISABLED TRUE)
 
 # # - ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} unit tests ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 ConfigureTest(ROUTING_UNIT_TEST
+      ${CUOPT_TEST_DIR}/internal/main.cu
       ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/vehicle_types.cu
       ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/breaks.cu
       ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/heterogenous_breaks.cu
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ ConfigureTest(ROUTING_UNIT_TEST
       ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/heterogenous_fleet.cu
       ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/prize_collection.cu
       ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/objective_function.cu
-      ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/top_k.cu
       ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/batch_tsp.cu
       ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unit_tests/set_shmem_of_kernel.cu
     LABELS routing)
diff --git a/cpp/tests/routing/level0/l0_ges_test.cu b/cpp/tests/routing/level0/l0_ges_test.cu
index b3e72c56e6..47944c478d 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/routing/level0/l0_ges_test.cu
+++ b/cpp/tests/routing/level0/l0_ges_test.cu
@@ -246,5 +246,3 @@ INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(level0_ges, double_test_vrp, ::testing::Values(std::mak
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace routing
 }  // namespace cuopt
-
-CUOPT_TEST_PROGRAM_MAIN()
diff --git a/cpp/tests/routing/unit_tests/top_k.cu b/cpp/tests/routing/unit_tests/top_k.cu
index e402c1ec43..c6d377a63f 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/routing/unit_tests/top_k.cu
+++ b/cpp/tests/routing/unit_tests/top_k.cu
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* clang-format off */
 /*
- * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2024-2025, NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2024-2026, NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
  */
 /* clang-format on */
@@ -322,5 +322,3 @@ INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(top_k,
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace routing
 }  // namespace cuopt
-
-CUOPT_TEST_PROGRAM_MAIN()
diff --git a/cpp/tests/socp/CMakeLists.txt b/cpp/tests/socp/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index f380984225..0000000000
--- a/cpp/tests/socp/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-# cmake-format: off
-# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026, NVIDIA CORPORATION & AFFILIATES. All rights reserved.
-# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
-# cmake-format: on
-
-ConfigureTest(SOCP_TEST
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/second_order_cone_kernels.cu
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/solve_barrier_socp.cu
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/general_quadratic_test.cu
-    LABELS numopt)
diff --git a/cpp/tests/utilities/base_fixture.hpp b/cpp/tests/utilities/base_fixture.hpp
index 31d7923dfa..28283ac2d9 100644
--- a/cpp/tests/utilities/base_fixture.hpp
+++ b/cpp/tests/utilities/base_fixture.hpp
@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ inline auto parse_test_options(int argc, char** argv)
  * the original functionality. In addition, this custom `main` function parses
  * the command line to customize test behavior, like the allocation mode used
  * for creating the default memory resource.
+ *
  */
 #define CUOPT_TEST_PROGRAM_MAIN()                                        \
   int main(int argc, char** argv)                                        \