diff --git a/src/DiffEngineViewer.Tests/ImageScreenTests.cs b/src/DiffEngineViewer.Tests/ImageScreenTests.cs
index a5b7a82f..8e944c3d 100644
--- a/src/DiffEngineViewer.Tests/ImageScreenTests.cs
+++ b/src/DiffEngineViewer.Tests/ImageScreenTests.cs
@@ -99,8 +99,10 @@ public Task DeleteInQueue() =>
     public async Task PanesCarryThePicture()
     {
         var screen = ScreenBuilder.Build(State(Received(), Expected()));
-        await Assert.That(screen.Left.Image).IsEqualTo(new("temp/sample.received.png", 800, 600));
-        await Assert.That(screen.Right.Image).IsEqualTo(new("code/sample.verified.png", 800, 600));
+        // The hash the side carried, which is how a head tells one picture from another at the
+        // same path and size - and how the Windows head knows to repaint for it
+        await Assert.That(screen.Left.Image).IsEqualTo(new("temp/sample.received.png", 800, 600, "0A"));
+        await Assert.That(screen.Right.Image).IsEqualTo(new("code/sample.verified.png", 800, 600, "0A"));
     }
 
     [Test]
diff --git a/src/DiffEngineViewer.Windows.Tests/PaneChangeTests.cs b/src/DiffEngineViewer.Windows.Tests/PaneChangeTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1c92b3f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/DiffEngineViewer.Windows.Tests/PaneChangeTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/// <summary>
+/// Whether two panes are the same pane, which is what decides whether the window repaints.
+/// ScreenBuilder allocates a fresh Screen every frame, so record equality would report a change
+/// sixty times a second and the comparison is by hand.
+/// </summary>
+public class PaneChangeTests
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The rows an image side shows are format, dimensions and byte count, and a re-run that
+    /// rewrites a received image at the same size changes none of them - for BMP, which is
+    /// uncompressed, that is every re-run. So nothing about the screen differed, Apply returned
+    /// before repainting, and the pane kept the previous picture while the rows beside it
+    /// described the new one.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Test]
+    public async Task A_picture_that_changed_is_not_the_same_pane()
+    {
+        var before = ImagePane("A1B2");
+        var after = ImagePane("C3D4");
+
+        await Assert.That(ViewerForm.Same(before, after)).IsFalse();
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public async Task A_picture_that_did_not_change_is_the_same_pane() =>
+        await Assert.That(ViewerForm.Same(ImagePane("A1B2"), ImagePane("A1B2"))).IsTrue();
+
+    [Test]
+    public async Task A_picture_replaced_by_one_of_another_size_is_not_the_same_pane()
+    {
+        var before = ImagePane("A1B2");
+        var after = before with
+        {
+            Image = new("sample.received.png", 20, 10, "A1B2")
+        };
+
+        await Assert.That(ViewerForm.Same(before, after)).IsFalse();
+    }
+
+    [Test]
+    public async Task Text_panes_are_unaffected()
+    {
+        var pane = new Pane("received", [new(1, RowKind.Unchanged, "one")], 0, 1);
+
+        await Assert.That(ViewerForm.Same(pane, pane with { })).IsTrue();
+        await Assert.That(ViewerForm.Same(pane, pane with { ScrollTop = 1 })).IsFalse();
+    }
+
+    static Pane ImagePane(string hash) =>
+        new(
+            "received",
+            [],
+            0,
+            0,
+            new("sample.received.png", 10, 10, hash));
+}
diff --git a/src/DiffEngineViewer.Windows/ViewerForm.cs b/src/DiffEngineViewer.Windows/ViewerForm.cs
index fe3a3456..458e90ef 100644
--- a/src/DiffEngineViewer.Windows/ViewerForm.cs
+++ b/src/DiffEngineViewer.Windows/ViewerForm.cs
@@ -422,9 +422,14 @@ left is null
               left.Row == right.Row &&
               left.Labels.SequenceEqual(right.Labels);
 
-    static bool Same(Pane left, Pane right) =>
+    internal static bool Same(Pane left, Pane right) =>
         left.Header == right.Header &&
         left.ScrollTop == right.ScrollTop &&
         left.TotalRows == right.TotalRows &&
+        // Records all the way down, so this compares the path, the size and the content stamp. A
+        // re-run that rewrites a received image at the same size changes nothing else about the
+        // screen - the rows say format, dimensions and byte count, and for BMP those hold - so
+        // without it Apply returned before repainting and the pane kept the previous picture.
+        left.Image == right.Image &&
         left.Rows.SequenceEqual(right.Rows);
 }
diff --git a/src/DiffEngineViewer/Model/ImagePane.cs b/src/DiffEngineViewer/Model/ImagePane.cs
index 65a2e68f..442ab821 100644
--- a/src/DiffEngineViewer/Model/ImagePane.cs
+++ b/src/DiffEngineViewer/Model/ImagePane.cs
@@ -13,4 +13,10 @@
 /// worth trying.
 /// </para>
 /// </summary>
-record ImagePane(string Path, int Width, int Height);
+/// <param name="Hash">
+/// What the file held when the model was built, so a head can tell one picture from another at the
+/// same path and size. Not for drawing - the head reads the file - but for deciding whether what
+/// is on screen is still this. A re-run that rewrites a received image at the same dimensions
+/// changes nothing else in the model, and for BMP that is every re-run.
+/// </param>
+record ImagePane(string Path, int Width, int Height, string? Hash);
diff --git a/src/DiffEngineViewer/ScreenBuilder.cs b/src/DiffEngineViewer/ScreenBuilder.cs
index a77cb81f..8ac43630 100644
--- a/src/DiffEngineViewer/ScreenBuilder.cs
+++ b/src/DiffEngineViewer/ScreenBuilder.cs
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ static Pane BuildPane(
             return null;
         }
 
-        return new(file.Path, header.Width, header.Height);
+        return new(file.Path, header.Width, header.Height, file.Hash);
     }
 
     static IReadOnlyList<QueueItem> BuildQueue(SessionState state, int body, out int top)