diff --git a/core/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/BadImport.java b/core/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/BadImport.java
index 2a12892cc36..2dd5a2520b7 100644
--- a/core/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/BadImport.java
+++ b/core/src/main/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/BadImport.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import static com.google.errorprone.matchers.Matchers.annotations;
 import static com.google.errorprone.matchers.ProtobufMatchers.MESSAGE_LITE_TYPE;
 import static com.google.errorprone.util.ASTHelpers.getSymbol;
+import static com.google.errorprone.util.ASTHelpers.hasExplicitSource;
 import static com.google.errorprone.util.ASTHelpers.isSubtype;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
@@ -275,6 +276,15 @@ private void moveTypeAnnotations(
               SuggestedFix.Builder builder) {
             for (AnnotationTree annotation :
                 HAS_TYPE_USE_ANNOTATION.multiMatchResult(annotationHolder, state).matchingNodes()) {
+              if (!hasExplicitSource(annotation, state)) {
+                // A record component's type-use annotation can be reached through javac's
+                // synthesized members (field/accessor/canonical constructor), whose copy of the
+                // annotation tree has no recorded end position. Deleting and reinserting it would
+                // build an invalid Replacement and crash the whole compilation (#6074). Leave the
+                // annotation where it is -- the node is still qualified by the prefixWith() call
+                // above, it just won't be relocated ahead of the qualified type.
+                continue;
+              }
               builder.delete(annotation);
               builder.prefixWith(node, state.getSourceForNode(annotation) + " ");
             }
diff --git a/core/src/test/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/BadImportTest.java b/core/src/test/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/BadImportTest.java
index 8d82cb10e11..1d4a6d87bf6 100644
--- a/core/src/test/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/BadImportTest.java
+++ b/core/src/test/java/com/google/errorprone/bugpatterns/BadImportTest.java
@@ -582,6 +582,53 @@ abstract class Test {
         .doTest();
   }
 
+
+  @Test
+  public void recordComponentWithTypeUseAnnotation_doesNotCrash() {
+    refactoringTestHelper
+        .addInputLines(
+            "input/TypeUseAnnotation.java",
+            """
+            package test;
+
+            import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
+            import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+            @Target(ElementType.TYPE_USE)
+            @interface TypeUseAnnotation {}
+            """)
+        .expectUnchanged()
+        .addInputLines(
+            "input/SomeClass.java",
+            """
+            package test;
+
+            class SomeClass {
+              enum Builder {
+                A
+              }
+            }
+            """)
+        .expectUnchanged()
+        .addInputLines(
+            "input/Test.java",
+            """
+            package test;
+
+            import test.SomeClass.Builder;
+
+            record Test(@TypeUseAnnotation Builder builder) {}
+            """)
+        .addOutputLines(
+            "output/Test.java",
+            """
+            package test;
+
+            record Test(@TypeUseAnnotation SomeClass.Builder builder) {}
+            """)
+        .doTest();
+  }
+
   @Test
   public void negative_truth8AssertThatFalseFlag() {
     compilationTestHelper