diff --git a/app/folder/[id].tsx b/app/folder/[id].tsx
index 4261fbe..dbefc57 100644
--- a/app/folder/[id].tsx
+++ b/app/folder/[id].tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from 'react';
 import { ActivityIndicator, Alert, ScrollView, StyleSheet, View } from 'react-native';
 import { SafeAreaView } from 'react-native-safe-area-context';
+import { t } from '../../src/i18n';
 import { useFocusEffect, useLocalSearchParams, useRouter } from 'expo-router';
 import * as Haptics from 'expo-haptics';
 import { LibraryHeader } from '../../src/components/library/LibraryHeader';
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ export default function FolderScreen() {
       }
     } catch (error) {
       if (__DEV__) console.warn('[FolderScreen] create note failed', error);
-      Alert.alert('Could not create note', 'Please try again.');
+      Alert.alert(t.library.couldNotCreateNote, t.common.pleaseTryAgain);
     } finally {
       creatingNoteRef.current = false;
     }
@@ -99,12 +100,12 @@ export default function FolderScreen() {
 
   const confirmDeleteNote = useCallback((note: NoteMetadata) => {
     Alert.alert(
-      'Delete note?',
-      `"${note.title}" will be permanently deleted.`,
+      t.library.deleteNoteTitle,
+      t.library.deleteNoteMessage(note.title),
       [
-        { text: 'Cancel', style: 'cancel' },
+        { text: t.common.cancel, style: 'cancel' },
         {
-          text: 'Delete',
+          text: t.common.delete,
           style: 'destructive',
           onPress: async () => {
             try {
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ export default function FolderScreen() {
               await refresh();
             } catch (error) {
               if (__DEV__) console.warn('[FolderScreen] delete note failed', error);
-              Alert.alert('Could not delete note', 'Please try again.');
+              Alert.alert(t.library.couldNotDeleteNote, t.common.pleaseTryAgain);
             }
           },
         },
@@ -127,7 +128,7 @@ export default function FolderScreen() {
         style={[styles.flex, { backgroundColor: theme.colors.background }]}
       >
         <LibraryHeader
-          title="Folder"
+          title={t.common.folder}
           showBack
           onBack={() => router.replace('/')}
         />
@@ -141,7 +142,7 @@ export default function FolderScreen() {
   return (
     <SafeAreaView edges={['top']} style={[styles.flex, { backgroundColor: theme.colors.background }]}>
       <LibraryHeader
-        title={folder?.name ?? 'Folder'}
+        title={folder?.name ?? t.common.folder}
         showBack
         onBack={() => router.replace('/')}
         rightIcon="create-outline"
@@ -150,8 +151,8 @@ export default function FolderScreen() {
 
       {notes.length === 0 ? (
         <EmptyState
-          title="Empty folder"
-          subtitle={`Tap the plus button to add a note to ${folder?.name ?? 'this folder'}.`}
+          title={t.library.emptyFolderTitle}
+          subtitle={t.library.emptyFolderSubtitle(folder?.name ?? t.library.thisFolder)}
           iconName="folder-open-outline"
         />
       ) : (
@@ -194,12 +195,12 @@ export default function FolderScreen() {
             ? [
                 {
                   key: 'rename',
-                  label: 'Rename',
+                  label: t.common.rename,
                   onPress: () => setAction({ kind: 'renameNote', note: action.note }),
                 },
                 {
                   key: 'moveRoot',
-                  label: 'Move to Root',
+                  label: t.library.moveToRoot,
                   onPress: async () => {
                     await moveNote(action.note.id, null);
                     await refresh();
@@ -207,12 +208,12 @@ export default function FolderScreen() {
                 },
                 {
                   key: 'move',
-                  label: 'Move to Folder',
+                  label: t.library.moveToFolder,
                   onPress: () => setAction({ kind: 'moveNote', note: action.note }),
                 },
                 {
                   key: 'delete',
-                  label: 'Delete',
+                  label: t.common.delete,
                   destructive: true,
                   onPress: () => confirmDeleteNote(action.note),
                 },
@@ -224,9 +225,9 @@ export default function FolderScreen() {
 
       <RenameDialog
         visible={action?.kind === 'renameNote'}
-        title="Rename note"
+        title={t.library.renameNoteTitle}
         initialValue={action?.kind === 'renameNote' ? action.note.title : ''}
-        placeholder="Note title"
+        placeholder={t.library.noteTitlePlaceholder}
         onCancel={() => setAction(null)}
         onConfirm={async (value) => {
           if (action?.kind === 'renameNote') {
@@ -239,9 +240,9 @@ export default function FolderScreen() {
 
       <RenameDialog
         visible={action?.kind === 'renameFolder'}
-        title="Rename folder"
+        title={t.library.renameFolderTitle}
         initialValue={folder?.name ?? ''}
-        placeholder="Folder name"
+        placeholder={t.library.folderNamePlaceholder}
         onCancel={() => setAction(null)}
         onConfirm={async (value) => {
           if (folder) {
diff --git a/app/index.tsx b/app/index.tsx
index cde2f65..c4e8ea7 100644
--- a/app/index.tsx
+++ b/app/index.tsx
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ import {
   renameFolder,
 } from '../src/services/foldersRepo';
 import type { BackgroundType, FolderMetadata, NoteMetadata } from '../src/types/note';
+import { t } from '../src/i18n';
 
 type Action =
   | { kind: 'newItem' }
@@ -160,7 +161,7 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
       }
     } catch (error) {
       if (__DEV__) console.warn('[LibraryScreen] create note failed', error);
-      Alert.alert('Could not create note', 'Please try again.');
+      Alert.alert(t.library.couldNotCreateNote, t.common.pleaseTryAgain);
     } finally {
       creatingNoteRef.current = false;
     }
@@ -172,12 +173,12 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
 
   const confirmDeleteNote = useCallback((note: NoteMetadata) => {
     Alert.alert(
-      'Delete note?',
-      `"${note.title}" will be permanently deleted.`,
+      t.library.deleteNoteTitle,
+      t.library.deleteNoteMessage(note.title),
       [
-        { text: 'Cancel', style: 'cancel' },
+        { text: t.common.cancel, style: 'cancel' },
         {
-          text: 'Delete',
+          text: t.common.delete,
           style: 'destructive',
           onPress: async () => {
             try {
@@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
               await refresh();
             } catch (error) {
               if (__DEV__) console.warn('[LibraryScreen] delete note failed', error);
-              Alert.alert('Could not delete note', 'Please try again.');
+              Alert.alert(t.library.couldNotDeleteNote, t.common.pleaseTryAgain);
             }
           },
         },
@@ -195,12 +196,12 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
 
   const confirmDeleteFolderKeepNotes = useCallback((folder: FolderMetadata) => {
     Alert.alert(
-      'Delete folder?',
-      `"${folder.name}" will be deleted. Its notes will stay in your library.`,
+      t.library.deleteFolderTitle,
+      t.library.deleteFolderMessage(folder.name),
       [
-        { text: 'Cancel', style: 'cancel' },
+        { text: t.common.cancel, style: 'cancel' },
         {
-          text: 'Delete Folder',
+          text: t.library.deleteFolderLabel,
           style: 'destructive',
           onPress: async () => {
             try {
@@ -208,7 +209,7 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
               await refresh();
             } catch (error) {
               if (__DEV__) console.warn('[LibraryScreen] delete folder failed', error);
-              Alert.alert('Could not delete folder', 'Please try again.');
+              Alert.alert(t.library.couldNotDeleteFolder, t.common.pleaseTryAgain);
             }
           },
         },
@@ -217,14 +218,13 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
   }, [refresh]);
 
   const confirmDeleteFolderAndNotes = useCallback((folder: FolderMetadata, noteCount: number) => {
-    const noteText = noteCount === 1 ? '1 note' : `${noteCount} notes`;
     Alert.alert(
-      'Delete folder and notes?',
-      `"${folder.name}" and ${noteText} inside it will be permanently deleted.`,
+      t.library.deleteFolderAndNotesTitle,
+      t.library.deleteFolderAndNotesMessage(folder.name, t.library.noteCount(noteCount)),
       [
-        { text: 'Cancel', style: 'cancel' },
+        { text: t.common.cancel, style: 'cancel' },
         {
-          text: 'Delete All',
+          text: t.library.deleteAllLabel,
           style: 'destructive',
           onPress: async () => {
             try {
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
               await refresh();
             } catch (error) {
               if (__DEV__) console.warn('[LibraryScreen] delete folder notes failed', error);
-              Alert.alert('Could not delete folder', 'Please try again.');
+              Alert.alert(t.library.couldNotDeleteFolder, t.common.pleaseTryAgain);
             }
           },
         },
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
           {
             key: 'openNotes',
             icon: 'heart-outline',
-            accessibilityLabel: 'Support OpenNotes',
+            accessibilityLabel: t.library.supportA11y,
             onPress: () => setAction({ kind: 'openNotes' }),
           },
         ]}
@@ -259,8 +259,8 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
         </View>
       ) : sortedFolders.length === 0 && rootNotes.length === 0 ? (
         <EmptyState
-          title="No notes yet"
-          subtitle="Tap the plus button to create your first note or folder."
+          title={t.library.emptyTitle}
+          subtitle={t.library.emptySubtitle}
           iconName="document-outline"
         />
       ) : (
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
           showsVerticalScrollIndicator={false}
         >
           {sortedFolders.length > 0 ? (
-            <LibrarySection title="Folders">
+            <LibrarySection title={t.library.foldersSection}>
               <View style={styles.list}>
                 {sortedFolders.map((folder) => (
                   <FolderCard
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
           ) : null}
 
           {rootNotes.length > 0 ? (
-            <LibrarySection title={sortedFolders.length > 0 ? 'Notes' : ''}>
+            <LibrarySection title={sortedFolders.length > 0 ? t.library.notesSection : ''}>
               <View style={styles.list}>
                 {rootNotes.map((note) => (
                   <NoteCard
@@ -341,16 +341,16 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
 
       <ItemActionsMenu
         visible={action?.kind === 'newItem'}
-        title="Create"
+        title={t.library.createTitle}
         actions={[
           {
             key: 'note',
-            label: 'New Note',
+            label: t.library.newNote,
             onPress: () => setAction({ kind: 'createNoteBackground' }),
           },
           {
             key: 'folder',
-            label: 'New Folder',
+            label: t.library.newFolder,
             onPress: handleCreateFolder,
           },
         ]}
@@ -371,17 +371,17 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
             ? [
                 {
                   key: 'rename',
-                  label: 'Rename',
+                  label: t.common.rename,
                   onPress: () => setAction({ kind: 'renameNote', note: action.note }),
                 },
                 {
                   key: 'move',
-                  label: 'Move to Folder',
+                  label: t.library.moveToFolder,
                   onPress: () => setAction({ kind: 'moveNote', note: action.note }),
                 },
                 {
                   key: 'delete',
-                  label: 'Delete',
+                  label: t.common.delete,
                   destructive: true,
                   onPress: () => confirmDeleteNote(action.note),
                 },
@@ -399,19 +399,19 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
             ? [
                 {
                   key: 'rename',
-                  label: 'Rename',
+                  label: t.common.rename,
                   onPress: () =>
                     setAction({ kind: 'renameFolder', folder: action.folder }),
                 },
                 {
                   key: 'orphan',
-                  label: 'Delete (keep notes)',
+                  label: t.library.deleteKeepNotesLabel,
                   destructive: true,
                   onPress: () => confirmDeleteFolderKeepNotes(action.folder),
                 },
                 {
                   key: 'deleteNotes',
-                  label: 'Delete folder and all notes',
+                  label: t.library.deleteFolderAndNotesLabel,
                   destructive: true,
                   onPress: () =>
                     confirmDeleteFolderAndNotes(
@@ -427,9 +427,9 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
 
       <RenameDialog
         visible={action?.kind === 'renameNote'}
-        title="Rename note"
+        title={t.library.renameNoteTitle}
         initialValue={action?.kind === 'renameNote' ? action.note.title : ''}
-        placeholder="Note title"
+        placeholder={t.library.noteTitlePlaceholder}
         onCancel={() => setAction(null)}
         onConfirm={async (value) => {
           if (action?.kind === 'renameNote') {
@@ -442,9 +442,9 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
 
       <RenameDialog
         visible={action?.kind === 'renameFolder'}
-        title="Rename folder"
+        title={t.library.renameFolderTitle}
         initialValue={action?.kind === 'renameFolder' ? action.folder.name : ''}
-        placeholder="Folder name"
+        placeholder={t.library.folderNamePlaceholder}
         onCancel={() => setAction(null)}
         onConfirm={async (value) => {
           if (action?.kind === 'renameFolder') {
@@ -457,10 +457,10 @@ export default function LibraryScreen() {
 
       <RenameDialog
         visible={action?.kind === 'createFolder'}
-        title="New folder"
+        title={t.library.newFolderTitle}
         initialValue=""
-        placeholder="Folder name"
-        confirmLabel="Create"
+        placeholder={t.library.folderNamePlaceholder}
+        confirmLabel={t.common.create}
         onCancel={() => setAction(null)}
         onConfirm={async (value) => {
           if (!value.trim()) {
diff --git a/ios/OpenNotes.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj b/ios/OpenNotes.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
index 6c50b37..a0fc9d0 100644
--- a/ios/OpenNotes.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
+++ b/ios/OpenNotes.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
@@ -288,6 +288,7 @@
 				"${PODS_CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR}/EXConstants/EXConstants.bundle",
 				"${PODS_CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR}/EXConstants/ExpoConstants_privacy.bundle",
 				"${PODS_CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR}/ExpoFileSystem/ExpoFileSystem_privacy.bundle",
+				"${PODS_CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR}/ExpoLocalization/ExpoLocalization_privacy.bundle",
 				"${PODS_CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR}/RNCAsyncStorage/RNCAsyncStorage_resources.bundle",
 				"${PODS_CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR}/React-Core/React-Core_privacy.bundle",
 				"${PODS_CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR}/React-cxxreact/React-cxxreact_privacy.bundle",
@@ -299,6 +300,7 @@
 				"${TARGET_BUILD_DIR}/${UNLOCALIZED_RESOURCES_FOLDER_PATH}/EXConstants.bundle",
 				"${TARGET_BUILD_DIR}/${UNLOCALIZED_RESOURCES_FOLDER_PATH}/ExpoConstants_privacy.bundle",
 				"${TARGET_BUILD_DIR}/${UNLOCALIZED_RESOURCES_FOLDER_PATH}/ExpoFileSystem_privacy.bundle",
+				"${TARGET_BUILD_DIR}/${UNLOCALIZED_RESOURCES_FOLDER_PATH}/ExpoLocalization_privacy.bundle",
 				"${TARGET_BUILD_DIR}/${UNLOCALIZED_RESOURCES_FOLDER_PATH}/RNCAsyncStorage_resources.bundle",
 				"${TARGET_BUILD_DIR}/${UNLOCALIZED_RESOURCES_FOLDER_PATH}/React-Core_privacy.bundle",
 				"${TARGET_BUILD_DIR}/${UNLOCALIZED_RESOURCES_FOLDER_PATH}/React-cxxreact_privacy.bundle",
diff --git a/ios/Podfile.lock b/ios/Podfile.lock
index 3026d95..14e4818 100644
--- a/ios/Podfile.lock
+++ b/ios/Podfile.lock
@@ -222,6 +222,8 @@ PODS:
     - ExpoModulesCore
   - ExpoLinking (8.0.12):
     - ExpoModulesCore
+  - ExpoLocalization (17.0.9):
+    - ExpoModulesCore
   - ExpoModulesCore (3.0.30):
     - hermes-engine
     - RCTRequired
@@ -2239,6 +2241,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES:
   - ExpoImagePicker (from `../node_modules/expo-image-picker/ios`)
   - ExpoKeepAwake (from `../node_modules/expo-keep-awake/ios`)
   - ExpoLinking (from `../node_modules/expo-linking/ios`)
+  - ExpoLocalization (from `../node_modules/expo-localization/ios`)
   - ExpoModulesCore (from `../node_modules/expo-modules-core`)
   - ExpoPrint (from `../node_modules/expo-print/ios`)
   - ExpoSharing (from `../node_modules/expo-sharing/ios`)
@@ -2358,6 +2361,8 @@ EXTERNAL SOURCES:
     :path: "../node_modules/expo-keep-awake/ios"
   ExpoLinking:
     :path: "../node_modules/expo-linking/ios"
+  ExpoLocalization:
+    :path: "../node_modules/expo-localization/ios"
   ExpoModulesCore:
     :path: "../node_modules/expo-modules-core"
   ExpoPrint:
@@ -2539,6 +2544,7 @@ SPEC CHECKSUMS:
   ExpoImagePicker: ade85e148f735fc7e6f27dfe3eef28eb3887e90a
   ExpoKeepAwake: 55f75eca6499bb9e4231ebad6f3e9cb8f99c0296
   ExpoLinking: 2ef632ad5013e3f1568fae9408d56ab9af5efc55
+  ExpoLocalization: d936ff63557366e2e487264f5b495b1f0637fabd
   ExpoModulesCore: 9e6a5514828e7dd5ded9e99d33557be2d284e660
   ExpoPrint: 813bfa965eda2ecc4b1cdc61612c820e239c382a
   ExpoSharing: 0d983394ed4a80334bab5a0d5384f75710feb7e8
diff --git a/package-lock.json b/package-lock.json
index 2b31e28..53dc7c5 100644
--- a/package-lock.json
+++ b/package-lock.json
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
         "expo-haptics": "~15.0.8",
         "expo-image-picker": "~17.0.11",
         "expo-linking": "~8.0.12",
+        "expo-localization": "~17.0.9",
         "expo-print": "~15.0.8",
         "expo-router": "~6.0.23",
         "expo-sharing": "~14.0.8",
@@ -3525,7 +3526,7 @@
       "version": "19.1.17",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/react/-/react-19.1.17.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-Qec1E3mhALmaspIrhWt9jkQMNdw6bReVu64mjvhbhq2NFPftLPVr+l1SZgmw/66WwBNpDh7ao5AT6gF5v41PFA==",
-      "devOptional": true,
+      "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
         "csstype": "^3.0.2"
@@ -4545,7 +4546,7 @@
       "version": "3.2.3",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/csstype/-/csstype-3.2.3.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-z1HGKcYy2xA8AGQfwrn0PAy+PB7X/GSj3UVJW9qKyn43xWa+gl5nXmU4qqLMRzWVLFC8KusUX8T/0kCiOYpAIQ==",
-      "devOptional": true,
+      "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT"
     },
     "node_modules/debug": {
@@ -5011,6 +5012,19 @@
         "react-native": "*"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/expo-localization": {
+      "version": "17.0.9",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/expo-localization/-/expo-localization-17.0.9.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-k5eYHr7iLMob3M8cHH6bgDrDRmqnZG8xKGLhpx8ST+LsFXmSgYpJ/t0VwWm0gz64C/K669XhObdG3D6QwCGqhw==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "rtl-detect": "^1.0.2"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "expo": "*",
+        "react": "*"
+      }
+    },
     "node_modules/expo-manifests": {
       "version": "1.0.11",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/expo-manifests/-/expo-manifests-1.0.11.tgz",
@@ -7683,26 +7697,6 @@
         }
       }
     },
-    "node_modules/react-dom": {
-      "version": "19.2.8",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/react-dom/-/react-dom-19.2.8.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-rVprimfGBG3DR+Tq0IQG2DT5PxKth1WIGDmj5yPmlzr4YBe7uyE+Du4oVqTDXZSHGGGXRtTJEGSSePyQCMBglQ==",
-      "license": "MIT",
-      "peer": true,
-      "dependencies": {
-        "scheduler": "^0.27.0"
-      },
-      "peerDependencies": {
-        "react": "^19.2.8"
-      }
-    },
-    "node_modules/react-dom/node_modules/scheduler": {
-      "version": "0.27.0",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/scheduler/-/scheduler-0.27.0.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-eNv+WrVbKu1f3vbYJT/xtiF5syA5HPIMtf9IgY/nKg0sWqzAUEvqY/xm7OcZc/qafLx/iO9FgOmeSAp4v5ti/Q==",
-      "license": "MIT",
-      "peer": true
-    },
     "node_modules/react-fast-compare": {
       "version": "3.2.2",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/react-fast-compare/-/react-fast-compare-3.2.2.tgz",
@@ -8200,6 +8194,12 @@
         "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/isaacs"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/rtl-detect": {
+      "version": "1.1.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/rtl-detect/-/rtl-detect-1.1.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-PGMBq03+TTG/p/cRB7HCLKJ1MgDIi07+QU1faSjiYRfmY5UsAttV9Hs08jDAHVwcOwmVLcSJkpwyfXszVjWfIQ==",
+      "license": "BSD-3-Clause"
+    },
     "node_modules/safe-buffer": {
       "version": "5.2.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/safe-buffer/-/safe-buffer-5.2.1.tgz",
@@ -8921,7 +8921,7 @@
       "version": "5.9.3",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/typescript/-/typescript-5.9.3.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-jl1vZzPDinLr9eUt3J/t7V6FgNEw9QjvBPdysz9KfQDD41fQrC2Y4vKQdiaUpFT4bXlb1RHhLpp8wtm6M5TgSw==",
-      "devOptional": true,
+      "dev": true,
       "license": "Apache-2.0",
       "bin": {
         "tsc": "bin/tsc",
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 62943d3..58859e7 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
     "expo-haptics": "~15.0.8",
     "expo-image-picker": "~17.0.11",
     "expo-linking": "~8.0.12",
+    "expo-localization": "~17.0.9",
     "expo-print": "~15.0.8",
     "expo-router": "~6.0.23",
     "expo-sharing": "~14.0.8",
diff --git a/src/components/library/CommunityInviteSheet.tsx b/src/components/library/CommunityInviteSheet.tsx
index cfd09c5..5252d44 100644
--- a/src/components/library/CommunityInviteSheet.tsx
+++ b/src/components/library/CommunityInviteSheet.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import React from 'react';
 import { Pressable, ScrollView, StyleSheet, Text, View } from 'react-native';
 import { Ionicons } from '@expo/vector-icons';
 import { useTheme } from '../../hooks/useTheme';
+import { t } from '../../i18n';
 import { radius, spacing } from '../../theme/spacing';
 import { Sheet } from '../ui/Sheet';
 
@@ -34,14 +35,13 @@ export function CommunityInviteSheet({
           maxFontSizeMultiplier={2}
           style={[styles.title, { color: theme.colors.text }]}
         >
-          Help shape OpenNotes.
+          {t.community.title}
         </Text>
         <Text
           maxFontSizeMultiplier={2}
           style={[styles.body, { color: theme.colors.textSecondary }]}
         >
-          Share ideas, vote on what comes next, and meet people who believe notes
-          should stay free.
+          {t.community.body}
         </Text>
         <Pressable
           accessibilityRole="button"
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ export function CommunityInviteSheet({
             numberOfLines={1}
             style={styles.primaryText}
           >
-            Join the community
+            {t.community.join}
           </Text>
         </Pressable>
         <Pressable
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ export function CommunityInviteSheet({
             numberOfLines={1}
             style={[styles.laterText, { color: theme.colors.textSecondary }]}
           >
-            Not now
+            {t.common.notNow}
           </Text>
         </Pressable>
       </ScrollView>
diff --git a/src/components/library/CreateNoteBackgroundSheet.tsx b/src/components/library/CreateNoteBackgroundSheet.tsx
index 81390ef..6dee62b 100644
--- a/src/components/library/CreateNoteBackgroundSheet.tsx
+++ b/src/components/library/CreateNoteBackgroundSheet.tsx
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ import { Sheet } from '../ui/Sheet';
 import { useTheme } from '../../hooks/useTheme';
 import { radius, spacing } from '../../theme/spacing';
 import { typography } from '../../theme/typography';
-import { BACKGROUND_LABELS, BACKGROUND_TYPES } from '../../types/note';
+import { BACKGROUND_TYPES } from '../../types/note';
+import { t } from '../../i18n';
 import type { BackgroundType } from '../../types/note';
 
 export interface CreateNoteBackgroundSheetProps {
@@ -41,12 +42,12 @@ export function CreateNoteBackgroundSheet({
     <Sheet visible={visible} onClose={onClose}>
       <View style={styles.content}>
         <Text style={[typography.title, styles.title, { color: theme.colors.text }]}>
-          New note
+          {t.library.newNoteSheetTitle}
         </Text>
         <TextInput
           value={title}
           onChangeText={setTitle}
-          placeholder="Title"
+          placeholder={t.library.titlePlaceholder}
           placeholderTextColor={theme.colors.textTertiary}
           returnKeyType="done"
           style={[
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ export function CreateNoteBackgroundSheet({
               adjustsFontSizeToFit
               minimumFontScale={0.85}
             >
-              {BACKGROUND_LABELS[type]}
+              {t.library.backgrounds[type]}
             </Text>
           </Pressable>
         ))}
diff --git a/src/components/library/FolderCard.tsx b/src/components/library/FolderCard.tsx
index 9398a3b..06b68c8 100644
--- a/src/components/library/FolderCard.tsx
+++ b/src/components/library/FolderCard.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import React from 'react';
 import { Pressable, StyleSheet, Text, View, useWindowDimensions } from 'react-native';
 import { Ionicons } from '@expo/vector-icons';
 import { useTheme } from '../../hooks/useTheme';
+import { t } from '../../i18n';
 import { radius, spacing } from '../../theme/spacing';
 import { typography } from '../../theme/typography';
 import type { FolderMetadata } from '../../types/note';
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ export function FolderCard({ folder, noteCount, onPress, onLongPress, onMenuPres
         style={[typography.caption, styles.meta, { color: theme.colors.textTertiary }]}
         numberOfLines={1}
       >
-        {noteCount === 0 ? 'Empty' : `${noteCount} note${noteCount === 1 ? '' : 's'}`}
+        {noteCount === 0 ? t.library.folderEmpty : t.library.noteCount(noteCount)}
       </Text>
     </Pressable>
   );
diff --git a/src/components/library/FolderPickerSheet.tsx b/src/components/library/FolderPickerSheet.tsx
index c36b678..5dd95d1 100644
--- a/src/components/library/FolderPickerSheet.tsx
+++ b/src/components/library/FolderPickerSheet.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { Pressable, ScrollView, StyleSheet, Text, View } from 'react-native';
 import { MaterialIcons } from '@expo/vector-icons';
 import { Sheet } from '../ui/Sheet';
 import { useTheme } from '../../hooks/useTheme';
+import { t } from '../../i18n';
 import { radius, spacing } from '../../theme/spacing';
 import { typography } from '../../theme/typography';
 import type { FolderMetadata } from '../../types/note';
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ export function FolderPickerSheet({
       >
         {allowMoveToRoot ? (
           <Row
-            label="Root"
+            label={t.library.root}
             iconName="folder-open"
             active={currentFolderId === null}
             onPress={() => {
diff --git a/src/components/library/LibraryHeader.tsx b/src/components/library/LibraryHeader.tsx
index 07c778f..eb269f7 100644
--- a/src/components/library/LibraryHeader.tsx
+++ b/src/components/library/LibraryHeader.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import React from 'react';
 import { Pressable, StyleSheet, Text, View } from 'react-native';
 import { Ionicons } from '@expo/vector-icons';
 import { useTheme } from '../../hooks/useTheme';
+import { t } from '../../i18n';
 import { spacing } from '../../theme/spacing';
 import { typography } from '../../theme/typography';
 
@@ -38,7 +39,7 @@ export function LibraryHeader({
           key: 'primary',
           icon: rightIcon,
           label: rightLabel,
-          accessibilityLabel: rightLabel ?? 'Header action',
+          accessibilityLabel: rightLabel ?? t.library.headerActionA11y,
           onPress: onRightPress,
         }]
       : [];
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ export function LibraryHeader({
             style={({ pressed }) => [styles.backButton, pressed && { opacity: 0.6 }]}
           >
             <Ionicons name="chevron-back" size={28} color={theme.colors.accent} />
-            <Text style={[typography.body, { color: theme.colors.accent }]}>Library</Text>
+            <Text style={[typography.body, { color: theme.colors.accent }]}>{t.library.backLabel}</Text>
           </Pressable>
         ) : null}
       </View>
diff --git a/src/components/library/NoteCard.tsx b/src/components/library/NoteCard.tsx
index 0d3bcc0..c9acb9c 100644
--- a/src/components/library/NoteCard.tsx
+++ b/src/components/library/NoteCard.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import React from 'react';
 import { Image, Pressable, StyleSheet, Text, View, useWindowDimensions } from 'react-native';
 import { Ionicons } from '@expo/vector-icons';
 import { useTheme } from '../../hooks/useTheme';
+import { t } from '../../i18n';
 import { radius, spacing } from '../../theme/spacing';
 import { typography } from '../../theme/typography';
 import { formatRelative } from '../../utils/relativeTime';
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ export function NoteCard({ note, onPress, onLongPress, onMenuPress }: NoteCardPr
         style={[typography.footnote, styles.title, { color: theme.colors.text }]}
         numberOfLines={2}
       >
-        {note.title || 'Untitled'}
+        {note.title || t.common.untitled}
       </Text>
       <Text
         style={[typography.caption, styles.meta, { color: theme.colors.textTertiary }]}
diff --git a/src/components/library/OpenNotesSheet.tsx b/src/components/library/OpenNotesSheet.tsx
index f90c425..3730a7c 100644
--- a/src/components/library/OpenNotesSheet.tsx
+++ b/src/components/library/OpenNotesSheet.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { radius, spacing } from '../../theme/spacing';
 import { typography } from '../../theme/typography';
 import { Sheet } from '../ui/Sheet';
 import { OPEN_NOTES_LINKS, openExternalLink } from '../../services/externalLinks';
+import { t } from '../../i18n';
 
 interface OpenNotesSheetProps {
   visible: boolean;
@@ -45,13 +46,13 @@ export function OpenNotesSheet({
           maxFontSizeMultiplier={2}
           style={[styles.title, { color: theme.colors.text }]}
         >
-          Free notes need a little help.
+          {t.sheet.title}
         </Text>
         <Text
           maxFontSizeMultiplier={2}
           style={[styles.subtitle, { color: theme.colors.textSecondary }]}
         >
-          Everything here is optional. Writing notes never depends on it.
+          {t.sheet.subtitle}
         </Text>
 
         <View
@@ -65,28 +66,28 @@ export function OpenNotesSheet({
         >
           <SupportRow
             icon="people-outline"
-            title="Join the community"
-            subtitle="Ideas, updates, and conversations"
+            title={t.sheet.joinTitle}
+            subtitle={t.sheet.joinSubtitle}
             onPress={onJoinCommunity}
           />
           <SupportRow
             icon="star-outline"
-            title="Rate OpenNotes"
-            subtitle="Leave an App Store review"
+            title={t.sheet.rateTitle}
+            subtitle={t.sheet.rateSubtitle}
             onPress={onRate}
           />
           <SupportRow
             icon="logo-github"
-            title="Star on GitHub"
-            subtitle="Follow the open-source project"
+            title={t.sheet.githubTitle}
+            subtitle={t.sheet.githubSubtitle}
             onPress={() => {
               void openExternalLink(OPEN_NOTES_LINKS.github, 'OpenNotesSheet');
             }}
           />
           <SupportRow
             icon="book-outline"
-            title="Our mission"
-            subtitle="Why OpenNotes stays free and private"
+            title={t.sheet.missionTitle}
+            subtitle={t.sheet.missionSubtitle}
             onPress={onViewIntroduction}
             isLast
           />
@@ -104,13 +105,13 @@ export function OpenNotesSheet({
           >
           <SupportRow
             icon="cloud-outline"
-            title="iCloud backup"
+            title={t.backup.rowTitle}
             subtitle={backupSubtitle}
             isLast
             trailing={
               backupEnabled !== null ? (
                 <Switch
-                  accessibilityLabel="iCloud backup"
+                  accessibilityLabel={t.backup.rowTitle}
                   value={backupEnabled}
                   onValueChange={onToggleBackup}
                 />
@@ -122,19 +123,19 @@ export function OpenNotesSheet({
 
         <View style={styles.utilityLinks}>
           <UtilityLink
-            label="Privacy"
+            label={t.sheet.privacy}
             onPress={() => {
               void openExternalLink(OPEN_NOTES_LINKS.privacy, 'OpenNotesSheet');
             }}
           />
           <UtilityLink
-            label="Terms"
+            label={t.sheet.terms}
             onPress={() => {
               void openExternalLink(OPEN_NOTES_LINKS.terms, 'OpenNotesSheet');
             }}
           />
           <UtilityLink
-            label="Support"
+            label={t.sheet.support}
             onPress={() => {
               void openExternalLink(OPEN_NOTES_LINKS.support, 'OpenNotesSheet');
             }}
diff --git a/src/components/library/RenameDialog.tsx b/src/components/library/RenameDialog.tsx
index 5975cd4..ad4e27c 100644
--- a/src/components/library/RenameDialog.tsx
+++ b/src/components/library/RenameDialog.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
   View,
 } from 'react-native';
 import { useTheme } from '../../hooks/useTheme';
+import { t } from '../../i18n';
 import { radius, spacing } from '../../theme/spacing';
 import { typography } from '../../theme/typography';
 
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ export function RenameDialog({
   title,
   initialValue,
   placeholder,
-  confirmLabel = 'Save',
+  confirmLabel = t.common.save,
   onCancel,
   onConfirm,
 }: RenameDialogProps) {
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@ export function RenameDialog({
                 style={[styles.button, { backgroundColor: theme.colors.surfaceMuted }]}
                 onPress={onCancel}
               >
-                <Text style={[typography.headline, { color: theme.colors.text }]}>Cancel</Text>
+                <Text style={[typography.headline, { color: theme.colors.text }]}>{t.common.cancel}</Text>
               </Pressable>
               <Pressable
                 style={[styles.button, { backgroundColor: theme.colors.accent }]}
diff --git a/src/components/onboarding/OnboardingExperience.tsx b/src/components/onboarding/OnboardingExperience.tsx
index 2bab698..98301bc 100644
--- a/src/components/onboarding/OnboardingExperience.tsx
+++ b/src/components/onboarding/OnboardingExperience.tsx
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import * as Haptics from 'expo-haptics';
 import { useSafeAreaInsets } from 'react-native-safe-area-context';
 import { useTheme } from '../../hooks/useTheme';
 import { radius, spacing } from '../../theme/spacing';
+import { t } from '../../i18n';
 
 interface OnboardingSlideItem {
   key: string;
@@ -28,33 +29,33 @@ interface OnboardingSlideItem {
 const SLIDES: OnboardingSlideItem[] = [
   {
     key: 'free',
-    title: 'Notes should\nbe free.',
-    body: 'So OpenNotes is. Write by hand, mark up PDFs, and keep every page without a subscription.',
+    title: t.onboarding.slides.free.title,
+    body: t.onboarding.slides.free.body,
     image: require('../../../assets/onboarding/write-freely.png'),
-    imageLabel: 'Paper and an aluminum stylus drawing a blue line',
+    imageLabel: t.onboarding.slides.free.imageLabel,
   },
   {
     key: 'privacy',
-    title: 'And they should\nstay yours.',
-    body: 'No account. No tracking. Your notes stay on your device until you decide otherwise.',
+    title: t.onboarding.slides.privacy.title,
+    body: t.onboarding.slides.privacy.body,
     image: require('../../../assets/onboarding/private-by-design.png'),
-    imageLabel: 'A note secured inside a glass archival case',
+    imageLabel: t.onboarding.slides.privacy.imageLabel,
   },
   {
     key: 'mission',
-    title: 'Built for everyone.',
-    body: 'OpenNotes is free, private, and built in the open. That is the promise.',
+    title: t.onboarding.slides.mission.title,
+    body: t.onboarding.slides.mission.body,
     image: require('../../../assets/onboarding/help-it-grow.png'),
-    imageLabel: 'An open notebook with three woven bookmarks meeting at its binding',
+    imageLabel: t.onboarding.slides.mission.imageLabel,
   },
 ];
 
 const BACKUP_SLIDE: OnboardingSlideItem = {
   key: 'backup',
-  title: 'Safe, even from\ndisasters.',
-  body: 'A lost iPad, a hard crash, a deleted app — with iCloud backup your notes survive them all, in your own iCloud. Nothing ever leaves your Apple account.',
+  title: t.onboarding.slides.backup.title,
+  body: t.onboarding.slides.backup.body,
   image: require('../../../assets/onboarding/private-by-design.png'),
-  imageLabel: 'A note protected inside a clear case, safe from harm',
+  imageLabel: t.onboarding.slides.backup.imageLabel,
 };
 
 export interface OnboardingExperienceProps {
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@ export function OnboardingExperience({
         <View style={styles.header}>
           <View
             accessibilityRole="tablist"
-            accessibilityLabel="Introduction progress"
+            accessibilityLabel={t.onboarding.progressA11y}
             style={styles.progress}
           >
             {slides.map((slide, index) => (
@@ -169,7 +170,7 @@ export function OnboardingExperience({
           </View>
           <Pressable
             accessibilityRole="button"
-            accessibilityLabel="Skip introduction"
+            accessibilityLabel={t.onboarding.skipA11y}
             onPress={finish}
             hitSlop={10}
             style={({ pressed }) => [styles.skip, pressed && styles.pressed]}
@@ -179,7 +180,7 @@ export function OnboardingExperience({
               numberOfLines={1}
               style={[styles.skipText, { color: theme.colors.textSecondary }]}
             >
-              Skip
+              {t.onboarding.skip}
             </Text>
           </Pressable>
         </View>
@@ -223,10 +224,10 @@ export function OnboardingExperience({
               style={styles.primaryButtonText}
             >
               {isBackupPage
-                ? 'Enable iCloud backup'
+                ? t.onboarding.enableBackup
                 : isLastPage
-                  ? 'Start writing'
-                  : 'Continue'}
+                  ? t.onboarding.startWriting
+                  : t.common.continue}
             </Text>
             <Ionicons
               name={
@@ -251,7 +252,7 @@ export function OnboardingExperience({
                 numberOfLines={1}
                 style={[styles.secondaryButtonText, { color: theme.colors.textSecondary }]}
               >
-                Continue without backup
+                {t.onboarding.continueWithoutBackup}
               </Text>
             </Pressable>
           ) : null}
diff --git a/src/hooks/useBackup.ts b/src/hooks/useBackup.ts
index 7588381..7fdfef4 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useBackup.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useBackup.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
   setBackupEnabled,
 } from '../services/backupService';
 import { formatRelative } from '../utils/relativeTime';
+import { t } from '../i18n';
 
 export interface UseBackupResult {
   /** False on platforms without a backup implementation (Android, for now). */
@@ -76,20 +77,19 @@ export function useBackup(
     restorePromptShownRef.current = true;
 
     const when = availability.lastBackupAt
-      ? ` (backed up ${formatRelative(new Date(availability.lastBackupAt).toISOString())})`
-      : '';
-    const noun = availability.noteCount === 1 ? 'note' : 'notes';
+      ? formatRelative(new Date(availability.lastBackupAt).toISOString())
+      : null;
     Alert.alert(
-      'Restore your notes?',
-      `An iCloud backup with ${availability.noteCount} ${noun}${when} was found for this device's account.`,
+      t.backup.restoreTitle,
+      t.backup.restoreMessage(t.library.noteCount(availability.noteCount), when),
       [
         {
-          text: 'Not now',
+          text: t.common.notNow,
           style: 'cancel',
           onPress: () => scheduleBackupSync(),
         },
         {
-          text: 'Restore',
+          text: t.backup.restoreAction,
           onPress: () => {
             void (async () => {
               const result = await performBackupRestore();
@@ -97,13 +97,13 @@ export function useBackup(
               await refreshLibrary();
               scheduleBackupSync();
               if (result.status === 'ok') {
-                Alert.alert('Restore complete', `${result.restored} files restored.`);
+                Alert.alert(t.backup.restoreCompleteTitle, t.backup.restoreCompleteMessage(result.restored));
               } else {
                 Alert.alert(
-                  'Restore finished with problems',
+                  t.backup.restoreProblemsTitle,
                   result.status === 'partial'
-                    ? `${result.restored} files restored, ${result.failed} could not be read from iCloud. Try again later for the rest.`
-                    : 'iCloud is not reachable right now. Try again later.',
+                    ? t.backup.restorePartialMessage(result.restored, result.failed)
+                    : t.backup.restoreUnavailableMessage,
                 );
               }
             })();
@@ -129,12 +129,12 @@ export function useBackup(
       return;
     }
     Alert.alert(
-      'Turn off iCloud backup?',
-      'Your notes will exist only on this device. Deleting the app will permanently delete them.',
+      t.backup.turnOffTitle,
+      t.backup.turnOffMessage,
       [
-        { text: 'Keep backup on', style: 'cancel' },
+        { text: t.backup.keepOn, style: 'cancel' },
         {
-          text: 'Turn off',
+          text: t.backup.turnOffConfirm,
           style: 'destructive',
           onPress: () => setBackupPreference(false),
         },
@@ -144,10 +144,10 @@ export function useBackup(
 
   const backupSubtitle =
     enabled === false
-      ? 'Off — notes exist only on this device'
+      ? t.backup.statusOff
       : available === false
-        ? 'iCloud unavailable — sign in to iCloud to protect your notes'
-        : 'Automatic — your notes survive app deletion';
+        ? t.backup.statusUnavailable
+        : t.backup.statusAutomatic;
 
   return {
     backupSupported: BACKUP_SUPPORTED,
diff --git a/src/hooks/useLibrarySupport.ts b/src/hooks/useLibrarySupport.ts
index b88b81d..6577458 100644
--- a/src/hooks/useLibrarySupport.ts
+++ b/src/hooks/useLibrarySupport.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { useCallback, useRef } from 'react';
 import { Alert } from 'react-native';
 import { useFocusEffect } from 'expo-router';
 import { OPEN_NOTES_LINKS, openExternalLink } from '../services/externalLinks';
+import { t } from '../i18n';
 import {
   claimCommunityPrompt,
   requestAutomaticReviewIfEligible,
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ export function useLibrarySupport({
       onClose();
     } catch (error) {
       if (__DEV__) console.warn('[useLibrarySupport] join failed', error);
-      Alert.alert('Could not update community status', 'Please try again.');
+      Alert.alert(t.community.couldNotUpdateTitle, t.common.pleaseTryAgain);
     } finally {
       actionInFlightRef.current = false;
     }
@@ -84,13 +85,13 @@ export function useLibrarySupport({
       const requested = await requestManualReview();
       if (!requested) {
         Alert.alert(
-          'Ratings are not available yet',
-          'The rating option becomes available when OpenNotes is installed from an app store.',
+          t.community.ratingsUnavailableTitle,
+          t.community.ratingsUnavailableMessage,
         );
       }
     } catch (error) {
       if (__DEV__) console.warn('[useLibrarySupport] review failed', error);
-      Alert.alert('Could not open ratings', 'Please try again later.');
+      Alert.alert(t.community.couldNotOpenRatingsTitle, t.common.pleaseTryAgainLater);
     } finally {
       actionInFlightRef.current = false;
     }
diff --git a/src/i18n/index.ts b/src/i18n/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb184d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import { en, type Strings } from './locales/en';
+import { de } from './locales/de';
+import { fr } from './locales/fr';
+import { es } from './locales/es';
+import { it } from './locales/it';
+import { pt } from './locales/pt';
+import { ja } from './locales/ja';
+import { ko } from './locales/ko';
+import { nl } from './locales/nl';
+import { ru } from './locales/ru';
+import { zhHans } from './locales/zhHans';
+import { zhHant } from './locales/zhHant';
+
+const BY_LANGUAGE: Record<string, Strings> = {
+  en,
+  de,
+  fr,
+  es,
+  it,
+  pt,
+  ja,
+  ko,
+  nl,
+  ru,
+};
+
+const TRADITIONAL_REGIONS = new Set(['TW', 'HK', 'MO']);
+
+/**
+ * Resolves the string catalog once at startup from the device's preferred
+ * languages (a locale change on iOS restarts the app, so static resolution
+ * is safe). Falls back to English for unsupported languages or if the
+ * localization module is unavailable.
+ */
+interface DeviceLocale {
+  languageCode: string | null;
+  languageScriptCode?: string | null;
+  languageRegionCode?: string | null;
+  regionCode: string | null;
+}
+
+function resolveStrings(): Strings {
+  let locales: DeviceLocale[];
+  try {
+    // Required lazily inside try: importing expo-localization throws at load
+    // time when the native module is absent (older binary, unit tests), and
+    // the app must fall back to English rather than crash.
+    const { getLocales } = require('expo-localization') as {
+      getLocales: () => DeviceLocale[];
+    };
+    locales = getLocales();
+  } catch {
+    return en;
+  }
+  for (const locale of locales) {
+    const lang = locale.languageCode;
+    if (!lang) continue;
+    if (lang === 'zh') {
+      // The script code is authoritative when present (iOS always sets it
+      // for Chinese); the region is only a fallback, and the LANGUAGE's
+      // region at that - regionCode is the device Region setting, which must
+      // not override an explicit Hans/Hant choice.
+      const traditional = locale.languageScriptCode
+        ? locale.languageScriptCode === 'Hant'
+        : TRADITIONAL_REGIONS.has(locale.languageRegionCode ?? locale.regionCode ?? '');
+      return traditional ? zhHant : zhHans;
+    }
+    const match = BY_LANGUAGE[lang];
+    if (match) return match;
+  }
+  return en;
+}
+
+/** The active string catalog. Import `t` and read `t.section.key`. */
+export const t: Strings = resolveStrings();
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/de.ts b/src/i18n/locales/de.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b78fdf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/de.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+import type { Strings } from './en';
+
+export const de: Strings = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: 'Abbrechen',
+    delete: 'Löschen',
+    rename: 'Umbenennen',
+    save: 'Sichern',
+    create: 'Erstellen',
+    continue: 'Weiter',
+    notNow: 'Nicht jetzt',
+    untitled: 'Ohne Titel',
+    folder: 'Ordner',
+    pleaseTryAgain: 'Bitte versuche es erneut.',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: 'Bitte versuche es später erneut.',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: 'Bibliothek',
+    foldersSection: 'Ordner',
+    notesSection: 'Notizen',
+    emptyTitle: 'Noch keine Notizen',
+    emptySubtitle: 'Tippe auf das Plus, um deine erste Notiz oder deinen ersten Ordner zu erstellen.',
+    emptyFolderTitle: 'Leerer Ordner',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `Tippe auf das Plus, um eine Notiz zu ${folderName} hinzuzufügen.`,
+    thisFolder: 'diesem Ordner',
+    newNote: 'Neue Notiz',
+    newFolder: 'Neuer Ordner',
+    createTitle: 'Erstellen',
+    newFolderTitle: 'Neuer Ordner',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: 'Ordnername',
+    renameNoteTitle: 'Notiz umbenennen',
+    renameFolderTitle: 'Ordner umbenennen',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: 'Titel der Notiz',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: 'Neue Notiz',
+    titlePlaceholder: 'Titel',
+    moveToFolder: 'In Ordner verschieben',
+    moveToRoot: 'Aus Ordner entfernen',
+    root: 'Oberste Ebene',
+    folderEmpty: 'Leer',
+    noteCount: (count: number) => (count === 1 ? '1 Notiz' : `${count} Notizen`),
+    supportA11y: 'OpenNotes unterstützen',
+    headerActionA11y: 'Kopfzeilenaktion',
+    deleteNoteTitle: 'Notiz löschen?',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `„${title}“ wird endgültig gelöscht.`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: 'Ordner löschen?',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `„${name}“ wird gelöscht. Die Notizen bleiben in deiner Bibliothek.`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: 'Ordner löschen',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: 'Löschen (Notizen behalten)',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: 'Ordner und Notizen löschen?',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `„${name}“ und ${noteText} darin werden endgültig gelöscht.`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: 'Ordner und alle Notizen löschen',
+    deleteAllLabel: 'Alles löschen',
+    couldNotCreateNote: 'Notiz konnte nicht erstellt werden',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: 'Notiz konnte nicht gelöscht werden',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: 'Ordner konnte nicht gelöscht werden',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: 'Blanko',
+      lined: 'Liniert',
+      grid: 'Kariert',
+      dotted: 'Gepunktet',
+      graph: 'Millimeterpapier',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: 'Fortschritt der Einführung',
+    skip: 'Überspringen',
+    skipA11y: 'Einführung überspringen',
+    startWriting: 'Loslegen',
+    enableBackup: 'iCloud-Backup aktivieren',
+    continueWithoutBackup: 'Ohne Backup fortfahren',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: 'Notizen sollten\nfrei sein.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes ist es. Schreibe von Hand, markiere PDFs und behalte jede Seite — ohne Abo.',
+        imageLabel: 'Papier und ein Aluminium-Stift, der eine blaue Linie zeichnet',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: 'Und sie sollten\ndir gehören.',
+        body: 'Kein Konto. Kein Tracking. Deine Notizen bleiben auf deinem Gerät, bis du dich anders entscheidest.',
+        imageLabel: 'Eine Notiz, sicher in einer gläsernen Archivbox',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: 'Für alle gebaut.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes ist kostenlos, privat und offen entwickelt. Das ist das Versprechen.',
+        imageLabel: 'Ein offenes Notizbuch mit drei gewebten Lesezeichen am Falz',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: 'Sicher, selbst bei\nKatastrophen.',
+        body: 'Ein verlorenes iPad, ein Absturz, eine gelöschte App — mit iCloud-Backup überstehen deine Notizen alles, in deiner eigenen iCloud. Nichts verlässt jemals deinen Apple-Account.',
+        imageLabel: 'Eine Notiz, geschützt in einer klaren Hülle, sicher vor Schaden',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'iCloud-Backup',
+    statusAutomatic: 'Automatisch — deine Notizen überstehen das Löschen der App',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloud nicht verfügbar — melde dich bei iCloud an, um deine Notizen zu schützen',
+    statusOff: 'Aus — Notizen existieren nur auf diesem Gerät',
+    turnOffTitle: 'iCloud-Backup ausschalten?',
+    turnOffMessage:
+      'Deine Notizen existieren dann nur auf diesem Gerät. Wird die App gelöscht, sind sie endgültig verloren.',
+    turnOffConfirm: 'Ausschalten',
+    keepOn: 'Backup anlassen',
+    restoreTitle: 'Notizen wiederherstellen?',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `Ein iCloud-Backup mit ${noteText}${when ? ` (gesichert ${when})` : ''} wurde für den Account dieses Geräts gefunden.`,
+    restoreAction: 'Wiederherstellen',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: 'Wiederherstellung abgeschlossen',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) => `${count} Dateien wiederhergestellt.`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: 'Wiederherstellung mit Problemen beendet',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `${restored} Dateien wiederhergestellt, ${failed} konnten nicht aus iCloud gelesen werden. Versuche es für den Rest später erneut.`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: 'iCloud ist gerade nicht erreichbar. Versuche es später erneut.',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: 'Freie Notizen brauchen etwas Hilfe.',
+    subtitle: 'Alles hier ist freiwillig. Notizen schreiben hängt nie davon ab.',
+    joinTitle: 'Community beitreten',
+    joinSubtitle: 'Ideen, Updates und Gespräche',
+    rateTitle: 'OpenNotes bewerten',
+    rateSubtitle: 'Eine App-Store-Bewertung hinterlassen',
+    githubTitle: 'Auf GitHub folgen',
+    githubSubtitle: 'Dem Open-Source-Projekt folgen',
+    missionTitle: 'Unsere Mission',
+    missionSubtitle: 'Warum OpenNotes frei und privat bleibt',
+    privacy: 'Datenschutz',
+    terms: 'Bedingungen',
+    support: 'Support',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: 'Gestalte OpenNotes mit.',
+    body: 'Teile Ideen, stimme über die nächsten Schritte ab und triff Menschen, die finden, dass Notizen frei bleiben sollten.',
+    join: 'Community beitreten',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: 'Community-Status konnte nicht aktualisiert werden',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: 'Bewertungen sind noch nicht verfügbar',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage:
+      'Die Bewertungsfunktion wird verfügbar, wenn OpenNotes aus einem App Store installiert ist.',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: 'Bewertungen konnten nicht geöffnet werden',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: 'gerade eben',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `vor ${m} Min.`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `vor ${h} Std.`,
+    yesterday: 'gestern',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `vor ${d} T.`,
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/en.ts b/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2dfa23c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/en.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+// Master string catalog. Every other locale file is typed as `Strings`, so
+// the compiler enforces that no key is ever missing from a translation.
+export const en = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: 'Cancel',
+    delete: 'Delete',
+    rename: 'Rename',
+    save: 'Save',
+    create: 'Create',
+    continue: 'Continue',
+    notNow: 'Not now',
+    untitled: 'Untitled',
+    folder: 'Folder',
+    pleaseTryAgain: 'Please try again.',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: 'Please try again later.',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: 'Library',
+    foldersSection: 'Folders',
+    notesSection: 'Notes',
+    emptyTitle: 'No notes yet',
+    emptySubtitle: 'Tap the plus button to create your first note or folder.',
+    emptyFolderTitle: 'Empty folder',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `Tap the plus button to add a note to ${folderName}.`,
+    thisFolder: 'this folder',
+    newNote: 'New Note',
+    newFolder: 'New Folder',
+    createTitle: 'Create',
+    newFolderTitle: 'New folder',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: 'Folder name',
+    renameNoteTitle: 'Rename note',
+    renameFolderTitle: 'Rename folder',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: 'Note title',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: 'New note',
+    titlePlaceholder: 'Title',
+    moveToFolder: 'Move to Folder',
+    moveToRoot: 'Move to Root',
+    root: 'Root',
+    folderEmpty: 'Empty',
+    noteCount: (count: number) => (count === 1 ? '1 note' : `${count} notes`),
+    supportA11y: 'Support OpenNotes',
+    headerActionA11y: 'Header action',
+    deleteNoteTitle: 'Delete note?',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `"${title}" will be permanently deleted.`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: 'Delete folder?',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `"${name}" will be deleted. Its notes will stay in your library.`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: 'Delete Folder',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: 'Delete (keep notes)',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: 'Delete folder and notes?',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `"${name}" and ${noteText} inside it will be permanently deleted.`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: 'Delete folder and all notes',
+    deleteAllLabel: 'Delete All',
+    couldNotCreateNote: 'Could not create note',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: 'Could not delete note',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: 'Could not delete folder',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: 'Plain',
+      lined: 'Lined',
+      grid: 'Grid',
+      dotted: 'Dotted',
+      graph: 'Graph',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: 'Introduction progress',
+    skip: 'Skip',
+    skipA11y: 'Skip introduction',
+    startWriting: 'Start writing',
+    enableBackup: 'Enable iCloud backup',
+    continueWithoutBackup: 'Continue without backup',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: 'Notes should\nbe free.',
+        body: 'So OpenNotes is. Write by hand, mark up PDFs, and keep every page without a subscription.',
+        imageLabel: 'Paper and an aluminum stylus drawing a blue line',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: 'And they should\nstay yours.',
+        body: 'No account. No tracking. Your notes stay on your device until you decide otherwise.',
+        imageLabel: 'A note secured inside a glass archival case',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: 'Built for everyone.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes is free, private, and built in the open. That is the promise.',
+        imageLabel: 'An open notebook with three woven bookmarks meeting at its binding',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: 'Safe, even from\ndisasters.',
+        body: 'A lost iPad, a hard crash, a deleted app — with iCloud backup your notes survive them all, in your own iCloud. Nothing ever leaves your Apple account.',
+        imageLabel: 'A note protected inside a clear case, safe from harm',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'iCloud backup',
+    statusAutomatic: 'Automatic — your notes survive app deletion',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloud unavailable — sign in to iCloud to protect your notes',
+    statusOff: 'Off — notes exist only on this device',
+    turnOffTitle: 'Turn off iCloud backup?',
+    turnOffMessage:
+      'Your notes will exist only on this device. Deleting the app will permanently delete them.',
+    turnOffConfirm: 'Turn off',
+    keepOn: 'Keep backup on',
+    restoreTitle: 'Restore your notes?',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `An iCloud backup with ${noteText}${when ? ` (backed up ${when})` : ''} was found for this device's account.`,
+    restoreAction: 'Restore',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: 'Restore complete',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) => `${count} files restored.`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: 'Restore finished with problems',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `${restored} files restored, ${failed} could not be read from iCloud. Try again later for the rest.`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: 'iCloud is not reachable right now. Try again later.',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: 'Free notes need a little help.',
+    subtitle: 'Everything here is optional. Writing notes never depends on it.',
+    joinTitle: 'Join the community',
+    joinSubtitle: 'Ideas, updates, and conversations',
+    rateTitle: 'Rate OpenNotes',
+    rateSubtitle: 'Leave an App Store review',
+    githubTitle: 'Star on GitHub',
+    githubSubtitle: 'Follow the open-source project',
+    missionTitle: 'Our mission',
+    missionSubtitle: 'Why OpenNotes stays free and private',
+    privacy: 'Privacy',
+    terms: 'Terms',
+    support: 'Support',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: 'Help shape OpenNotes.',
+    body: 'Share ideas, vote on what comes next, and meet people who believe notes should stay free.',
+    join: 'Join the community',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: 'Could not update community status',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: 'Ratings are not available yet',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage:
+      'The rating option becomes available when OpenNotes is installed from an app store.',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: 'Could not open ratings',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: 'just now',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `${m}m ago`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `${h}h ago`,
+    yesterday: 'yesterday',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `${d}d ago`,
+  },
+};
+
+export type Strings = typeof en;
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/es.ts b/src/i18n/locales/es.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2c5f41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/es.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+import type { Strings } from './en';
+
+export const es: Strings = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: 'Cancelar',
+    delete: 'Eliminar',
+    rename: 'Renombrar',
+    save: 'Guardar',
+    create: 'Crear',
+    continue: 'Continuar',
+    notNow: 'Ahora no',
+    untitled: 'Sin título',
+    folder: 'Carpeta',
+    pleaseTryAgain: 'Inténtalo de nuevo.',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: 'Inténtalo de nuevo más tarde.',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: 'Biblioteca',
+    foldersSection: 'Carpetas',
+    notesSection: 'Notas',
+    emptyTitle: 'Aún no hay notas',
+    emptySubtitle: 'Toca el botón más para crear tu primera nota o carpeta.',
+    emptyFolderTitle: 'Carpeta vacía',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `Toca el botón más para añadir una nota a ${folderName}.`,
+    thisFolder: 'esta carpeta',
+    newNote: 'Nueva nota',
+    newFolder: 'Nueva carpeta',
+    createTitle: 'Crear',
+    newFolderTitle: 'Nueva carpeta',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: 'Nombre de la carpeta',
+    renameNoteTitle: 'Renombrar nota',
+    renameFolderTitle: 'Renombrar carpeta',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: 'Título de la nota',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: 'Nueva nota',
+    titlePlaceholder: 'Título',
+    moveToFolder: 'Mover a carpeta',
+    moveToRoot: 'Sacar de la carpeta',
+    root: 'Raíz',
+    folderEmpty: 'Vacía',
+    noteCount: (count: number) => (count === 1 ? '1 nota' : `${count} notas`),
+    supportA11y: 'Apoyar OpenNotes',
+    headerActionA11y: 'Acción de cabecera',
+    deleteNoteTitle: '¿Eliminar nota?',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `«${title}» se eliminará permanentemente.`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: '¿Eliminar carpeta?',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `«${name}» se eliminará. Sus notas permanecerán en tu biblioteca.`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: 'Eliminar carpeta',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: 'Eliminar (conservar notas)',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: '¿Eliminar carpeta y notas?',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `«${name}» y ${noteText} que contiene se eliminarán permanentemente.`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: 'Eliminar carpeta y todas las notas',
+    deleteAllLabel: 'Eliminar todo',
+    couldNotCreateNote: 'No se pudo crear la nota',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: 'No se pudo eliminar la nota',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: 'No se pudo eliminar la carpeta',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: 'Liso',
+      lined: 'Rayado',
+      grid: 'Cuadrícula',
+      dotted: 'Punteado',
+      graph: 'Milimetrado',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: 'Progreso de la introducción',
+    skip: 'Omitir',
+    skipA11y: 'Omitir la introducción',
+    startWriting: 'Empezar a escribir',
+    enableBackup: 'Activar copia en iCloud',
+    continueWithoutBackup: 'Continuar sin copia',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: 'Las notas deberían\nser libres.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes lo es. Escribe a mano, anota PDF y conserva cada página sin suscripción.',
+        imageLabel: 'Papel y un lápiz de aluminio trazando una línea azul',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: 'Y deberían seguir\nsiendo tuyas.',
+        body: 'Sin cuentas. Sin rastreo. Tus notas permanecen en tu dispositivo hasta que tú decidas lo contrario.',
+        imageLabel: 'Una nota protegida dentro de una vitrina de archivo de cristal',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: 'Hecho para todos.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes es gratuito, privado y desarrollado en abierto. Esa es la promesa.',
+        imageLabel: 'Un cuaderno abierto con tres marcapáginas tejidos unidos en el lomo',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: 'A salvo, incluso\nde desastres.',
+        body: 'Un iPad perdido, un fallo grave, una app borrada: con la copia en iCloud tus notas sobreviven a todo, en tu propio iCloud. Nada sale nunca de tu cuenta de Apple.',
+        imageLabel: 'Una nota protegida en una funda transparente, a salvo de daños',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'Copia en iCloud',
+    statusAutomatic: 'Automática — tus notas sobreviven si borras la app',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloud no disponible — inicia sesión en iCloud para proteger tus notas',
+    statusOff: 'Desactivada — las notas solo existen en este dispositivo',
+    turnOffTitle: '¿Desactivar la copia en iCloud?',
+    turnOffMessage:
+      'Tus notas existirán solo en este dispositivo. Si borras la app, se eliminarán permanentemente.',
+    turnOffConfirm: 'Desactivar',
+    keepOn: 'Mantener la copia',
+    restoreTitle: '¿Restaurar tus notas?',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `Se encontró una copia de iCloud con ${noteText}${when ? ` (guardada ${when})` : ''} para la cuenta de este dispositivo.`,
+    restoreAction: 'Restaurar',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: 'Restauración completada',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) => `${count} archivos restaurados.`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: 'Restauración terminada con problemas',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `${restored} archivos restaurados; ${failed} no se pudieron leer de iCloud. Inténtalo más tarde para el resto.`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: 'iCloud no está disponible ahora mismo. Inténtalo más tarde.',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: 'Las notas libres necesitan una pequeña ayuda.',
+    subtitle: 'Todo lo de aquí es opcional. Escribir notas nunca depende de ello.',
+    joinTitle: 'Unirse a la comunidad',
+    joinSubtitle: 'Ideas, novedades y conversaciones',
+    rateTitle: 'Valorar OpenNotes',
+    rateSubtitle: 'Deja una reseña en el App Store',
+    githubTitle: 'Dar una estrella en GitHub',
+    githubSubtitle: 'Sigue el proyecto de código abierto',
+    missionTitle: 'Nuestra misión',
+    missionSubtitle: 'Por qué OpenNotes sigue siendo gratuito y privado',
+    privacy: 'Privacidad',
+    terms: 'Términos',
+    support: 'Soporte',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: 'Ayuda a dar forma a OpenNotes.',
+    body: 'Comparte ideas, vota lo próximo y conoce a gente convencida de que las notas deben seguir siendo libres.',
+    join: 'Unirse a la comunidad',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: 'No se pudo actualizar el estado de la comunidad',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: 'Las valoraciones aún no están disponibles',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage:
+      'La opción de valorar estará disponible cuando OpenNotes se instale desde una tienda de apps.',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: 'No se pudieron abrir las valoraciones',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: 'ahora mismo',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `hace ${m} min`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `hace ${h} h`,
+    yesterday: 'ayer',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `hace ${d} d`,
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/fr.ts b/src/i18n/locales/fr.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..187d0c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/fr.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+import type { Strings } from './en';
+
+export const fr: Strings = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: 'Annuler',
+    delete: 'Supprimer',
+    rename: 'Renommer',
+    save: 'Enregistrer',
+    create: 'Créer',
+    continue: 'Continuer',
+    notNow: 'Plus tard',
+    untitled: 'Sans titre',
+    folder: 'Dossier',
+    pleaseTryAgain: 'Veuillez réessayer.',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: 'Veuillez réessayer plus tard.',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: 'Bibliothèque',
+    foldersSection: 'Dossiers',
+    notesSection: 'Notes',
+    emptyTitle: 'Aucune note pour l’instant',
+    emptySubtitle: 'Touchez le bouton plus pour créer votre première note ou votre premier dossier.',
+    emptyFolderTitle: 'Dossier vide',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `Touchez le bouton plus pour ajouter une note à ${folderName}.`,
+    thisFolder: 'ce dossier',
+    newNote: 'Nouvelle note',
+    newFolder: 'Nouveau dossier',
+    createTitle: 'Créer',
+    newFolderTitle: 'Nouveau dossier',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: 'Nom du dossier',
+    renameNoteTitle: 'Renommer la note',
+    renameFolderTitle: 'Renommer le dossier',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: 'Titre de la note',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: 'Nouvelle note',
+    titlePlaceholder: 'Titre',
+    moveToFolder: 'Déplacer vers un dossier',
+    moveToRoot: 'Sortir du dossier',
+    root: 'Racine',
+    folderEmpty: 'Vide',
+    noteCount: (count: number) => (count === 1 ? '1 note' : `${count} notes`),
+    supportA11y: 'Soutenir OpenNotes',
+    headerActionA11y: 'Action d’en-tête',
+    deleteNoteTitle: 'Supprimer la note ?',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `« ${title} » sera définitivement supprimée.`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: 'Supprimer le dossier ?',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `« ${name} » sera supprimé. Ses notes resteront dans votre bibliothèque.`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: 'Supprimer le dossier',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: 'Supprimer (garder les notes)',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: 'Supprimer le dossier et les notes ?',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `« ${name} » et ${noteText} qu’il contient seront définitivement supprimés.`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: 'Supprimer le dossier et toutes les notes',
+    deleteAllLabel: 'Tout supprimer',
+    couldNotCreateNote: 'Impossible de créer la note',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: 'Impossible de supprimer la note',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: 'Impossible de supprimer le dossier',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: 'Uni',
+      lined: 'Ligné',
+      grid: 'Quadrillé',
+      dotted: 'Pointillé',
+      graph: 'Millimétré',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: 'Progression de l’introduction',
+    skip: 'Passer',
+    skipA11y: 'Passer l’introduction',
+    startWriting: 'Commencer à écrire',
+    enableBackup: 'Activer la sauvegarde iCloud',
+    continueWithoutBackup: 'Continuer sans sauvegarde',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: 'Les notes devraient\nêtre libres.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes l’est. Écrivez à la main, annotez des PDF et gardez chaque page, sans abonnement.',
+        imageLabel: 'Du papier et un stylet en aluminium traçant une ligne bleue',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: 'Et elles devraient\nrester à vous.',
+        body: 'Pas de compte. Pas de pistage. Vos notes restent sur votre appareil tant que vous n’en décidez pas autrement.',
+        imageLabel: 'Une note protégée dans une vitrine d’archivage en verre',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: 'Conçu pour tous.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes est gratuit, privé et développé en toute transparence. C’est la promesse.',
+        imageLabel: 'Un carnet ouvert avec trois marque-pages tissés réunis à la reliure',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: 'À l’abri, même\ndes catastrophes.',
+        body: 'Un iPad perdu, une panne, une app supprimée : avec la sauvegarde iCloud, vos notes survivent à tout, dans votre propre iCloud. Rien ne quitte jamais votre compte Apple.',
+        imageLabel: 'Une note protégée dans un étui transparent, à l’abri de tout',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'Sauvegarde iCloud',
+    statusAutomatic: 'Automatique — vos notes survivent à la suppression de l’app',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloud indisponible — connectez-vous à iCloud pour protéger vos notes',
+    statusOff: 'Désactivée — les notes n’existent que sur cet appareil',
+    turnOffTitle: 'Désactiver la sauvegarde iCloud ?',
+    turnOffMessage:
+      'Vos notes n’existeront que sur cet appareil. Supprimer l’app les supprimera définitivement.',
+    turnOffConfirm: 'Désactiver',
+    keepOn: 'Garder la sauvegarde',
+    restoreTitle: 'Restaurer vos notes ?',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `Une sauvegarde iCloud avec ${noteText}${when ? ` (sauvegardée ${when})` : ''} a été trouvée pour le compte de cet appareil.`,
+    restoreAction: 'Restaurer',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: 'Restauration terminée',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) => `${count} fichiers restaurés.`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: 'Restauration terminée avec des problèmes',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `${restored} fichiers restaurés, ${failed} n’ont pas pu être lus depuis iCloud. Réessayez plus tard pour le reste.`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: 'iCloud est momentanément inaccessible. Réessayez plus tard.',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: 'Les notes libres ont besoin d’un coup de main.',
+    subtitle: 'Tout ici est facultatif. Écrire des notes n’en dépend jamais.',
+    joinTitle: 'Rejoindre la communauté',
+    joinSubtitle: 'Idées, nouveautés et discussions',
+    rateTitle: 'Évaluer OpenNotes',
+    rateSubtitle: 'Laisser un avis sur l’App Store',
+    githubTitle: 'Ajouter une étoile sur GitHub',
+    githubSubtitle: 'Suivre le projet open source',
+    missionTitle: 'Notre mission',
+    missionSubtitle: 'Pourquoi OpenNotes reste gratuit et privé',
+    privacy: 'Confidentialité',
+    terms: 'Conditions',
+    support: 'Assistance',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: 'Façonnez OpenNotes.',
+    body: 'Partagez des idées, votez pour la suite et rencontrez des personnes convaincues que les notes doivent rester libres.',
+    join: 'Rejoindre la communauté',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: 'Impossible de mettre à jour le statut communauté',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: 'Les évaluations ne sont pas encore disponibles',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage:
+      'L’évaluation devient disponible lorsque OpenNotes est installé depuis un app store.',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: 'Impossible d’ouvrir les évaluations',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: 'à l’instant',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `il y a ${m} min`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `il y a ${h} h`,
+    yesterday: 'hier',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `il y a ${d} j`,
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/it.ts b/src/i18n/locales/it.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3edc6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/it.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+import type { Strings } from './en';
+
+export const it: Strings = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: 'Annulla',
+    delete: 'Elimina',
+    rename: 'Rinomina',
+    save: 'Salva',
+    create: 'Crea',
+    continue: 'Continua',
+    notNow: 'Non ora',
+    untitled: 'Senza titolo',
+    folder: 'Cartella',
+    pleaseTryAgain: 'Riprova.',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: 'Riprova più tardi.',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: 'Libreria',
+    foldersSection: 'Cartelle',
+    notesSection: 'Note',
+    emptyTitle: 'Ancora nessuna nota',
+    emptySubtitle: 'Tocca il pulsante più per creare la tua prima nota o cartella.',
+    emptyFolderTitle: 'Cartella vuota',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `Tocca il pulsante più per aggiungere una nota a ${folderName}.`,
+    thisFolder: 'questa cartella',
+    newNote: 'Nuova nota',
+    newFolder: 'Nuova cartella',
+    createTitle: 'Crea',
+    newFolderTitle: 'Nuova cartella',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: 'Nome della cartella',
+    renameNoteTitle: 'Rinomina nota',
+    renameFolderTitle: 'Rinomina cartella',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: 'Titolo della nota',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: 'Nuova nota',
+    titlePlaceholder: 'Titolo',
+    moveToFolder: 'Sposta in una cartella',
+    moveToRoot: 'Togli dalla cartella',
+    root: 'Radice',
+    folderEmpty: 'Vuota',
+    noteCount: (count: number) => (count === 1 ? '1 nota' : `${count} note`),
+    supportA11y: 'Sostieni OpenNotes',
+    headerActionA11y: 'Azione dell’intestazione',
+    deleteNoteTitle: 'Eliminare la nota?',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `«${title}» verrà eliminata definitivamente.`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: 'Eliminare la cartella?',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `«${name}» verrà eliminata. Le sue note resteranno nella tua libreria.`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: 'Elimina cartella',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: 'Elimina (conserva le note)',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: 'Eliminare cartella e note?',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `«${name}» e ${noteText} al suo interno verranno eliminate definitivamente.`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: 'Elimina la cartella e tutte le note',
+    deleteAllLabel: 'Elimina tutto',
+    couldNotCreateNote: 'Impossibile creare la nota',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: 'Impossibile eliminare la nota',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: 'Impossibile eliminare la cartella',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: 'Bianco',
+      lined: 'A righe',
+      grid: 'A quadretti',
+      dotted: 'A puntini',
+      graph: 'Millimetrato',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: 'Avanzamento dell’introduzione',
+    skip: 'Salta',
+    skipA11y: 'Salta l’introduzione',
+    startWriting: 'Inizia a scrivere',
+    enableBackup: 'Attiva backup iCloud',
+    continueWithoutBackup: 'Continua senza backup',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: 'Le note dovrebbero\nessere libere.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes lo è. Scrivi a mano, annota i PDF e conserva ogni pagina, senza abbonamento.',
+        imageLabel: 'Carta e uno stilo in alluminio che traccia una linea blu',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: 'E dovrebbero\nrestare tue.',
+        body: 'Nessun account. Nessun tracciamento. Le tue note restano sul tuo dispositivo finché non decidi diversamente.',
+        imageLabel: 'Una nota custodita in una teca d’archivio di vetro',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: 'Fatto per tutti.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes è gratuito, privato e sviluppato in modo aperto. Questa è la promessa.',
+        imageLabel: 'Un quaderno aperto con tre segnalibri intrecciati uniti alla rilegatura',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: 'Al sicuro, anche\ndai disastri.',
+        body: 'Un iPad perso, un blocco improvviso, un’app eliminata: con il backup iCloud le tue note sopravvivono a tutto, nel tuo iCloud personale. Nulla lascia mai il tuo account Apple.',
+        imageLabel: 'Una nota protetta in una custodia trasparente, al riparo dai danni',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'Backup iCloud',
+    statusAutomatic: 'Automatico — le tue note sopravvivono all’eliminazione dell’app',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloud non disponibile — accedi a iCloud per proteggere le tue note',
+    statusOff: 'Disattivato — le note esistono solo su questo dispositivo',
+    turnOffTitle: 'Disattivare il backup iCloud?',
+    turnOffMessage:
+      'Le tue note esisteranno solo su questo dispositivo. Eliminando l’app verranno eliminate definitivamente.',
+    turnOffConfirm: 'Disattiva',
+    keepOn: 'Mantieni il backup',
+    restoreTitle: 'Ripristinare le tue note?',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `È stato trovato un backup iCloud con ${noteText}${when ? ` (salvato ${when})` : ''} per l’account di questo dispositivo.`,
+    restoreAction: 'Ripristina',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: 'Ripristino completato',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) => `${count} file ripristinati.`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: 'Ripristino concluso con problemi',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `${restored} file ripristinati, ${failed} non è stato possibile leggerli da iCloud. Riprova più tardi per il resto.`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: 'iCloud non è raggiungibile al momento. Riprova più tardi.',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: 'Le note libere hanno bisogno di una mano.',
+    subtitle: 'Tutto qui è facoltativo. Scrivere note non ne dipende mai.',
+    joinTitle: 'Unisciti alla community',
+    joinSubtitle: 'Idee, novità e conversazioni',
+    rateTitle: 'Valuta OpenNotes',
+    rateSubtitle: 'Lascia una recensione sull’App Store',
+    githubTitle: 'Metti una stella su GitHub',
+    githubSubtitle: 'Segui il progetto open source',
+    missionTitle: 'La nostra missione',
+    missionSubtitle: 'Perché OpenNotes resta gratuito e privato',
+    privacy: 'Privacy',
+    terms: 'Termini',
+    support: 'Supporto',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: 'Aiuta a plasmare OpenNotes.',
+    body: 'Condividi idee, vota le prossime novità e incontra chi crede che le note debbano restare libere.',
+    join: 'Unisciti alla community',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: 'Impossibile aggiornare lo stato della community',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: 'Le valutazioni non sono ancora disponibili',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage:
+      'L’opzione di valutazione sarà disponibile quando OpenNotes è installato da un app store.',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: 'Impossibile aprire le valutazioni',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: 'adesso',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `${m} min fa`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `${h} h fa`,
+    yesterday: 'ieri',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `${d} g fa`,
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ja.ts b/src/i18n/locales/ja.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3fab4a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ja.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+import type { Strings } from './en';
+
+export const ja: Strings = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: 'キャンセル',
+    delete: '削除',
+    rename: '名称変更',
+    save: '保存',
+    create: '作成',
+    continue: '続ける',
+    notNow: '今はしない',
+    untitled: '無題',
+    folder: 'フォルダ',
+    pleaseTryAgain: 'もう一度お試しください。',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: 'しばらくしてからもう一度お試しください。',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: 'ライブラリ',
+    foldersSection: 'フォルダ',
+    notesSection: 'ノート',
+    emptyTitle: 'まだノートがありません',
+    emptySubtitle: 'プラスボタンをタップして、最初のノートまたはフォルダを作成しましょう。',
+    emptyFolderTitle: '空のフォルダ',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `プラスボタンをタップして、${folderName}にノートを追加しましょう。`,
+    thisFolder: 'このフォルダ',
+    newNote: '新規ノート',
+    newFolder: '新規フォルダ',
+    createTitle: '作成',
+    newFolderTitle: '新規フォルダ',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: 'フォルダ名',
+    renameNoteTitle: 'ノート名を変更',
+    renameFolderTitle: 'フォルダ名を変更',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: 'ノートのタイトル',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: '新規ノート',
+    titlePlaceholder: 'タイトル',
+    moveToFolder: 'フォルダへ移動',
+    moveToRoot: 'フォルダから出す',
+    root: 'ルート',
+    folderEmpty: '空',
+    noteCount: (count: number) => `${count}件のノート`,
+    supportA11y: 'OpenNotesを応援する',
+    headerActionA11y: 'ヘッダー操作',
+    deleteNoteTitle: 'ノートを削除しますか?',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `「${title}」は完全に削除されます。`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: 'フォルダを削除しますか?',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `「${name}」を削除します。中のノートはライブラリに残ります。`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: 'フォルダを削除',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: '削除(ノートは残す)',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: 'フォルダとノートを削除しますか?',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `「${name}」と中の${noteText}は完全に削除されます。`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: 'フォルダとすべてのノートを削除',
+    deleteAllLabel: 'すべて削除',
+    couldNotCreateNote: 'ノートを作成できませんでした',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: 'ノートを削除できませんでした',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: 'フォルダを削除できませんでした',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: '無地',
+      lined: '罫線',
+      grid: '方眼',
+      dotted: 'ドット',
+      graph: 'グラフ用紙',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: '説明の進行状況',
+    skip: 'スキップ',
+    skipA11y: '説明をスキップ',
+    startWriting: '書きはじめる',
+    enableBackup: 'iCloudバックアップを有効にする',
+    continueWithoutBackup: 'バックアップなしで続ける',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: 'ノートは自由で\nあるべき。',
+        body: 'OpenNotesはそうです。手書きで書き、PDFに書き込み、すべてのページをサブスクなしで残せます。',
+        imageLabel: '紙と、青い線を描くアルミのスタイラス',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: 'そして、あなたの\nものであるべき。',
+        body: 'アカウント不要。トラッキングなし。あなたが決めない限り、ノートは端末の中にとどまります。',
+        imageLabel: 'ガラスの保管ケースに収められたノート',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: 'すべての人のために。',
+        body: 'OpenNotesは無料で、プライベートで、オープンに開発されています。それが約束です。',
+        imageLabel: '綴じ目に3本の織りしおりが集まる開いたノート',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: '災難があっても、\n安全に。',
+        body: 'iPadの紛失、突然のクラッシュ、アプリの削除——iCloudバックアップがあれば、ノートはあなた自身のiCloudの中ですべてを生き延びます。Appleアカウントの外に出ることは決してありません。',
+        imageLabel: '透明なケースに守られ、損傷から安全なノート',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'iCloudバックアップ',
+    statusAutomatic: '自動 — アプリを削除してもノートは残ります',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloudを利用できません — iCloudにサインインしてノートを守りましょう',
+    statusOff: 'オフ — ノートはこの端末にのみ存在します',
+    turnOffTitle: 'iCloudバックアップをオフにしますか?',
+    turnOffMessage:
+      'ノートはこの端末にのみ存在することになります。アプリを削除するとノートは完全に削除されます。',
+    turnOffConfirm: 'オフにする',
+    keepOn: 'バックアップを続ける',
+    restoreTitle: 'ノートを復元しますか?',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `この端末のアカウントに、${noteText}を含むiCloudバックアップ${when ? `(${when}に保存)` : ''}が見つかりました。`,
+    restoreAction: '復元',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: '復元が完了しました',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) => `${count}個のファイルを復元しました。`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: '復元は完了しましたが問題があります',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `${restored}個のファイルを復元しました。${failed}個はiCloudから読み込めませんでした。残りは後でもう一度お試しください。`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: '現在iCloudに接続できません。後でもう一度お試しください。',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: '自由なノートには、少しの支えが必要です。',
+    subtitle: 'ここにあるものはすべて任意です。ノートを書くことには一切影響しません。',
+    joinTitle: 'コミュニティに参加',
+    joinSubtitle: 'アイデア、最新情報、交流',
+    rateTitle: 'OpenNotesを評価',
+    rateSubtitle: 'App Storeにレビューを書く',
+    githubTitle: 'GitHubでスターを付ける',
+    githubSubtitle: 'オープンソースプロジェクトをフォロー',
+    missionTitle: '私たちのミッション',
+    missionSubtitle: 'OpenNotesが無料でプライベートであり続ける理由',
+    privacy: 'プライバシー',
+    terms: '利用規約',
+    support: 'サポート',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: 'OpenNotesを一緒に育てましょう。',
+    body: 'アイデアを共有し、次の機能に投票し、ノートは自由であるべきだと考える仲間と出会えます。',
+    join: 'コミュニティに参加',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: 'コミュニティの状態を更新できませんでした',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: '評価はまだ利用できません',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage:
+      '評価機能は、OpenNotesをApp Storeからインストールすると利用できるようになります。',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: '評価を開けませんでした',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: 'たった今',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `${m}分前`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `${h}時間前`,
+    yesterday: '昨日',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `${d}日前`,
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ko.ts b/src/i18n/locales/ko.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3501fb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ko.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+import type { Strings } from './en';
+
+export const ko: Strings = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: '취소',
+    delete: '삭제',
+    rename: '이름 변경',
+    save: '저장',
+    create: '만들기',
+    continue: '계속',
+    notNow: '나중에',
+    untitled: '제목 없음',
+    folder: '폴더',
+    pleaseTryAgain: '다시 시도해 주세요.',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: '잠시 후 다시 시도해 주세요.',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: '보관함',
+    foldersSection: '폴더',
+    notesSection: '노트',
+    emptyTitle: '아직 노트가 없습니다',
+    emptySubtitle: '더하기 버튼을 눌러 첫 노트나 폴더를 만들어 보세요.',
+    emptyFolderTitle: '빈 폴더',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `더하기 버튼을 눌러 ${folderName}에 노트를 추가해 보세요.`,
+    thisFolder: '이 폴더',
+    newNote: '새 노트',
+    newFolder: '새 폴더',
+    createTitle: '만들기',
+    newFolderTitle: '새 폴더',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: '폴더 이름',
+    renameNoteTitle: '노트 이름 변경',
+    renameFolderTitle: '폴더 이름 변경',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: '노트 제목',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: '새 노트',
+    titlePlaceholder: '제목',
+    moveToFolder: '폴더로 이동',
+    moveToRoot: '폴더에서 꺼내기',
+    root: '최상위',
+    folderEmpty: '비어 있음',
+    noteCount: (count: number) => `노트 ${count}개`,
+    supportA11y: 'OpenNotes 응원하기',
+    headerActionA11y: '헤더 동작',
+    deleteNoteTitle: '노트를 삭제할까요?',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `"${title}"이(가) 영구히 삭제됩니다.`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: '폴더를 삭제할까요?',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `"${name}"이(가) 삭제됩니다. 안의 노트는 보관함에 남습니다.`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: '폴더 삭제',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: '삭제(노트 유지)',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: '폴더와 노트를 삭제할까요?',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `"${name}"과(와) 안에 있는 ${noteText}가 영구히 삭제됩니다.`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: '폴더와 모든 노트 삭제',
+    deleteAllLabel: '모두 삭제',
+    couldNotCreateNote: '노트를 만들지 못했습니다',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: '노트를 삭제하지 못했습니다',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: '폴더를 삭제하지 못했습니다',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: '무지',
+      lined: '줄노트',
+      grid: '모눈',
+      dotted: '점',
+      graph: '그래프 용지',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: '소개 진행 상황',
+    skip: '건너뛰기',
+    skipA11y: '소개 건너뛰기',
+    startWriting: '쓰기 시작',
+    enableBackup: 'iCloud 백업 켜기',
+    continueWithoutBackup: '백업 없이 계속',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: '노트는 자유로워야\n합니다.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes가 그렇습니다. 손으로 쓰고, PDF에 표시하고, 구독 없이 모든 페이지를 간직하세요.',
+        imageLabel: '종이와 파란 선을 긋는 알루미늄 스타일러스',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: '그리고 당신의 것으로\n남아야 합니다.',
+        body: '계정 없음. 추적 없음. 당신이 달리 정하기 전까지 노트는 기기에 머뭅니다.',
+        imageLabel: '유리 보관함 안에 안전하게 담긴 노트',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: '모두를 위해 만들었습니다.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes는 무료이고, 프라이빗하며, 공개적으로 개발됩니다. 그것이 약속입니다.',
+        imageLabel: '제본부에 세 개의 짜임 책갈피가 모인 펼쳐진 노트',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: '재난이 와도\n안전하게.',
+        body: '잃어버린 iPad, 갑작스러운 고장, 삭제된 앱 — iCloud 백업이 있으면 노트는 당신의 iCloud 안에서 모두 살아남습니다. 어떤 것도 당신의 Apple 계정을 떠나지 않습니다.',
+        imageLabel: '투명한 케이스에 보호되어 손상으로부터 안전한 노트',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'iCloud 백업',
+    statusAutomatic: '자동 — 앱을 삭제해도 노트가 남습니다',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloud 사용 불가 — iCloud에 로그인해 노트를 보호하세요',
+    statusOff: '꺼짐 — 노트가 이 기기에만 존재합니다',
+    turnOffTitle: 'iCloud 백업을 끌까요?',
+    turnOffMessage:
+      '노트가 이 기기에만 존재하게 됩니다. 앱을 삭제하면 노트도 영구히 삭제됩니다.',
+    turnOffConfirm: '끄기',
+    keepOn: '백업 유지',
+    restoreTitle: '노트를 복원할까요?',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `이 기기의 계정에서 ${noteText}가 담긴 iCloud 백업${when ? ` (${when} 백업)` : ''}을 찾았습니다.`,
+    restoreAction: '복원',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: '복원 완료',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) => `파일 ${count}개를 복원했습니다.`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: '복원이 완료되었지만 문제가 있습니다',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `파일 ${restored}개를 복원했고, ${failed}개는 iCloud에서 읽지 못했습니다. 나머지는 나중에 다시 시도해 주세요.`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: '지금은 iCloud에 연결할 수 없습니다. 나중에 다시 시도해 주세요.',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: '자유로운 노트에는 작은 도움이 필요합니다.',
+    subtitle: '여기 있는 것은 모두 선택 사항입니다. 노트 쓰기는 이것에 좌우되지 않습니다.',
+    joinTitle: '커뮤니티 참여',
+    joinSubtitle: '아이디어, 소식, 대화',
+    rateTitle: 'OpenNotes 평가하기',
+    rateSubtitle: 'App Store에 리뷰 남기기',
+    githubTitle: 'GitHub에서 스타 누르기',
+    githubSubtitle: '오픈소스 프로젝트 팔로우',
+    missionTitle: '우리의 미션',
+    missionSubtitle: 'OpenNotes가 무료이며 프라이빗한 이유',
+    privacy: '개인정보 보호',
+    terms: '이용약관',
+    support: '지원',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: 'OpenNotes를 함께 만들어요.',
+    body: '아이디어를 나누고, 다음 기능에 투표하고, 노트는 자유로워야 한다고 믿는 사람들을 만나 보세요.',
+    join: '커뮤니티 참여',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: '커뮤니티 상태를 업데이트하지 못했습니다',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: '아직 평가를 사용할 수 없습니다',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage:
+      '평가 기능은 OpenNotes를 앱 스토어에서 설치했을 때 사용할 수 있습니다.',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: '평가를 열지 못했습니다',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: '방금',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `${m}분 전`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `${h}시간 전`,
+    yesterday: '어제',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `${d}일 전`,
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/nl.ts b/src/i18n/locales/nl.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b345208
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/nl.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+import type { Strings } from './en';
+
+export const nl: Strings = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: 'Annuleer',
+    delete: 'Verwijder',
+    rename: 'Wijzig naam',
+    save: 'Bewaar',
+    create: 'Maak aan',
+    continue: 'Ga door',
+    notNow: 'Niet nu',
+    untitled: 'Naamloos',
+    folder: 'Map',
+    pleaseTryAgain: 'Probeer het opnieuw.',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: 'Probeer het later opnieuw.',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: 'Bibliotheek',
+    foldersSection: 'Mappen',
+    notesSection: 'Notities',
+    emptyTitle: 'Nog geen notities',
+    emptySubtitle: 'Tik op de plusknop om je eerste notitie of map te maken.',
+    emptyFolderTitle: 'Lege map',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `Tik op de plusknop om een notitie toe te voegen aan ${folderName}.`,
+    thisFolder: 'deze map',
+    newNote: 'Nieuwe notitie',
+    newFolder: 'Nieuwe map',
+    createTitle: 'Maak aan',
+    newFolderTitle: 'Nieuwe map',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: 'Mapnaam',
+    renameNoteTitle: 'Notitie hernoemen',
+    renameFolderTitle: 'Map hernoemen',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: 'Titel van notitie',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: 'Nieuwe notitie',
+    titlePlaceholder: 'Titel',
+    moveToFolder: 'Verplaats naar map',
+    moveToRoot: 'Haal uit map',
+    root: 'Hoofdniveau',
+    folderEmpty: 'Leeg',
+    noteCount: (count: number) => (count === 1 ? '1 notitie' : `${count} notities`),
+    supportA11y: 'Steun OpenNotes',
+    headerActionA11y: 'Kopactie',
+    deleteNoteTitle: 'Notitie verwijderen?',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `'${title}' wordt definitief verwijderd.`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: 'Map verwijderen?',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `'${name}' wordt verwijderd. De notities blijven in je bibliotheek.`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: 'Verwijder map',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: 'Verwijder (behoud notities)',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: 'Map en notities verwijderen?',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `'${name}' en de ${noteText} erin worden definitief verwijderd.`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: 'Verwijder map en alle notities',
+    deleteAllLabel: 'Verwijder alles',
+    couldNotCreateNote: 'Kon notitie niet aanmaken',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: 'Kon notitie niet verwijderen',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: 'Kon map niet verwijderen',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: 'Blanco',
+      lined: 'Gelinieerd',
+      grid: 'Geruit',
+      dotted: 'Gestippeld',
+      graph: 'Millimeter',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: 'Voortgang van de introductie',
+    skip: 'Sla over',
+    skipA11y: 'Introductie overslaan',
+    startWriting: 'Begin met schrijven',
+    enableBackup: 'Zet iCloud-back-up aan',
+    continueWithoutBackup: 'Ga door zonder back-up',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: 'Notities horen\nvrij te zijn.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes is dat. Schrijf met de hand, markeer PDF’s en bewaar elke pagina, zonder abonnement.',
+        imageLabel: 'Papier en een aluminium stylus die een blauwe lijn tekent',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: 'En ze horen van\njou te blijven.',
+        body: 'Geen account. Geen tracking. Je notities blijven op je apparaat tot jij anders beslist.',
+        imageLabel: 'Een notitie veilig in een glazen archiefvitrine',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: 'Gemaakt voor iedereen.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes is gratis, privé en open ontwikkeld. Dat is de belofte.',
+        imageLabel: 'Een open notitieboek met drie geweven boekenleggers bij de rug',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: 'Veilig, zelfs bij\nrampen.',
+        body: 'Een verloren iPad, een crash, een verwijderde app — met iCloud-back-up overleven je notities alles, in je eigen iCloud. Er verlaat nooit iets je Apple-account.',
+        imageLabel: 'Een notitie beschermd in een doorzichtige hoes, veilig voor schade',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'iCloud-back-up',
+    statusAutomatic: 'Automatisch — je notities overleven het verwijderen van de app',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloud niet beschikbaar — log in bij iCloud om je notities te beschermen',
+    statusOff: 'Uit — notities bestaan alleen op dit apparaat',
+    turnOffTitle: 'iCloud-back-up uitzetten?',
+    turnOffMessage:
+      'Je notities bestaan dan alleen op dit apparaat. Als je de app verwijdert, worden ze definitief verwijderd.',
+    turnOffConfirm: 'Zet uit',
+    keepOn: 'Houd back-up aan',
+    restoreTitle: 'Je notities terugzetten?',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `Er is een iCloud-back-up met ${noteText}${when ? ` (gemaakt ${when})` : ''} gevonden voor het account van dit apparaat.`,
+    restoreAction: 'Zet terug',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: 'Terugzetten voltooid',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) => `${count} bestanden teruggezet.`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: 'Terugzetten voltooid met problemen',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `${restored} bestanden teruggezet, ${failed} konden niet uit iCloud worden gelezen. Probeer het later opnieuw voor de rest.`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: 'iCloud is momenteel niet bereikbaar. Probeer het later opnieuw.',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: 'Vrije notities hebben een beetje hulp nodig.',
+    subtitle: 'Alles hier is optioneel. Notities schrijven hangt er nooit van af.',
+    joinTitle: 'Word lid van de community',
+    joinSubtitle: 'Ideeën, updates en gesprekken',
+    rateTitle: 'Beoordeel OpenNotes',
+    rateSubtitle: 'Laat een App Store-recensie achter',
+    githubTitle: 'Geef een ster op GitHub',
+    githubSubtitle: 'Volg het opensourceproject',
+    missionTitle: 'Onze missie',
+    missionSubtitle: 'Waarom OpenNotes gratis en privé blijft',
+    privacy: 'Privacy',
+    terms: 'Voorwaarden',
+    support: 'Ondersteuning',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: 'Help OpenNotes vorm te geven.',
+    body: 'Deel ideeën, stem over wat er komt en ontmoet mensen die vinden dat notities vrij moeten blijven.',
+    join: 'Word lid van de community',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: 'Kon communitystatus niet bijwerken',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: 'Beoordelingen zijn nog niet beschikbaar',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage:
+      'Beoordelen wordt beschikbaar wanneer OpenNotes via een appwinkel is geïnstalleerd.',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: 'Kon beoordelingen niet openen',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: 'zojuist',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `${m} min geleden`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `${h} u geleden`,
+    yesterday: 'gisteren',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `${d} d geleden`,
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/pt.ts b/src/i18n/locales/pt.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1ca58b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/pt.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+import type { Strings } from './en';
+
+export const pt: Strings = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: 'Cancelar',
+    delete: 'Apagar',
+    rename: 'Renomear',
+    save: 'Salvar',
+    create: 'Criar',
+    continue: 'Continuar',
+    notNow: 'Agora não',
+    untitled: 'Sem título',
+    folder: 'Pasta',
+    pleaseTryAgain: 'Tente novamente.',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: 'Tente novamente mais tarde.',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: 'Biblioteca',
+    foldersSection: 'Pastas',
+    notesSection: 'Notas',
+    emptyTitle: 'Nenhuma nota ainda',
+    emptySubtitle: 'Toque no botão de mais para criar sua primeira nota ou pasta.',
+    emptyFolderTitle: 'Pasta vazia',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `Toque no botão de mais para adicionar uma nota a ${folderName}.`,
+    thisFolder: 'esta pasta',
+    newNote: 'Nova nota',
+    newFolder: 'Nova pasta',
+    createTitle: 'Criar',
+    newFolderTitle: 'Nova pasta',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: 'Nome da pasta',
+    renameNoteTitle: 'Renomear nota',
+    renameFolderTitle: 'Renomear pasta',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: 'Título da nota',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: 'Nova nota',
+    titlePlaceholder: 'Título',
+    moveToFolder: 'Mover para pasta',
+    moveToRoot: 'Tirar da pasta',
+    root: 'Raiz',
+    folderEmpty: 'Vazia',
+    noteCount: (count: number) => (count === 1 ? '1 nota' : `${count} notas`),
+    supportA11y: 'Apoiar o OpenNotes',
+    headerActionA11y: 'Ação do cabeçalho',
+    deleteNoteTitle: 'Apagar nota?',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `"${title}" será apagada permanentemente.`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: 'Apagar pasta?',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `"${name}" será apagada. As notas dela permanecerão na sua biblioteca.`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: 'Apagar pasta',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: 'Apagar (manter notas)',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: 'Apagar pasta e notas?',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `"${name}" e ${noteText} dentro dela serão apagadas permanentemente.`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: 'Apagar a pasta e todas as notas',
+    deleteAllLabel: 'Apagar tudo',
+    couldNotCreateNote: 'Não foi possível criar a nota',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: 'Não foi possível apagar a nota',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: 'Não foi possível apagar a pasta',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: 'Liso',
+      lined: 'Pautado',
+      grid: 'Quadriculado',
+      dotted: 'Pontilhado',
+      graph: 'Milimetrado',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: 'Progresso da introdução',
+    skip: 'Pular',
+    skipA11y: 'Pular introdução',
+    startWriting: 'Começar a escrever',
+    enableBackup: 'Ativar backup no iCloud',
+    continueWithoutBackup: 'Continuar sem backup',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: 'Notas deveriam\nser livres.',
+        body: 'O OpenNotes é. Escreva à mão, marque PDFs e guarde cada página, sem assinatura.',
+        imageLabel: 'Papel e uma caneta de alumínio traçando uma linha azul',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: 'E deveriam continuar\nsendo suas.',
+        body: 'Sem conta. Sem rastreamento. Suas notas ficam no seu aparelho até você decidir o contrário.',
+        imageLabel: 'Uma nota guardada em uma redoma de arquivo de vidro',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: 'Feito para todos.',
+        body: 'O OpenNotes é gratuito, privado e desenvolvido abertamente. Essa é a promessa.',
+        imageLabel: 'Um caderno aberto com três marcadores trançados unidos na encadernação',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: 'Seguro, até\nem desastres.',
+        body: 'Um iPad perdido, uma pane, um app apagado — com o backup no iCloud suas notas sobrevivem a tudo, no seu próprio iCloud. Nada sai da sua conta Apple.',
+        imageLabel: 'Uma nota protegida em um estojo transparente, a salvo de danos',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'Backup no iCloud',
+    statusAutomatic: 'Automático — suas notas sobrevivem se o app for apagado',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloud indisponível — entre no iCloud para proteger suas notas',
+    statusOff: 'Desativado — as notas existem apenas neste aparelho',
+    turnOffTitle: 'Desativar o backup no iCloud?',
+    turnOffMessage:
+      'Suas notas existirão apenas neste aparelho. Apagar o app vai apagá-las permanentemente.',
+    turnOffConfirm: 'Desativar',
+    keepOn: 'Manter o backup',
+    restoreTitle: 'Restaurar suas notas?',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `Um backup do iCloud com ${noteText}${when ? ` (feito ${when})` : ''} foi encontrado para a conta deste aparelho.`,
+    restoreAction: 'Restaurar',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: 'Restauração concluída',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) => `${count} arquivos restaurados.`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: 'Restauração concluída com problemas',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `${restored} arquivos restaurados; ${failed} não puderam ser lidos do iCloud. Tente novamente mais tarde para o restante.`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: 'O iCloud está inacessível no momento. Tente novamente mais tarde.',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: 'Notas livres precisam de uma ajudinha.',
+    subtitle: 'Tudo aqui é opcional. Escrever notas nunca depende disso.',
+    joinTitle: 'Entrar na comunidade',
+    joinSubtitle: 'Ideias, novidades e conversas',
+    rateTitle: 'Avaliar o OpenNotes',
+    rateSubtitle: 'Deixe uma avaliação na App Store',
+    githubTitle: 'Dar uma estrela no GitHub',
+    githubSubtitle: 'Acompanhe o projeto de código aberto',
+    missionTitle: 'Nossa missão',
+    missionSubtitle: 'Por que o OpenNotes continua gratuito e privado',
+    privacy: 'Privacidade',
+    terms: 'Termos',
+    support: 'Suporte',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: 'Ajude a moldar o OpenNotes.',
+    body: 'Compartilhe ideias, vote no que vem a seguir e conheça pessoas que acreditam que notas devem continuar livres.',
+    join: 'Entrar na comunidade',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: 'Não foi possível atualizar o status da comunidade',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: 'As avaliações ainda não estão disponíveis',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage:
+      'A opção de avaliar fica disponível quando o OpenNotes é instalado por uma loja de apps.',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: 'Não foi possível abrir as avaliações',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: 'agora mesmo',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `${m} min atrás`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `${h} h atrás`,
+    yesterday: 'ontem',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `${d} d atrás`,
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/ru.ts b/src/i18n/locales/ru.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7aca720
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/ru.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+import type { Strings } from './en';
+
+function ruPlural(n: number, one: string, few: string, many: string): string {
+  const mod10 = n % 10;
+  const mod100 = n % 100;
+  if (mod10 === 1 && mod100 !== 11) return one;
+  if (mod10 >= 2 && mod10 <= 4 && (mod100 < 12 || mod100 > 14)) return few;
+  return many;
+}
+
+export const ru: Strings = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: 'Отменить',
+    delete: 'Удалить',
+    rename: 'Переименовать',
+    save: 'Сохранить',
+    create: 'Создать',
+    continue: 'Продолжить',
+    notNow: 'Не сейчас',
+    untitled: 'Без названия',
+    folder: 'Папка',
+    pleaseTryAgain: 'Попробуйте ещё раз.',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: 'Попробуйте ещё раз позже.',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: 'Библиотека',
+    foldersSection: 'Папки',
+    notesSection: 'Заметки',
+    emptyTitle: 'Пока нет заметок',
+    emptySubtitle: 'Нажмите кнопку с плюсом, чтобы создать первую заметку или папку.',
+    emptyFolderTitle: 'Пустая папка',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `Нажмите кнопку с плюсом, чтобы добавить заметку в ${folderName}.`,
+    thisFolder: 'эту папку',
+    newNote: 'Новая заметка',
+    newFolder: 'Новая папка',
+    createTitle: 'Создать',
+    newFolderTitle: 'Новая папка',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: 'Название папки',
+    renameNoteTitle: 'Переименовать заметку',
+    renameFolderTitle: 'Переименовать папку',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: 'Название заметки',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: 'Новая заметка',
+    titlePlaceholder: 'Название',
+    moveToFolder: 'Переместить в папку',
+    moveToRoot: 'Убрать из папки',
+    root: 'Корень',
+    folderEmpty: 'Пусто',
+    noteCount: (count: number) =>
+      `${count} ${ruPlural(count, 'заметка', 'заметки', 'заметок')}`,
+    supportA11y: 'Поддержать OpenNotes',
+    headerActionA11y: 'Действие в шапке',
+    deleteNoteTitle: 'Удалить заметку?',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `«${title}» будет удалена навсегда.`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: 'Удалить папку?',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `«${name}» будет удалена. Её заметки останутся в библиотеке.`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: 'Удалить папку',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: 'Удалить (оставить заметки)',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: 'Удалить папку и заметки?',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `«${name}» и ${noteText} внутри будут удалены навсегда.`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: 'Удалить папку и все заметки',
+    deleteAllLabel: 'Удалить всё',
+    couldNotCreateNote: 'Не удалось создать заметку',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: 'Не удалось удалить заметку',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: 'Не удалось удалить папку',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: 'Чистый лист',
+      lined: 'В линейку',
+      grid: 'В клетку',
+      dotted: 'В точку',
+      graph: 'Миллиметровка',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: 'Прогресс знакомства',
+    skip: 'Пропустить',
+    skipA11y: 'Пропустить знакомство',
+    startWriting: 'Начать писать',
+    enableBackup: 'Включить копию в iCloud',
+    continueWithoutBackup: 'Продолжить без копии',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: 'Заметки должны\nбыть свободными.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes — именно такой. Пишите от руки, размечайте PDF и храните каждую страницу без подписки.',
+        imageLabel: 'Бумага и алюминиевый стилус, рисующий синюю линию',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: 'И должны\nоставаться вашими.',
+        body: 'Без аккаунта. Без слежки. Заметки остаются на вашем устройстве, пока вы не решите иначе.',
+        imageLabel: 'Заметка, надёжно укрытая в стеклянном архивном футляре',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: 'Создано для всех.',
+        body: 'OpenNotes бесплатен, приватен и разрабатывается открыто. Это наше обещание.',
+        imageLabel: 'Раскрытый блокнот с тремя плетёными закладками у переплёта',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: 'В безопасности даже\nпри катастрофах.',
+        body: 'Потерянный iPad, сбой, удалённое приложение — с копией в iCloud ваши заметки переживут всё, в вашем собственном iCloud. Ничто никогда не покидает ваш аккаунт Apple.',
+        imageLabel: 'Заметка в прозрачном футляре, защищённая от повреждений',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'Копия в iCloud',
+    statusAutomatic: 'Автоматически — заметки переживут удаление приложения',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloud недоступен — войдите в iCloud, чтобы защитить заметки',
+    statusOff: 'Выключено — заметки существуют только на этом устройстве',
+    turnOffTitle: 'Выключить копию в iCloud?',
+    turnOffMessage:
+      'Заметки будут существовать только на этом устройстве. Удаление приложения удалит их навсегда.',
+    turnOffConfirm: 'Выключить',
+    keepOn: 'Оставить включённой',
+    restoreTitle: 'Восстановить заметки?',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `Для аккаунта этого устройства найдена копия iCloud: ${noteText}${when ? ` (сохранена ${when})` : ''}.`,
+    restoreAction: 'Восстановить',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: 'Восстановление завершено',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) =>
+      `Восстановлено файлов: ${count}.`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: 'Восстановление завершено с ошибками',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `Восстановлено файлов: ${restored}; не удалось прочитать из iCloud: ${failed}. Остальное попробуйте позже.`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: 'iCloud сейчас недоступен. Попробуйте позже.',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: 'Свободным заметкам нужна небольшая помощь.',
+    subtitle: 'Всё здесь необязательно. Ведение заметок от этого не зависит.',
+    joinTitle: 'Присоединиться к сообществу',
+    joinSubtitle: 'Идеи, новости и общение',
+    rateTitle: 'Оценить OpenNotes',
+    rateSubtitle: 'Оставить отзыв в App Store',
+    githubTitle: 'Поставить звезду на GitHub',
+    githubSubtitle: 'Следить за открытым проектом',
+    missionTitle: 'Наша миссия',
+    missionSubtitle: 'Почему OpenNotes остаётся бесплатным и приватным',
+    privacy: 'Конфиденциальность',
+    terms: 'Условия',
+    support: 'Поддержка',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: 'Помогите развивать OpenNotes.',
+    body: 'Делитесь идеями, голосуйте за будущие функции и знакомьтесь с теми, кто верит, что заметки должны оставаться свободными.',
+    join: 'Присоединиться к сообществу',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: 'Не удалось обновить статус сообщества',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: 'Оценки пока недоступны',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage:
+      'Оценка станет доступна, когда OpenNotes установлен из магазина приложений.',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: 'Не удалось открыть оценки',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: 'только что',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `${m} мин назад`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `${h} ч назад`,
+    yesterday: 'вчера',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `${d} дн. назад`,
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zhHans.ts b/src/i18n/locales/zhHans.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28541e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zhHans.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+import type { Strings } from './en';
+
+export const zhHans: Strings = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: '取消',
+    delete: '删除',
+    rename: '重命名',
+    save: '保存',
+    create: '创建',
+    continue: '继续',
+    notNow: '暂不',
+    untitled: '未命名',
+    folder: '文件夹',
+    pleaseTryAgain: '请重试。',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: '请稍后重试。',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: '资料库',
+    foldersSection: '文件夹',
+    notesSection: '笔记',
+    emptyTitle: '还没有笔记',
+    emptySubtitle: '点按加号按钮，创建你的第一条笔记或文件夹。',
+    emptyFolderTitle: '空文件夹',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `点按加号按钮，向${folderName}添加笔记。`,
+    thisFolder: '此文件夹',
+    newNote: '新建笔记',
+    newFolder: '新建文件夹',
+    createTitle: '创建',
+    newFolderTitle: '新建文件夹',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: '文件夹名称',
+    renameNoteTitle: '重命名笔记',
+    renameFolderTitle: '重命名文件夹',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: '笔记标题',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: '新建笔记',
+    titlePlaceholder: '标题',
+    moveToFolder: '移入文件夹',
+    moveToRoot: '移出文件夹',
+    root: '根目录',
+    folderEmpty: '空',
+    noteCount: (count: number) => `${count} 条笔记`,
+    supportA11y: '支持 OpenNotes',
+    headerActionA11y: '标题栏操作',
+    deleteNoteTitle: '删除笔记？',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `“${title}”将被永久删除。`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: '删除文件夹？',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `“${name}”将被删除。其中的笔记会保留在资料库中。`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: '删除文件夹',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: '删除（保留笔记）',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: '删除文件夹和笔记？',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `“${name}”及其中的${noteText}将被永久删除。`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: '删除文件夹和所有笔记',
+    deleteAllLabel: '全部删除',
+    couldNotCreateNote: '无法创建笔记',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: '无法删除笔记',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: '无法删除文件夹',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: '空白',
+      lined: '横线',
+      grid: '方格',
+      dotted: '点阵',
+      graph: '坐标纸',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: '介绍进度',
+    skip: '跳过',
+    skipA11y: '跳过介绍',
+    startWriting: '开始书写',
+    enableBackup: '开启 iCloud 备份',
+    continueWithoutBackup: '不备份，继续',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: '笔记应当\n是自由的。',
+        body: 'OpenNotes 正是如此。手写记录、批注 PDF、留住每一页，无需订阅。',
+        imageLabel: '纸张和一支正在画蓝线的铝制触控笔',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: '也应当\n属于你。',
+        body: '无账户。无追踪。在你另作决定之前，笔记只留在你的设备上。',
+        imageLabel: '安放在玻璃档案盒中的一页笔记',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: '为每个人而做。',
+        body: 'OpenNotes 免费、私密、公开开发。这是我们的承诺。',
+        imageLabel: '摊开的笔记本，三条织带书签汇于装订处',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: '即使遭遇灾难，\n也安然无恙。',
+        body: 'iPad 丢失、设备死机、应用被删——有了 iCloud 备份，你的笔记都能在你自己的 iCloud 中幸存。任何内容都不会离开你的 Apple 账户。',
+        imageLabel: '被透明保护壳守护、免受损伤的一页笔记',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'iCloud 备份',
+    statusAutomatic: '自动 — 即使删除应用，笔记也会保留',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloud 不可用 — 请登录 iCloud 以保护你的笔记',
+    statusOff: '已关闭 — 笔记仅存在于此设备',
+    turnOffTitle: '关闭 iCloud 备份？',
+    turnOffMessage: '你的笔记将仅存在于此设备。删除应用会永久删除这些笔记。',
+    turnOffConfirm: '关闭',
+    keepOn: '保持备份开启',
+    restoreTitle: '恢复你的笔记？',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `在此设备的账户中找到了包含${noteText}的 iCloud 备份${when ? `（${when}备份）` : ''}。`,
+    restoreAction: '恢复',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: '恢复完成',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) => `已恢复 ${count} 个文件。`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: '恢复完成，但存在问题',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `已恢复 ${restored} 个文件，${failed} 个无法从 iCloud 读取。其余请稍后重试。`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: '目前无法连接 iCloud。请稍后重试。',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: '自由的笔记，需要一点支持。',
+    subtitle: '这里的一切都是可选的。写笔记从不依赖于此。',
+    joinTitle: '加入社区',
+    joinSubtitle: '想法、动态与交流',
+    rateTitle: '评价 OpenNotes',
+    rateSubtitle: '在 App Store 留下评价',
+    githubTitle: '在 GitHub 加星',
+    githubSubtitle: '关注这个开源项目',
+    missionTitle: '我们的使命',
+    missionSubtitle: '为什么 OpenNotes 始终免费且私密',
+    privacy: '隐私',
+    terms: '条款',
+    support: '支持',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: '一起塑造 OpenNotes。',
+    body: '分享想法、投票决定下一步，结识同样相信笔记应当自由的人。',
+    join: '加入社区',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: '无法更新社区状态',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: '评价功能暂不可用',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage: '当 OpenNotes 从应用商店安装后，评价功能即可使用。',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: '无法打开评价',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: '刚刚',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `${m} 分钟前`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `${h} 小时前`,
+    yesterday: '昨天',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `${d} 天前`,
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/i18n/locales/zhHant.ts b/src/i18n/locales/zhHant.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af0b367
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/i18n/locales/zhHant.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+import type { Strings } from './en';
+
+export const zhHant: Strings = {
+  common: {
+    cancel: '取消',
+    delete: '刪除',
+    rename: '重新命名',
+    save: '儲存',
+    create: '建立',
+    continue: '繼續',
+    notNow: '暫時不要',
+    untitled: '未命名',
+    folder: '資料夾',
+    pleaseTryAgain: '請再試一次。',
+    pleaseTryAgainLater: '請稍後再試。',
+  },
+  library: {
+    backLabel: '資料庫',
+    foldersSection: '資料夾',
+    notesSection: '筆記',
+    emptyTitle: '還沒有筆記',
+    emptySubtitle: '點一下加號按鈕，建立你的第一則筆記或資料夾。',
+    emptyFolderTitle: '空資料夾',
+    emptyFolderSubtitle: (folderName: string) =>
+      `點一下加號按鈕，將筆記加入${folderName}。`,
+    thisFolder: '此資料夾',
+    newNote: '新增筆記',
+    newFolder: '新增資料夾',
+    createTitle: '建立',
+    newFolderTitle: '新增資料夾',
+    folderNamePlaceholder: '資料夾名稱',
+    renameNoteTitle: '重新命名筆記',
+    renameFolderTitle: '重新命名資料夾',
+    noteTitlePlaceholder: '筆記標題',
+    newNoteSheetTitle: '新增筆記',
+    titlePlaceholder: '標題',
+    moveToFolder: '移至資料夾',
+    moveToRoot: '移出資料夾',
+    root: '最上層',
+    folderEmpty: '空的',
+    noteCount: (count: number) => `${count} 則筆記`,
+    supportA11y: '支持 OpenNotes',
+    headerActionA11y: '標題列動作',
+    deleteNoteTitle: '刪除筆記？',
+    deleteNoteMessage: (title: string) => `「${title}」將被永久刪除。`,
+    deleteFolderTitle: '刪除資料夾？',
+    deleteFolderMessage: (name: string) =>
+      `「${name}」將被刪除。其中的筆記會留在你的資料庫。`,
+    deleteFolderLabel: '刪除資料夾',
+    deleteKeepNotesLabel: '刪除（保留筆記）',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesTitle: '刪除資料夾和筆記？',
+    deleteFolderAndNotesMessage: (name: string, noteText: string) =>
+      `「${name}」及其中的${noteText}將被永久刪除。`,
+    deleteFolderAndNotesLabel: '刪除資料夾和所有筆記',
+    deleteAllLabel: '全部刪除',
+    couldNotCreateNote: '無法建立筆記',
+    couldNotDeleteNote: '無法刪除筆記',
+    couldNotDeleteFolder: '無法刪除資料夾',
+    backgrounds: {
+      plain: '空白',
+      lined: '橫線',
+      grid: '方格',
+      dotted: '點陣',
+      graph: '方眼紙',
+      pdf: 'PDF',
+    },
+  },
+  onboarding: {
+    progressA11y: '介紹進度',
+    skip: '略過',
+    skipA11y: '略過介紹',
+    startWriting: '開始書寫',
+    enableBackup: '開啟 iCloud 備份',
+    continueWithoutBackup: '不備份，繼續',
+    slides: {
+      free: {
+        title: '筆記應該\n是自由的。',
+        body: 'OpenNotes 正是如此。手寫記錄、標註 PDF、留下每一頁，毋須訂閱。',
+        imageLabel: '紙張和一支正在畫藍線的鋁製觸控筆',
+      },
+      privacy: {
+        title: '也應該\n屬於你。',
+        body: '沒有帳號。沒有追蹤。在你另做決定之前，筆記只留在你的裝置上。',
+        imageLabel: '安放於玻璃典藏盒中的一頁筆記',
+      },
+      mission: {
+        title: '為每個人而造。',
+        body: 'OpenNotes 免費、私密、公開開發。這是我們的承諾。',
+        imageLabel: '攤開的筆記本，三條織帶書籤匯聚於裝訂處',
+      },
+      backup: {
+        title: '即使遇上災難，\n也安然無恙。',
+        body: 'iPad 遺失、裝置當機、App 被刪——有了 iCloud 備份，你的筆記都能在你自己的 iCloud 中留存。任何內容都不會離開你的 Apple 帳號。',
+        imageLabel: '受透明保護殼守護、免於損傷的一頁筆記',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  backup: {
+    rowTitle: 'iCloud 備份',
+    statusAutomatic: '自動 — 即使刪除 App，筆記也會保留',
+    statusUnavailable: 'iCloud 無法使用 — 請登入 iCloud 以保護你的筆記',
+    statusOff: '已關閉 — 筆記僅存在於此裝置',
+    turnOffTitle: '關閉 iCloud 備份？',
+    turnOffMessage: '你的筆記將僅存在於此裝置。刪除 App 會永久刪除這些筆記。',
+    turnOffConfirm: '關閉',
+    keepOn: '保持備份開啟',
+    restoreTitle: '回復你的筆記？',
+    restoreMessage: (noteText: string, when: string | null) =>
+      `在此裝置的帳號中找到了包含${noteText}的 iCloud 備份${when ? `（${when}備份）` : ''}。`,
+    restoreAction: '回復',
+    restoreCompleteTitle: '回復完成',
+    restoreCompleteMessage: (count: number) => `已回復 ${count} 個檔案。`,
+    restoreProblemsTitle: '回復完成，但有問題',
+    restorePartialMessage: (restored: number, failed: number) =>
+      `已回復 ${restored} 個檔案，${failed} 個無法從 iCloud 讀取。其餘請稍後再試。`,
+    restoreUnavailableMessage: '目前無法連線 iCloud。請稍後再試。',
+  },
+  sheet: {
+    title: '自由的筆記，需要一點支持。',
+    subtitle: '這裡的一切都是選擇性的。寫筆記從不倚賴這些。',
+    joinTitle: '加入社群',
+    joinSubtitle: '想法、消息與交流',
+    rateTitle: '評分 OpenNotes',
+    rateSubtitle: '在 App Store 留下評論',
+    githubTitle: '在 GitHub 加星',
+    githubSubtitle: '追蹤這個開源專案',
+    missionTitle: '我們的使命',
+    missionSubtitle: '為什麼 OpenNotes 始終免費且私密',
+    privacy: '隱私權',
+    terms: '條款',
+    support: '支援',
+  },
+  community: {
+    title: '一起形塑 OpenNotes。',
+    body: '分享想法、投票決定下一步，認識同樣相信筆記應該自由的人。',
+    join: '加入社群',
+    couldNotUpdateTitle: '無法更新社群狀態',
+    ratingsUnavailableTitle: '評分功能尚無法使用',
+    ratingsUnavailableMessage: '當 OpenNotes 從 App 商店安裝後，即可使用評分功能。',
+    couldNotOpenRatingsTitle: '無法開啟評分',
+  },
+  time: {
+    justNow: '剛剛',
+    minutesAgo: (m: number) => `${m} 分鐘前`,
+    hoursAgo: (h: number) => `${h} 小時前`,
+    yesterday: '昨天',
+    daysAgo: (d: number) => `${d} 天前`,
+  },
+};
diff --git a/src/utils/relativeTime.ts b/src/utils/relativeTime.ts
index e1bce48..f244678 100644
--- a/src/utils/relativeTime.ts
+++ b/src/utils/relativeTime.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { t } from '../i18n';
+
 const SECOND = 1000;
 const MINUTE = 60 * SECOND;
 const HOUR = 60 * MINUTE;
@@ -10,18 +12,16 @@ export function formatRelative(iso: string): string {
   const now = Date.now();
   const diff = now - then;
 
-  if (diff < 30 * SECOND) return 'just now';
+  if (diff < 30 * SECOND) return t.time.justNow;
   if (diff < HOUR) {
-    const m = Math.max(1, Math.floor(diff / MINUTE));
-    return `${m}m ago`;
+    return t.time.minutesAgo(Math.max(1, Math.floor(diff / MINUTE)));
   }
   if (diff < DAY) {
-    const h = Math.floor(diff / HOUR);
-    return `${h}h ago`;
+    return t.time.hoursAgo(Math.floor(diff / HOUR));
   }
   if (diff < WEEK) {
     const d = Math.floor(diff / DAY);
-    return d === 1 ? 'yesterday' : `${d}d ago`;
+    return d === 1 ? t.time.yesterday : t.time.daysAgo(d);
   }
 
   const date = new Date(iso);