35_search_insert_position.cpp

#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

class Solution {
public:
    int searchInsert(vector<int>& nums, int target) {
        int left = 0, right = nums.size() - 1;
        while (right >= left) {
            int mid = (left + right) / 2;
            if (nums[mid] == target) {
                return mid;
            } else if (nums[mid] > target) {
                right = mid - 1;
            } else {
                left = mid + 1;
            }
        }
        return left;
    }
};

int main() {
    ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(nullptr);
    vector<int> nums = {3, 4, 5, 7};
    int target = 8;
    Solution solve;
    int result = solve.searchInsert(nums, target);
    cout << result << '\n';
    return 0;
}

/*
    ------------------
    Problem Statement:
    ------------------

    Given a sorted array of distinct integers and a target value, return the index if the target is found. If not, return the index where it would be if it were inserted in order.

    You must write an algorithm with O(log n) runtime complexity.

    ----------
    Example 1:
    ----------

    Input: nums = [1,3,5,6], target = 5
    Output: 2

    ----------
    Example 2:
    ----------

    Input: nums = [1,3,5,6], target = 2
    Output: 1

    ----------
    Example 3:
    ----------

    Input: nums = [1,3,5,6], target = 7
    Output: 4
    
    ------------
    Constraints:
    ------------

    1 <= nums.length <= 10^4
    -10^4 <= nums[i] <= 10^4
    nums contains distinct values sorted in ascending order.
    -10^4 <= target <= 10^4
*/