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data structures

organizing, processing, retrieving, storing data

data problem

how are data structures used?
characteristics of data structures
data types
types of data structures
how to choose a data structure
five factors to consider

how are data structures used?

storing data
- database management system
managing resources and services
- core operating system
  - memory allocation
  - file directory management
  - file structure trees
  - process scheduling queues
data exchange
- TCP/IP
ordering and sorting
- binary search trees
- priority queues
indexing
- B-trees
searching
- binary search trees
- B-trees
- hash tables
scalability
- distributed storage locations

characteristics of data structures

linear or non-linear
homogeneous or heterogeneous（同质或异质）
static or dynamic

data types

boolean
interger
floating-point numbers（浮点数）
fixed-point numbers（定点数）
character
pointers
string

types of data structures

array
linked list
stack
heap
queue
tree
graph
hash table

how to choose a data structure?

supported operations
computational complexity（计算复杂度）
programming elegance（编程优雅）

five factors to consider

数据形式，使用，位置，关系，扩展；
可类比职位的作用：
    职位描述，职责，在哪发挥作用，和其它职业如何互动，将来可以有何种发展；

what kind of information will bo sorted?
how will that information be used?
where should data persist, or be kept, after it is created?
what is the best way to organize the data?
what aspects of memory and storage reservation management should be considered?