[CI][R] R nightly binary upload runs before the crossbow packaging branch exists #55335

Describe the bug, including details regarding any error messages, version, and platform.

r_nightly.yml has failed daily since 2026-10-26 with KeyError: 'Branch not found: origin/nightly-packaging-<date>-0' (https://github.com/apache/arrow/actions/runs/40887508161).

It runs at 14:00 UTC and assumes crossbow's packaging submit (cron 08:27 UTC) has already created the branch (

). The crossbow scheduled run has been starting between 14:43 and 15:19 UTC since 2026-10-26, so the branch doesn't exist yet. The r-binary-packages job itself succeeds every day; the binaries just never get uploaded.

As a result the Linux nightly libarrow binary on nightlies.apache.org is still the 2026-10-25 build (26.0.0.100000032), which predates #54905 and has no arrow-gcs.pc, so test-r-extra-packages has failed since 2026-10-28 with Package 'arrow-gcs' not found (https://github.com/ursacomputing/crossbow/actions/runs/40825142323). The 2026-10-29 crossbow build does contain arrow-gcs.pc and libarrow_gcs.a, so uploading it fixes that job.

Move the upload cron later so it runs after the crossbow packaging jobs have finished.

This issue was drafted with the help of an AI assistant.