Fix ValueError on unlisted CrateDB column type identifiers

[bgunebakan]

Summary of the changes / Why this is an improvement

• Added the five missing members to DataType.
• Added _resolve() that returns None for identifiers unknown to this client instead of raising error.
• Add UUID support to DefaultTypeConverter and update documentation

It is out of the scope of the issue ticket but I added a converter for DataType.UUID in this PR as well, because the enum member is introduced here.Before the round trip was asymmetric. uuid.UUID is already accepted as a parameter on the write side, but reads came back as str. DefaultTypeConverter now decodes UUID columns to uuid.UUID.

Checklist

• Link to issue this PR refers to (if applicable): Fixes DataType enum: reads raise ValueError on five documented wire type IDs #829