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feat(math): add central finite-difference gradient-check test helper - #344
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Add GradientCheck.hpp to numerical.math_test_helper INTERFACE library (namespace math::test). Provides CentralDifferenceGradient with scalar, per-component-vector, and auto-step (cbrt(eps)*max(1,|x_i|)) overloads, plus ExpectGradientNear that ADD_FAILUREs on any component where both absolute and relative errors exceed the tolerance. Add 7 TEST_F cases covering quadratic/polynomial gradients, default step scaling, pass/fail detection via EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE, and per-component step vectors. Document that Matrix<T,0,1> is intentionally blocked: relaxing the static_assert would permit UB on any element access (std::array<T,0> element access is UB); the recommended pattern is std::optional<Vector> or a parameter-free interface variant. Note added to MatrixOperations.md. Add gradient-check helper reference to TESTING.md. Closes #341 Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01N4pngRiBqeb1xiseKXNLG6
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| Descriptor | Linter | Files | Fixed | Errors | Max errors | Warnings | Elapsed time |
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| ✅ ACTION | actionlint | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0.54s | ||
| ✅ CPP | clang-format | 418 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 3.92s | |
| ✅ CPP | cppcheck | 418 | 0 | 0 | 10.03s | ||
| ✅ DOCKERFILE | hadolint | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.69s | ||
| ✅ JSON | jsonlint | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0.12s | ||
| ✅ JSON | prettier | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0.45s | |
| markdownlint | 130 | 3 | 185 | 0 | 2.88s | ||
| ✅ MARKDOWN | markdown-table-formatter | 130 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0.34s | |
| lychee | 239 | 24 | 0 | 21.21s | |||
| ✅ YAML | prettier | 12 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0.61s | |
| ✅ YAML | yamllint | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0.69s |
Detailed Issues
⚠️ SPELL / lychee - 24 errors
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Closes #341
numerical/math/test_doubles/GradientCheck.hpp(innumerical.math_test_helper, namespacemath::test):CentralDifferenceGradient(f, x[, h])returns amath::Vector<T, N>.hcan be a scalar, a per-component vector, or omitted. When omitted,DefaultFiniteDifferenceSteps(x)usescbrt(eps) · max(1, |x_i|). The quotient divides by the representable stepx⁺ − x⁻, not by2h.ExpectGradientNear(analytic, f, x[, h], tol)callsADD_FAILUREfor each component whose absolute and relative errors both exceedtol. The message names the index, both values and both errors.Tests (
TestGradientCheck, 4 ×TEST_Fonfloat): agreement with an analytic gradient, the default-step formula, acceptance of a correct gradient, and a failure report naming the wrong component (viaEXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE).Zero-size
Matrix<T, 0, 1>: this PR documents the pattern and leaves thestatic_assertin place (seedoc/math/MatrixOperations.md). Allowing zero dimensions would makeat()/operator[]compile into accesses with no valid index, so a compile-time error would become silent undefined behaviour. Parameter-free layers should report "no parameters" explicitly, through an optional/absent parameter vector or an interface with no parameter accessor. If you'd rather have empty vectors supported, that can be a follow-up.TESTING.mdnow points to the helper for the M1 gradient-check invariant.Validation:
numerical.math_testpasses 552/552 (host, GCC 13,-Werror), and clang-format is clean.🤖 Generated with Claude Code
https://claude.ai/code/session_01N4pngRiBqeb1xiseKXNLG6
Generated by Claude Code