fix: Add missing main process context to data from other processes

[timfish]

Some data from renderer and utility processes is forwarded to Sentry without passing through the main process client. It was missing context that events from those processes already get.

Renderer spans now get:

• sentry.release and sentry.environment from the main process (environment was always production)
• sentry.sdk.name and sentry.sdk.version for the Electron SDK
• electron.process
• os.* and device.* on segment spans
• ingest_settings.infer_ip from the main process dataCollection.userInfo
• url.full and url.path normalized relative to the app path

Utility process spans, logs and metrics now get the same release, environment, SDK, electron.process, OS and device attributes. Their envelope headers use the Electron SDK and the main process trace context.

Main process spans now get electron.process: browser, the same as logs. The beforeEnvelope hook now normalizes frame paths in profile chunks. Chunks from @sentry/profiling-node only reach that hook once getsentry/sentry-javascript#24896 is released, so the test assertion for them is disabled until then.

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