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masarray merged 5 commits into from
Oct 24, 2026
Merged

P0: SV receiver first-packet diagnostics and untagged 4I4V lab SCL #325

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2b6287e
test(interop): expose untagged SV lab profile and independent RX firs…
masarray Oct 24, 2026
a253468
test(scl): use explicit uint16 APPID literal for MSVC warnings-as-errors
masarray Oct 24, 2026
bbbea72
docs(p0): show tagged and untagged SV in independent receiver capture
masarray Oct 24, 2026
46ba4d0
test(p0): lock tagged/untagged SCL stream identity and payload parity
masarray Oct 24, 2026
83439a4
test(p0): keep SCL VLAN parity assertions warning-free under MSVC /WX
masarray Oct 24, 2026
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion SUPPORT.md
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Expand Up @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Useful details include the Studio release, Windows version, ESP32-P4 firmware bu

**Can't find the board?** Check the USB data cable and serial device selection; use **Configuration → Firmware** to verify the ESP32-P4 and install matching firmware.

**Can't see SV in Wireshark?** Verify the isolated Ethernet topology, selected capture interface and whether a switch mirror/TAP is needed.
**SMV missing in ARSAS, DigSubAnalyzer or Wireshark?** Follow the [independent Ethernet receiver check](docs/INTEROP_FIRST_PACKET.md): verify SV RUNNING, capture on the actual NIC, and compare priority-tagged VLAN 0 with the optional untagged lab SCL.

**Interested in IEC 61850 subscriber testing?** Share results in the [community interoperability guide](docs/COMMUNITY_TESTING.md).

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70 changes: 70 additions & 0 deletions apps/arstack_studio/templates/arstack_4i4v_untagged_lab.scd
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<SCL xmlns="http://www.iec.ch/61850/2003/SCL" xmlns:sxy="http://www.iec.ch/61850/2003/SCLcoordinates" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.iec.ch/61850/2003/SCL SCL.xsd http://www.iec.ch/61850/2003/SCLcoordinates">
<Header id="ARStack-4I4V-Untagged-Lab"/>
<Communication>
<SubNetwork name="ProcessBus" desc="ARStack untagged Ethernet SV laboratory profile" type="8-MMS">
<ConnectedAP iedName="ARSTACK_MU01" apName="LD0">
<SMV ldInst="MU01" cbName="MSVCB01">
<Address>
<P type="MAC-Address" xsi:type="tP_MAC-Address">01-0C-CD-04-00-01</P>
<P type="APPID" xsi:type="tP_APPID">4000</P>
</Address>
</SMV>
</ConnectedAP>
</SubNetwork>
</Communication>
<IED name="ARSTACK_MU01" desc="ARStack 4I+4V reference merging unit" type="ARStack-SMV-Reference" manufacturer="ARStack61850" configVersion="1.0">
<AccessPoint name="LD0">
<Server>
<LDevice desc="ARStack 4I+4V reference" inst="MU01">
<LN0 desc="ARStack 4I+4V reference" lnClass="LLN0" inst="" lnType="MULLN0_ED1_A1_0">
<DataSet name="PhsMeas1">
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TCTR" lnInst="1" doName="AmpSv" daName="instMag.i" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TCTR" lnInst="1" doName="AmpSv" daName="q" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TCTR" lnInst="2" doName="AmpSv" daName="instMag.i" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TCTR" lnInst="2" doName="AmpSv" daName="q" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TCTR" lnInst="3" doName="AmpSv" daName="instMag.i" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TCTR" lnInst="3" doName="AmpSv" daName="q" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TCTR" lnInst="4" doName="AmpSv" daName="instMag.i" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TCTR" lnInst="4" doName="AmpSv" daName="q" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TVTR" lnInst="1" doName="VolSv" daName="instMag.i" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TVTR" lnInst="1" doName="VolSv" daName="q" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TVTR" lnInst="2" doName="VolSv" daName="instMag.i" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TVTR" lnInst="2" doName="VolSv" daName="q" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TVTR" lnInst="3" doName="VolSv" daName="instMag.i" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TVTR" lnInst="3" doName="VolSv" daName="q" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TVTR" lnInst="4" doName="VolSv" daName="instMag.i" fc="MX"/>
<FCDA ldInst="MU01" prefix="" lnClass="TVTR" lnInst="4" doName="VolSv" daName="q" fc="MX"/>
</DataSet>
<SampledValueControl multicast="true" name="MSVCB01" datSet="PhsMeas1" confRev="1" smvID="ARSTACK_SV01" smpRate="4000" smpMod="SmpPerSec" nofASDU="1">
<SmvOpts refreshTime="false" sampleSynchronized="true" sampleRate="false" dataSet="false" security="false" synchSourceId="false"/>
</SampledValueControl>
</LN0>
<LN lnType="CTR-P" lnClass="TCTR" inst="1"/>
<LN lnType="CTR-P" lnClass="TCTR" inst="2"/>
<LN lnType="CTR-P" lnClass="TCTR" inst="3"/>
<LN lnType="CTR-N" lnClass="TCTR" inst="4"/>
<LN lnType="VTR-P" lnClass="TVTR" inst="1"/>
<LN lnType="VTR-P" lnClass="TVTR" inst="2"/>
<LN lnType="VTR-P" lnClass="TVTR" inst="3"/>
<LN lnType="VTR-N" lnClass="TVTR" inst="4"/>
</LDevice>
</Server>
</AccessPoint>
</IED>
<DataTypeTemplates>
<LNodeType id="MULLN0_ED1_A1_0" lnClass="LLN0"/>
<LNodeType id="CTR-P" lnClass="TCTR"><DO name="AmpSv" type="AmpSAV"/></LNodeType>
<LNodeType id="CTR-N" lnClass="TCTR"><DO name="AmpSv" type="AmpSAV"/></LNodeType>
<LNodeType id="VTR-P" lnClass="TVTR"><DO name="VolSv" type="VolSAV"/></LNodeType>
<LNodeType id="VTR-N" lnClass="TVTR"><DO name="VolSv" type="VolSAV"/></LNodeType>
<DOType id="AmpSAV" cdc="SAV">
<DA name="instMag" bType="Struct" type="AnalogueValue" fc="MX"/>
<DA name="q" bType="Quality" fc="MX" qchg="true"/>
</DOType>
<DOType id="VolSAV" cdc="SAV">
<DA name="instMag" bType="Struct" type="AnalogueValue" fc="MX"/>
<DA name="q" bType="Quality" fc="MX" qchg="true"/>
</DOType>
<DAType id="AnalogueValue"><BDA name="i" bType="INT32"/></DAType>
</DataTypeTemplates>
</SCL>
38 changes: 38 additions & 0 deletions docs/INTEROP_FIRST_PACKET.md
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# First SV packet — independent receiver check

Use this when ARStack Studio reports SV publishing but ARSAS or DigSubAnalyzer shows no Sampled Values. The goal is to identify whether the frame is **missing from the receiving Ethernet interface** or **arriving but not being decoded**.

## 1. Confirm SV is actually publishing

Connect the ESP32-P4 to an **isolated laboratory Ethernet network**. Open ARStack Studio and confirm **SV RUNNING** with increasing transmit/frame counts. PTP RUNNING alone does not mean SV frames are being transmitted.

## 2. Capture on the receiver's Ethernet adapter

On the same Windows machine used for the analyzer:

1. Select the **physical Ethernet adapter** connected to the ESP32-P4 laboratory network, rather than Wi-Fi or the Npcap loopback adapter.
2. In Wireshark, start a new capture **with no capture filter**. A capture filter is different from a display filter.
3. While Studio is publishing, apply the **display filter** `eth.type == 0x88ba || vlan.etype == 0x88ba`. This covers both plain SV Ethernet frames and SV inside an 802.1Q priority/VLAN tag. The outer `eth.type` may be `0x8100` for tagged frames, so `eth.type == 0x88ba` **alone is not sufficient**.
4. Record whether SV frames appear and whether packet details show `APPID`, `svID`, `smpCnt`, destination MAC and, where present, VLAN ID/PCP. Check the actual packet bytes, not only the configured SCL; NIC VLAN offload/stripping can change what a host capture exposes.
5. Save **3–5 seconds** of traffic as `.pcapng` or `.pcap` with **no capture filter**, along with the selected NIC name, physical topology, Studio/firmware versions, analyzer versions and chosen stream filters. Remove confidential project information before sharing.

The reference M3.H profile uses APPID `0x4000`, destination `01:0C:CD:04:00:01` and approximately **4,000 frames/s**. The stream ID depends on the profile deployed by Studio; do not assume a specific `svID` without examining the wire.

## 3. Compare VLAN-tagged with untagged laboratory SV

The included **reference SCL** requests Ethernet **802.1Q priority tagging**: VLAN ID `0`, PCP `4`. Some PC network or switch paths handle priority-tagged traffic differently.

For diagnosis only, an alternative [untagged 4I+4V SCL](../apps/arstack_studio/templates/arstack_4i4v_untagged_lab.scd) keeps the same APPID, multicast MAC, data-set and sample rate **but omits VLAN tagging**. In Studio, stop publishing, load this SCL, select/deploy its SV stream and restart. Compare the receiving capture against the original configuration.

**Do not change the VLAN scheme on an operating substation network.** This is an isolated-bench comparison to identify an Ethernet capture path difference; a change in receive behavior is evidence about the path, not proof of an arbitrary SV protocol fault.

## 4. Interpret the result

| What the receiver PC observes | Next engineering action |
| --- | --- |
| No plain or VLAN-encapsulated SV frames on the selected adapter | Check board link, Studio TX state, adapter choice, switch mirror/TAP, NIC VLAN offload and tagged VLAN forwarding. First confirm the combined display filter was used. |
| SV appears in Wireshark but not in DigSubAnalyzer | Note raw frame and decoder counters and share the capture; inspect Npcap filter and raw BER path. |
| SV appears in Wireshark but ARSAS snapshot stays empty | Use ARSAS's **First received SV stream** option (when available), or match selected SCL APPID/MAC/`svID` to the actual packet. |
| SV decodes in both applications | Compare samples, `smpCnt` rollover and waveform plausibility, then continue to timing/interoperability checks. |

Open [P0 receiver acceptance issue #324](https://github.com/masarray/arstack61850/issues/324) for incident tracking. A self-decoded PCAP from Studio cannot replace an **independent RX capture from the affected NIC**.
49 changes: 49 additions & 0 deletions tests/test_scl.cpp
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Expand Up @@ -1204,6 +1204,54 @@ void parser_detects_duplicate_ieds_and_missing_dataset_references() {
}));
}

void arstack_untagged_lab_reference_compiles_without_vlan_tag() {
using namespace ar::iec61850::sampled_values;
using namespace ar::iec61850::scl;

const auto path = std::filesystem::path{ARIEC61850_SOURCE_DIR} /
"apps" / "arstack_studio" / "templates" /
"arstack_4i4v_untagged_lab.scd";
const auto document = SclParser{}.load(path);
CHECK(document.sampled_values_streams.size() == 1U);
const auto& stream = document.sampled_values_streams.front();
CHECK(stream.address.app_id == std::optional<std::uint16_t>{static_cast<std::uint16_t>(0x4000U)});
CHECK(!stream.address.vlan_id.has_value());
CHECK(!stream.address.vlan_priority.has_value());
CHECK(stream.entries.size() == 16U);
CHECK(stream.sample_rate == 4000U);
CHECK(stream.no_asdu == 1U);

// A/B lab isolation must change only the outer Ethernet VLAN tag.
// Preserve the shipped reference stream's application identity and data layout.
const auto reference_path = std::filesystem::path{ARIEC61850_SOURCE_DIR} /
"apps" / "arstack_studio" / "templates" /
"arstack_4i4v_9-2le_reference.scd";
const auto reference_document = SclParser{}.load(reference_path);
CHECK(reference_document.sampled_values_streams.size() == 1U);
const auto& reference = reference_document.sampled_values_streams.front();
CHECK(reference.address.vlan_id == std::optional<std::uint16_t>{static_cast<std::uint16_t>(0U)});
CHECK(reference.address.vlan_priority == std::optional<std::uint8_t>{static_cast<std::uint8_t>(4U)});
CHECK(stream.address.destination_mac == reference.address.destination_mac);
CHECK(stream.address.app_id == reference.address.app_id);
CHECK(stream.sv_id == reference.sv_id);
CHECK(stream.configuration_revision == reference.configuration_revision);
CHECK(stream.sample_rate == reference.sample_rate);
CHECK(stream.no_asdu == reference.no_asdu);
CHECK(stream.entries.size() == reference.entries.size());

SvPublisherProfileCompileContext context;
context.profile_family = SvProfileFamily::legacy_9_2le;
context.sample_counter_modulus = static_cast<std::uint16_t>(4000U);
const auto compiled = SvPublisherProfileCompiler::compile(stream, context);
CHECK(compiled.ok());
CHECK(compiled.profile.has_value());
CHECK(!compiled.profile->vlan_present);
CHECK(compiled.profile->app_id == 0x4000U);
CHECK(compiled.profile->payload_size_bytes == 64U);
CHECK(compiled.profile->timing.exact_frame_rate_hz() ==
std::optional<std::uint32_t>{4000U});
}

void parser_detects_editions_from_root_metadata() {
using namespace ar::iec61850::scl;

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1281,6 +1329,7 @@ int main() {
{"Simulator semantic defaults and indexed RCBs", simulator_compiles_semantic_defaults_and_indexed_report_instances},
{"SCL SettingControl", parser_preserves_setting_control_and_invalid_state},
{"SCL conflicts and warnings", parser_detects_duplicate_ieds_and_missing_dataset_references},
{"ARStack untagged SV lab profile", arstack_untagged_lab_reference_compiles_without_vlan_tag},
{"SCL edition detection", parser_detects_editions_from_root_metadata},
{"SCL prefixed namespace", parser_supports_prefixed_namespaces_and_predefined_entities},
{"SCL secure XML", secure_xml_reader_rejects_dtd_entities_and_malformed_documents},
Expand Down
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