[docs] Update aspire doctor docs with Aspire version checks

[aspire-repo-bot]

Documents changes from microsoft/aspire#17003 by @davidfowl.

Targeting release/13.4 based on the source PR milestone 13.4.

Why this PR is needed

PR microsoft/aspire#17003 added a new Aspire check category to the aspire doctor command. This category reports:

• The current Aspire CLI version (with a warning and aspire update suggestion when a newer version is available)
• The AppHost Aspire SDK version when an AppHost project is discovered in the current directory

The existing aspire-doctor.mdx page did not mention this new check category, did not show the updated sample output with the Aspire section, and had a minimal JSON output example that did not include the new cli-version and apphost-version check shapes.

What changed

Updated src/frontend/src/content/docs/reference/cli/commands/aspire-doctor.mdx:

• Added Aspire checks to the check category list describing what CLI and AppHost version information is reported
• Replaced the sample output with a fuller example showing the Aspire section, including the out-of-date CLI warning with the aspire update suggestion
• Expanded the JSON output format section to include cli-version and apphost-version check examples, including metadata fields and the warning shape when the CLI is out of date

Files modified

• src/frontend/src/content/docs/reference/cli/commands/aspire-doctor.mdx (updated)

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