sbxcloudpython

Python library for SBXCloud. Minimum Python version is 3.12. It uses asyncio coroutines for concurrency and aiohttp for HTTP requests.

This release adds the new server-side find features — field projection (select), sort arrays, _META (created/updated) queries & sorting, timezone-aware date filtering with the STEP DSL, and an optional column-oriented response layout — without breaking compatibility with older servers. Everything new is opt-in: if you don't call the new methods, requests are identical to before and run unchanged against an old server (see Backward compatibility).

SBXCloud Project

Project Setup

Package manager: uv
Python: >= 3.12
Run: uv run main.py
Install deps: uv sync
Add dep: uv add <package>
Run tests: uv run pytest

Environment Variables (.env)

SBX_DOMAIN=<domain_id>       # Domain ID in SBXCloud
SBX_APP_KEY=<app_key>        # Application key for authentication
SBX_TOKEN=<token>            # Auth token
SBX_HOST=https://sbxcloud.com/api   # Base URL of the SBXCloud API

SBX.get_instance() reads SBX_DOMAIN, SBX_APP_KEY, SBX_TOKEN and SBX_HOST.

SBXCloud Platform Overview

SBXCloud is a BaaS (Backend as a Service) platform that allows creating models (equivalent to database tables) within domains (equivalent to databases/projects). Each domain has an APP_KEY for identification and a TOKEN for authentication.

Core Concepts

Domain: A project/workspace that contains models. Identified by DOMAIN ID.
Model: Equivalent to a database table. Has a name and contains records.
Record: Each record automatically gets a _KEY field (primary key, auto-generated on insert) and _META (creation/update timestamps).
Fetch Models: Equivalent to JOINs - resolve references to other models.

sbxpy Library Usage

Initialization

from sbxpy import SbxCore
from sbxpy.sbx import SBX, SBXResponse
from dotenv import load_dotenv

load_dotenv()
sbx: SbxCore = SBX.get_instance()

SBX.get_instance() reads SBX_DOMAIN, SBX_APP_KEY, SBX_TOKEN, SBX_HOST from environment.

Defining Models

Models extend SBXModel and use the @sbx(model="model_name") decorator. The model_name must match the model name in SBXCloud.

from typing import Optional, List
from pydantic import BaseModel
from sbxpy.domain import SBXModel, sbx

@sbx(model="category")
class SBXCategory(SBXModel):
    category: str

@sbx(model="color")
class SBXColor(SBXModel):
    color_name: str
    html_code_1: Optional[str] = None
    color_group: Optional[str] = None

Key rules for models:

All models inherit from SBXModel (which provides key mapped to _KEY, and meta mapped to _META).
Use the @sbx(model="model_name") decorator to bind to a SBXCloud model.
Fields use Python type hints. Use Optional[type] = None for nullable fields.
References to other models are stored as str (the _KEY of the referenced record).
You can type a reference field as Optional[ModelClass] when it will be populated via fetch_models.

Read row metadata after a find via the meta field:

item = response.first(SBXColor)
print(item.meta.created_time, item.meta.updated_time)   # both Optional[datetime]

Using the library with an OLD server

If your SBXCloud server does not have the new find features, use the library exactly as before. Do not call select(), sort_by(), column_oriented(), set_timezone(), the _META where-helpers, or pass STEP ${...} values — none of those keys are sent unless you opt in.

Basic Query

sbx: SbxCore = SBX.get_instance()
query = sbx.with_model("model_name")
response = SBXResponse(**await query.find())
items = response.all(SBXModelClass)   # Returns List[SBXModelClass]

Find All (paginated automatically)

response = SBXResponse(**await query.find_all())

find() returns a single page. find_all() iterates all pages automatically.

Where Clauses

# Filter by specific keys
query = sbx.with_model("variety").where_with_keys(["key1", "key2", "key3"])

# Greater or equal than
query = (sbx.with_model("cart_box_item")
         .and_where_greater_or_equal_than("cart_box.packing_date", "20260131"))

# Other where methods (follow the pattern):
# .and_where_is_equal(field, value)
# .and_where_is_not_equal(field, value)
# .and_where_less_than(field, value)
# .and_where_greater_than(field, value)
# .and_where_less_or_equal_than(field, value)
# .and_where_is_not_null(field)
# .and_where_is_null(field)
# .and_where_contains/starts_with/ends_with(field, value)
# .and_where_in/not_in(field, list)
# or_where_* variants and new_group_with_and()/new_group_with_or() for grouping

Sorting (legacy)

# legacy order_by -> {"ASC": bool, "FIELD": name}; works on every server
query = sbx.with_model("variety").order_by("variety_name", asc=True)

Fetch Models (JOINs)

Resolve references to other models in a single query. Pass a list of model field names or nested paths.

query = (sbx.with_model("variety")
         .where_with_keys(variety_keys)
         .fetch_models(["product_group", "product_group.category"]))

response = SBXResponse(**await query.find())

# Access fetched/joined data:
# response.fetched_results["product_group"][key_value] -> dict of the referenced record
# response.fetched_results["category"][key_value]      -> dict of nested reference

Nested fetch: "product_group.category" means: from the product_group reference, also fetch its category reference. The fetched results are stored flat by model name in response.fetched_results.

Using the library with the NEW server

The new server supports additive find features. All of them are opt-in via fluent methods and fall back gracefully: an old server simply ignores the extra request keys and returns the legacy response. See Backward compatibility for the exact contract.

1. `select` — field projection

Return only the fields you need (smaller payloads). _KEY and _META are always returned.

# both forms accepted
query = sbx.with_model("variety").select("variety_name", "inactive")
query = sbx.with_model("variety").select(["variety_name", "inactive"])

response = SBXResponse(**await query.find())
items = response.all(SBXVariety)   # only projected fields are populated

2. `sort_by` + `_META` sorting

sort_by() emits the new sort: [{field, order}] array (multiple sort fields allowed). This is required to sort by metadata. Legacy order_by() is left untouched.

query = (sbx.with_model("cart_box")
         .sort_by("_META.updated", "DESC")
         .sort_by("_META.created", "ASC"))

3. Querying by `_META.created` / `_META.updated`

Use the _META constants directly with any where-method, or the convenience helpers. WHERE uses _META.created / _META.updated; the response nests them under _META as created_time / updated_time.

from sbxpy import META_UPDATED   # == "_META.updated"  (also META_CREATED)

# explicit field name with any where-method
query = sbx.with_model("cart_box").and_where_greater_or_equal_than(META_UPDATED, "2026-06-01 00:00:00")

# convenience helpers
query = sbx.with_model("cart_box").and_where_updated_after("2026-06-01 00:00:00")
query = sbx.with_model("order").and_where_created_between("2026-01-01 00:00:00",
                                                          "2026-03-31 23:59:59")

4. Timezone + STEP date DSL

Date values wrapped in ${...} (STEP expressions) are evaluated server-side at query time. Build them with Step. set_timezone() adds an optional IANA timezone for calendar boundaries; rolling offsets (Step.last, Step.now) never use a timezone.

from sbxpy import Step

# "rows updated in the last 7 days", newest first
query = (sbx.with_model("cart_box")
         .and_where_updated_after(Step.last("7d"))
         .sort_by("_META.updated", "DESC"))

# "created since start of today in New York"
query = (sbx.with_model("order")
         .set_timezone("America/New_York")
         .and_where_created_after(Step.start_of("day")))

# Step builders:
Step.now()                              # "${now}"
Step.now("-7d")                         # "${now-7d}"
Step.last("7d")                         # "${last:7d}"
Step.this("week")                       # "${this:week}"
Step.prev("month")                      # "${prev:month}"
Step.next("monday")                     # "${next:monday}"
Step.start_of("day", tz="Europe/London")# "${startOf:day@Europe/London}"
Step.end_of("quarter")                  # "${endOf:quarter}"
Step.expr("last 7 days")                # "${last 7 days}"  (natural language)

A STEP ${...} value sent to an old server is treated as a literal string (it won't match), and _META.* fields may be rejected. Only use STEP / _META when targeting a server that supports them — the library never injects them implicitly.

5. Column-oriented response (optional)

For wide models or large pages, request a compact {headers, data} layout instead of an array of objects. The results on the response stays raw; use to_objects() (or the typed all() / first()) to reconstruct rows — they work with either layout.

query = (sbx.with_model("variety")
         .set_page_size(1000)
         .select("variety_name", "inactive")
         .column_oriented())

resp = await query.find()
# resp["results"] is { "headers": [...], "data": [[...], ...] }  (compact over the wire)

response = SBXResponse(**resp)
rows  = response.to_objects()       # list[dict], _META.* nested back under "_META"
items = response.all(SBXVariety)    # typed objects, same as object-array mode

find_all() works with column_oriented() too: every page is fetched column-oriented and the merged result stays column-oriented (one headers + all pages' data concatenated). The library never converts implicitly — if you want rows, convert explicitly with to_objects() / all() / first() (or the standalone column_to_objects()):

resp = await sbx.with_model("variety").column_oriented().find_all()
# resp["results"] is { "headers": [...], "data": [...] }  -> all pages, still compact

response = SBXResponse(**resp)
items = response.all(SBXVariety)     # explicit conversion to typed objects
rows  = response.to_objects()        # explicit conversion to list[dict]

delete() also accepts column_oriented() (it extracts the keys internally regardless of layout).

6. Legacy `find/old` endpoint

find_old() posts the same query to /data/v1/row/find/old (server's legacy default page size). Same builder, different endpoint.

response = SBXResponse(**await sbx.with_model("variety").find_old())

Putting it together

from sbxpy import SbxCore, Step
from sbxpy.sbx import SBX, SBXResponse

sbx: SbxCore = SBX.get_instance()

query = (sbx.with_model("order_line")
         .select("order_id", "qty", "status")        # field projection
         .and_where_is_equal("status", "active")
         .and_where_updated_after(Step.last("30d"))   # STEP + _META filter
         .set_timezone("America/New_York")            # timezone for calendar boundaries
         .sort_by("_META.updated", "DESC")            # sort by metadata
         .set_page_size(1000)
         .column_oriented())                          # compact wire payload

response = SBXResponse(**await query.find())
lines = response.all(SBXOrderLine)

Backward compatibility

The new features were designed so that the same library works against old and new servers:

You call…	Old server	New server
Nothing new	Identical to previous releases	Identical legacy behavior
`select(...)`	Key ignored → full rows returned	Projected fields
`column_oriented()`	Key ignored → object array; `to_objects()` is a no-op	`{headers, data}`; `to_objects()`/`all()`/`first()` reconstruct (works with `find_all()`/`delete()` too)
`sort_by(...)`	New `sort` key may be ignored (use `order_by` for old)	Multi-field sort incl. `_META`
`set_timezone(...)` / `Step.*`	`timezone` ignored; `${...}` treated literally	Evaluated server-side
`_META.*` filters	May be rejected by old server	Supported in WHERE/sort

Contract details:

New request keys (select, array_type, timezone, sort) are emitted only when you call their setters. A default query compiles byte-identically to previous releases.
The response results is never mutated on the wire; column reconstruction is on demand via SBXResponse.to_objects() / all() / first() and is a no-op for legacy object arrays.
STEP ${...} and _META.* are caller choices for new servers; nothing is injected implicitly.

Insert / Update (Upsert)

The upsert function handles both inserts and updates in a single call:

sbx: SbxCore = SBX.get_instance()

# Insert new records (no _KEY field)
result = await sbx.upsert("model_name", [
    {"field1": "value1", "field2": "value2"},
    {"field1": "value3", "field2": "value4"},
])
# result contains "keys" array with the new _KEY values in the same order

# Update existing records (include _KEY field)
await sbx.upsert("model_name", [
    {"_KEY": "existing_key_1", "field1": "new_value"},
    {"_KEY": "existing_key_2", "field2": "new_value"},
])

# Mixed insert + update in one call
await sbx.upsert("model_name", [
    {"field1": "new_record"},               # Will INSERT (no _KEY)
    {"_KEY": "abc123", "field1": "updated"} # Will UPDATE (has _KEY)
])

Important upsert rules:

Limit: Maximum 1000 records per upsert call. Batch larger sets.
Insert detection: Records without _KEY are inserted.
Update detection: Records with _KEY are updated.
Response on insert: The response includes a "keys" array with the new _KEY values in the same order as the input records.
Only send fields you want to update; unchanged fields don't need to be included.

Delete

# delete by explicit keys
await sbx.with_model("model_name").where_with_keys(["k1", "k2"]).delete()

# delete by query (finds matching keys first, then deletes)
await sbx.with_model("model_name").and_where_is_equal("status", "obsolete").delete()

Models & Fields Management

You can list existing models, create new models, and add fields (attributes) to them programmatically.

List Models

sbx: SbxCore = SBX.get_instance()

# Returns the list of models in the domain
result = await sbx.list_domain()
models = result.get("items", [])
for model in models:
    print(model["name"], model["id"], model.get("properties", []))

Create a Model

# Create a new model (table) in the domain
result = await sbx.create_model("my_new_model")
model_id = result["row_model"]["id"]

Create Fields (Attributes)

# Add a STRING field
await sbx.create_field(model_id, "name", "STRING")

# Add an INT field
await sbx.create_field(model_id, "quantity", "INT")

# Add a FLOAT field
await sbx.create_field(model_id, "price", "FLOAT")

# Add a BOOLEAN field
await sbx.create_field(model_id, "active", "BOOLEAN")

# Add a TEXT field
await sbx.create_field(model_id, "description", "TEXT")

# Add a REFERENCE field (foreign key to another model)
await sbx.create_field(model_id, "category", "REFERENCE", reference_type=other_model_id)

Available field types: STRING, INT, FLOAT, BOOLEAN, TEXT, REFERENCE.

CloudScripts

CloudScripts are server-side JavaScript functions that run on SBXCloud. You can create, list, get, update, and execute them.

Execute a CloudScript

sbx: SbxCore = SBX.get_instance()

# Run a cloudscript by key with parameters
result = await sbx.run("cloudscript_key", {"param1": "value1", "param2": "value2"})

Create a CloudScript

result = await sbx.create_cloudscript("my_script", '{"key": "value"}')
# result contains the created cloudscript info

List CloudScripts

# List cloudscripts (paginated, default page=1)
result = await sbx.list_cloudscripts(page=1)

Get a CloudScript by Key

result = await sbx.get_cloudscript("cloudscript_key")

Update a CloudScript

# Update the script code and optionally a test script
result = await sbx.update_cloudscript(
    "cloudscript_key",
    script='console.log("hello world")',
    test_script='console.log("test")'
)

SBXResponse

response = SBXResponse(**await query.find())

# Works for both object-array and column-oriented layouts:
items: list[SBXModelClass] = response.all(SBXModelClass)   # typed list
first: SBXModelClass | None = response.first(SBXModelClass) # first row or None
rows: list[dict]            = response.to_objects()         # raw rows as dicts
has: bool                   = response.has_results()

# Access fetched (joined) model data
fetched_data = response.fetched_results["model_name"]  # dict[str, dict]
# Key is the _KEY of the fetched record, value is a dict of its fields

# Reference helper
ref = response.get_ref("product_group", some_key, SBXProductGroup)

# Merge several raw page responses (tolerates mixed/column layouts)
merged = SBXResponse.merge([page1, page2, page3])

Common Patterns

Grouping items by reference key

items_by_ref: dict[str, list[ItemClass]] = {}
for item in items:
    if item.ref_key not in items_by_ref:
        items_by_ref[item.ref_key] = []
    items_by_ref[item.ref_key].append(item)

Batching upserts (>1000 records)

BATCH_SIZE = 1000
for i in range(0, len(records), BATCH_SIZE):
    batch = records[i:i + BATCH_SIZE]
    await sbx.upsert("model_name", batch)

Date format

Stored DATE/numeric dates in SBXCloud are often int in YYYYMMDD format (e.g., 20260131).

from datetime import datetime

def date_to_number_date(d: datetime) -> int:
    return int(d.strftime("%Y%m%d"))

For _META / DATE filtering on the new server, prefer literal MySQL datetimes ("2026-06-01 00:00:00") or moving STEP expressions (Step.last("7d"), Step.this("week")). See docs/DATES-QUERY-DSL.md and docs/FIND-SELECT-AND-ARRAY-TYPE.md for the full server spec.

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
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.github/workflows		.github/workflows
sbxpy		sbxpy
scripts		scripts
tests		tests
.gitignore		.gitignore
.python-version		.python-version
CLAUDE.md		CLAUDE.md
LICENSE		LICENSE
README.md		README.md
bld.bat		bld.bat
build.sh		build.sh
meta.yaml		meta.yaml
pyproject.toml		pyproject.toml
setup.py		setup.py
test.py		test.py
uv.lock		uv.lock

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sbxcloudpython

SBXCloud Project

Project Setup

Environment Variables (.env)

SBXCloud Platform Overview

Core Concepts

sbxpy Library Usage

Initialization

Defining Models

Using the library with an OLD server

Basic Query

Find All (paginated automatically)

Where Clauses

Sorting (legacy)

Fetch Models (JOINs)

Using the library with the NEW server

1. select — field projection

2. sort_by + _META sorting

3. Querying by _META.created / _META.updated

4. Timezone + STEP date DSL

5. Column-oriented response (optional)

6. Legacy find/old endpoint

Putting it together

Backward compatibility

Insert / Update (Upsert)

Delete

Models & Fields Management

List Models

Create a Model

Create Fields (Attributes)

CloudScripts

Execute a CloudScript

Create a CloudScript

List CloudScripts

Get a CloudScript by Key

Update a CloudScript

SBXResponse

Common Patterns

Grouping items by reference key

Batching upserts (>1000 records)

Date format

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1. `select` — field projection

2. `sort_by` + `_META` sorting

3. Querying by `_META.created` / `_META.updated`

6. Legacy `find/old` endpoint

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